SPACA3

Protein 3 spermatozoidno-akrosomske membrane je protein koki je kod ljudi kodiran genom SPACA3. Može biti uključen u prianjanje za jajnu ćeliju prije nego što se oplodi.^[5][6]

SPACA3
Dostupne strukture PDB Pretraga ortologa: PDBe RCSB Spisak PDB ID kodova 4YF2
Identifikatori
Aliasi	SPACA3
Vanjski ID-jevi	OMIM: 612749 MGI: 1922872 HomoloGene: 18365 GeneCards: SPACA3
Lokacija gena (čovjek) Hrom. Hromosom 17 (čovjek)[1] Bend 17q11.2 Početak 32,970,376 bp[1] Kraj 32,997,877 bp[1]
Lokacija gena (miš) Hrom. Hromosom 11 (miš)[2] Bend 11|11 B5 Početak 80,749,191 bp[2] Kraj 80,758,640 bp[2]
Obrazac RNK ekspresije Više referentnih podataka o ekspresiji
Ontologija gena Molekularna funkcija • GO:0001948, GO:0016582 vezivanje za proteine • lysozyme activity Ćelijska komponenta • integral component of membrane • extracellular region • Akrozom • secretory granule • membrana • GO:0016023 citoplazmatska vezikula • Vanćelijsko • acrosomal membrane • acrosomal matrix Biološki proces • monocyte activation • cell wall macromolecule catabolic process • oplodnja • positive regulation of phagocytosis • response to virus • positive regulation of macrophage activation • sperm-egg recognition • GO:0051637 defense response to Gram-positive bacterium • peptidoglycan catabolic process • GO:0051636 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization Izvori:Amigo / QuickGO
Ortolozi
Vrste	Čovjek	Miš
Entrez	124912	75622
Ensembl	ENSG00000141316	ENSMUSG00000053184
UniProt	Q8IXA5	Q9D9X8
RefSeq (mRNK)	NM_173847 NM_001317225 NM_001317226	NM_029367 NM_001359183
RefSeq (bjelančevina)	NP_001304154 NP_001304155 NP_776246	NP_083643 NP_001346112
Lokacija (UCSC)	Chr 17: 32.97 – 33 Mb	Chr 11: 80.75 – 80.76 Mb
PubMed pretraga	[3]	[4]
Wikipodaci
Pogledaj/uredi – čovjek Pogledaj/uredi – miš

Dužina polipeptidnog lanca je 215 aminokiselina, a molekulska težina 23.431.^[7].

Aminokiselinska sekvenca

Simboli

C: Cistein
D: Asparaginska kiselina
E: Glutaminska kiselina
F: Fenilalanin
G: Glicin
H: Histidin
I: Izoleucin
K: Lizin
L: Leucin
M: Metionin
N: Asparagin
P: Prolin
Q: Glutamin
R: Arginin
S: Serin
T: Treonin
V: Valin
W: Triptofan
Y: Tirozin

10		20		30		40		50
MVSALRGAPL		IRVHSSPVSS		PSVSGPRRLV		SCLSSQSSAL		SQSGGGSTSA
AGIEARSRAL		RRRWCPAGIM		LLALVCLLSC		LLPSSEAKLY		GRCELARVLH
DFGLDGYRGY		SLADWVCLAY		FTSGFNAAAL		DYEADGSTNN		GIFQINSRRW
CSNLTPNVPN		VCRMYCSDLL		NPNLKDTVIC		AMKITQEPQG		LGYWEAWRHH
CQGKDLTEWV		DGCDF

Kloniranje i ekspresija

Proteasomskom analizom 2D gela ljudske sperme, nakon čega slijedi RACE-PCR ljudske testisne cDNK, Mandal et al. (2003) klonirali su SPACA3, koji su nazvali SLLP1, i identificirali homologe miša i pacova. Izvedeni protein SPACA3 od 215 aminokiselina ima izračunatu molekulsku masu od 23,4 kD. SPACA3 sadrži pretpostavljenu transmembransku regiju, praćenu predviđenim mjestom cijepanja proteazama između ala-lys veze, sekvencu transkripta za alfa-laktalbumin/lizozim C (LYZ) porodice proteina, tri predviđena N-terminala, jedno C-terminalno mjesto miristoilacije i dva mjesta fosforilacija. SPACA3 dijeli 53% i 52% identiteta s lizozimom želuca majmuna, odnosno s lizozimom čovjeka. Northern blot analiza ljudskih tkiva otkrila je transkript od 1,0 kb samo u testisu. Imunofluorescentne studije lokalizirale su SPACA3 na akrosomu i ekvatorskom segmentu glave spermatozoida, a imunozlatno bojenje otkrilo je distribuciju SPACA3 na cijeloj akrosomskoj matrici, uključujući glavni i ekvatorski segment.

