The year 1796 in science and technology involved some significant events.
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- Pierre-Simon Laplace publishes Exposition du système du monde, his work on astronomy (mainly celestial mechanics) following Newton and Lagrange. He develops an analytical theory of tides, deduces the mass of the Moon, improves the calculation of cosmic orbits, and predicts that Saturn's rings will be found to rotate. Most notably, he propounds the modern nebular hypothesis, independently outlined by Kant.
- Rev. James Parker is granted a patent in Britain for Roman cement ("A certain Cement or Terras to be used in Aquatic and other Buildings and Stucco Work").
- April 4 – Georges Cuvier reads his paper Mémoires sur les espèces d'éléphants vivants et fossiles at the opening of the Institut National in Paris, demonstrating that species had become extinct.
- Pierre André Latreille publishes Précis des caractères génériques des insectes, disposés dans un ordre naturel.
- February 6 – John Stevens Henslow, English botanist (died 1861)
- February 10 – Henry De la Beche, English geologist (died 1855)
- February 17 – Philipp Franz von Siebold, German physician, botanist and traveler in Japan (died 1866)
- February 22 – Adolphe Quetelet, Belgian mathematician and astronomer (died 1874)
- March 27 – Robert James Graves, Irish physician (died 1853)
- June 1 – Sadi Carnot, French physicist (died 1832)
- July 29 – Walter Hunt, American inventor (died 1859)
- August – William Marsden, English surgeon (died 1867)
- August 15 – John Torrey, American botanist (died 1873)
- August 21 – James Lick, American philanthropist who endows the Lick Observatory (died 1876)
- September 19 – Richard Harlan, American zoologist (died 1843)
- December (approx. date) – William Banting, English undertaker and dietician (died 1878)
Dunnington, G. Waldo (2004). Carl Friedrich Gauss: Titan of Science (new ed.). Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America. ISBN 978-0-88385-538-6. OCLC 53933110.
Graham, Patrick (2001). Phrenology: revealing the mysteries of the mind (videorecording (DVD)). Richmond Hill, Ont.: American Home Treasures. ISBN 0-7792-5135-0.
Troyano, Leonardo Fernández (2003). Bridge Engineering: a Global Perspective. London: Thomas Telford Publishing. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-7277-3215-6.
Meggs, Philip B. (1998). A History of Graphic Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-471-29198-5.