兩眼豬籠草

兩眼豬籠草^[2]（學名：Nepenthes reinwardtiana）是婆羅洲和蘇門答臘特有的熱帶食蟲植物^[3]，少量分佈於周圍的許多島嶼中，包括邦加島、大納土納島^[4]、尼亞斯島及西比路島。^[5]雖然部分文獻顯示其分佈於西馬來西亞^[6][7][8][9]和新加坡^[7][10]，但這些記錄似乎是錯誤的^[11][12]。其種加詞「reinwardtiana」來源於卡斯珀·格奧爾格·卡爾·瑞華德，所以其也稱為瑞華德豬籠草（Reinwardt's Pitcher-Plant）。^[13]

兩眼豬籠草
兩眼豬籠草的上位籠
保護狀況
無危（IUCN 2.3）
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
目：	石竹目 Caryophyllales
科：	豬籠草科 Nepenthaceae
屬：	豬籠草屬 Nepenthes
種：	兩眼豬籠草 N. reinwardtiana
二名法
Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq. (1852)
異名
Nepenthes korthalsiana auct. non Miq.: Herb.Calc. ex Macfarl. (1908) ?Nepenthes naquiyuddinii J.H.Adam & Hafiza (2006) Nepenthes reinwardtii Hook.f. (1859)[1]sphalm.typogr.

兩眼豬籠草分佈於海拔0至2200米處。^[3]高海拔地區與低海拔地區兩眼豬籠草的捕蟲籠大小和顏色存在差異，低海拔變型的捕蟲籠更細長，高海拔地區的捕蟲籠更矮胖。^[2]兩眼豬籠草的捕蟲籠色彩豐富，可為綠色至深紅色。兩眼豬籠草捕蟲籠的內表面可存在兩個「眼點」，其隨植株生長狀態，或存在或消失。^[2]

分類關係

納奎友丁豬籠草

2006年，朱馬特·哈吉·亞當和哈菲查·A·哈米德（Hafiza A. Hamid）描述了納奎友丁豬籠草（N. naquiyuddinii）^{[注 1]}。^[14][15]納奎友丁豬籠草存在於婆羅洲沙巴由根地咬去往金馬尼士的道路及土魯斯瑪迪山山腳，海拔1400米至1425米的開闊次生植被中。^[14]

雖然兩眼豬籠草和納奎友丁豬籠草之間存在密切的近緣關係，但朱馬特·哈吉·亞當和哈菲查·A·哈米德認為「因為兩眼豬籠草和納奎友丁豬籠草存在許多形態上的差異，所以他們不能歸為同一個物種」。^[14]但是另一些學者認為，兩眼豬籠草和納奎友丁豬籠草之間的差異太小了，不足以將它們區分成兩個物種，並認為納奎友丁豬籠草是兩眼豬籠草的同物異名。^[16][17]此外，這些學者認為納奎友丁豬籠草可能是暗色豬籠草（N. fusca）和兩眼豬籠草的自然雜交種。^[18]

進化分支

2001年，查爾斯·克拉克對來自蘇門答臘島和西馬來西亞的豬籠草進行了分支系統學分析，共利用了70個形態特徵。以下為豬籠草進化樹的「第6分支」。^[19]

	unnamed   小豬籠草     兩眼豬籠草     unnamed     東巴豬籠草        79%   昂嘎桑豬籠草     邁克豬籠草

種下類群

• Nepenthes reinwardtiana var. samarindaensis J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1993)^[20]

自然雜交種

左：暗色豬籠草與兩眼豬籠草的自然雜交種。
右：兩眼豬籠草與窄葉豬籠草的自然雜交種。

• N. albomarginata × N. reinwardtiana [=N. × ferrugineomarginata]^[21]
• N. ampullaria × N. reinwardtiana^[19]
• N. clipeata × N. reinwardtiana^[21]
• N. fusca × N. reinwardtiana^[3][=?N. naquiyuddinii]^[18]
• N. gracilis × N. reinwardtiana^[19]
• N. gymnamphora × N. reinwardtiana^[19]
• N. hispida × N. reinwardtiana^[21]
• N. macrovulgaris × N. reinwardtiana^[21]
• N. mirabilis × N. reinwardtiana^[18]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. spathulata^[19]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. stenophylla^[21]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. tentaculata^[3][=?N. murudensis]^[21]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. tobaica^[19][22]

註釋

1. 納奎友丁豬籠草的種加詞來源於馬來西亞國民大學的副校監——Yang Amat Mulia Tunku Laxamana Tunku Dato' Seri Utama Naquiyuddin Ibni Tuanku Ja'afar.^[14]

參考文獻

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20. Adam, J.H. & C.C. Wilcock 1993. A new variety of Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miquel from Kalimantan, Borneo. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 50(1): 99–104.
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擴展閱讀

• 食蟲植物照片搜尋引擎中兩眼豬籠草的照片 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
• 食蟲植物照片搜尋引擎中蘇門答臘兩眼豬籠草的照片 （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）

維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：兩眼豬籠草 維基物種上的相關資訊：兩眼豬籠草