The year 1971 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
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- July 4 – Michael S. Hart posts the first e-book, a copy of the United States Declaration of Independence, on the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign's mainframe computer, the origin of Project Gutenberg.[4]
- November 3 – The Unix Programmer's Manual is published.
- November 15 – Intel release the world's first microprocessor, the 4004.
- November/December – Computer Space is released, the first arcade video game.
- Ray Tomlinson sends the first ARPAnet e-mail between host computers, at BBN, Cambridge, Massachusetts, with the first use of the @ sign in an address.[5]
- Kenbak-1 goes on sale, considered to be the world's first personal computer by the Computer History Museum and the American Computer Museum.
- The earliest floppy disks, 8 inches in diameter, become commercially available as components of products shipped by IBM, their inventor.
- January 23 – Fritz Feigl (b. 1891), Austrian-born Brazilian chemist
- January 25 – Donald Winnicott (b. 1896), English child psychiatrist.
- February 16 – Heinrich Willi (b. 1900), Swiss pediatrician.
- February 25 – Theodor Svedberg (b. 1884), Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- March 11 – Philo T. Farnsworth (b. 1906), American television pioneer.
- April 1 – Dame Kathleen Lonsdale (b. 1903), Irish-born crystallographer.
- April 6 – Margaret Newton (b. 1887), Canadian plant pathologist.
- April 12 – Igor Tamm (b. 1895), Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- June 6 – Edward Andrade (b. 1887), English physicist.
- June 15
- June 30 – Soviet cosmonauts
- September 15 – Benno Mengele (b. 1898), Austrian electrical engineer