Mandal et al. (2003) nisu pronašli dokaze o SPACA3 bakteriolitskoj aktivnosti, a SPACA3 nije pokazao značajniji efekat na vezanje i fuziju ljudske spermatozoida na jajima hrčaka. Utvrdili su da gen SPACA3 sadrži pet egzona u rasponu od oko 6,0 kb. Analizom genomske sekvence, mapirali su gen SPACA3 u hromosomskoj regiji 17q11.2. Zhang et al . (2005) mapirali su gen SPACA3 na 17q12.^[8][9]

Reference

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000141316 - Ensembl, maj 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000053184 - Ensembl, maj 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Mandal A, Klotz KL, Shetty J, Jayes FL, Wolkowicz MJ, Bolling LC, Coonrod SA, Black MB, Diekman AB, Haystead TA, Flickinger CJ, Herr JC (Apr 2003). "SLLP1, a unique, intra-acrosomal, non-bacteriolytic, c lysozyme-like protein of human spermatozoa". Biol Reprod. 68 (5): 1525–37. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.010108. PMID 12606493.
6. "Entrez Gene: SPACA3 sperm acrosome associated 3".
7. "UniProt, Q8IXA5". Pristupljeno 12. 6. 2021.
8. Mandal, A., Klotz, K. L., Shetty, J., Jayes, F. L., Wolkowicz, M. J., Bolling, L. C., Coonrod, S. A., Black, M. B., Diekman, A. B., Haystead, T. A. J., Flickinger, C. J., Herr, J. C. SLLP1, a unique, intra-acrosomal, non-bacteriolytic, c lysozyme-like protein of human spermatozoa. Biol. Reprod. 68: 1525-1537, 2003. [PubMed]: 12606493
9. Zhang, K., Gao, R., Zhang, H., Cai, X., Shen, C., Wu, C., Zhao, S., Yu, L. Molecular cloning and characterization of three novel lysozyme-like genes, predominantly expressed in the male reproductive system of humans, belonging to the C-type lysozyme/alpha-lactalbumin family. Biol. Reprod. 73: 1064-1071, 2005. [PubMed]: 16014814

Dopunska literatura

• Niyonsaba F, Ogawa H (2006). "Protective roles of the skin against infection: implication of naturally occurring human antimicrobial agents beta-defensins, cathelicidin LL-37 and lysozyme". J. Dermatol. Sci. 40 (3): 157–68. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2005.07.009. PMID 16150577.
• Cramer EM, Breton-Gorius J (1987). "Ultrastructural localization of lysozyme in human neutrophils by immunogold". J. Leukoc. Biol. 41 (3): 242–7. doi:10.1002/jlb.41.3.242. PMID 3470418. S2CID 32012371.
• Welsh IR, Spitznagel JK (1973). "Distribution of lysosomal enzymes, cationic proteins, and bactericidal substances in subcellular fractions of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes". Infect. Immun. 4 (2): 97–102. doi:10.1128/IAI.4.2.97-102.1971. PMC 416271. PMID 5154881.
• Ibrahim HR, Matsuzaki T, Aoki T (2001). "Genetic evidence that antibacterial activity of lysozyme is independent of its catalytic function". FEBS Lett. 506 (1): 27–32. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02872-1. PMID 11591365. S2CID 21593262.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309.
• Wang Z, Zhang Y, Mandal A, et al. (2005). "The spermatozoa protein, SLLP1, is a novel cancer-testis antigen in hematologic malignancies". Clin. Cancer Res. 10 (19): 6544–50. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0911. PMID 15475442.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Zhang K, Gao R, Zhang H, et al. (2006). "Molecular cloning and characterization of three novel lysozyme-like genes, predominantly expressed in the male reproductive system of humans, belonging to the c-type lysozyme/alpha-lactalbumin family". Biol. Reprod. 73 (5): 1064–71. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.105.041889. PMID 16014814. S2CID 21603980.