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巴林中央銀行（英語：Central Bank of Bahrain，簡稱CBB），系巴林王國之中央銀行，設立於2006年，總部位於首都麥納麥[1]。其屬於一個公共法人實體，負責維持巴林王國的貨幣穩定，而同時作為巴林金融業的唯一監管機構，其職責範圍也覆蓋了全國的銀行業，保險業，投資業務與資本市場活動。[6]
1971年8月14日，巴林從英國獨立。到了1973年，巴林埃米爾發佈法令，設立巴林貨幣管理局行使央行與金融監管職能[6]。巴林貨幣管理局一直持續運作了33年。
直到2006年9月6日，巴林國王頒佈了《2006年第64號法令》（Decree No. (64) of 2006），即日起施行《巴林中央銀行與金融機構法》（The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law 2006，簡稱CBB Law)），並廢除原來以《1973年第23號法令》（Decree No.(23) of 1973）頒佈實施的《巴林貨幣管理局法》（BMA Law）[7]。此舉確立了巴林中央銀行為巴林貨幣管理局的繼任機構，新設立的央行成為巴林王國金融服務業的單一監管機構，與原貨幣局相比，其加強了自身的獨立性，簡化了監管程序，並擴大了權力範圍[8]。
巴林中央銀行依《巴林中央銀行與金融機構法》之規定，被授以追求實現之目標有[9]：
- 制定與執行貨幣政策，信貸政策以及其他金融機構相關政策；
- 向王國政府以及金融機構提供有效的央行服務；
- 發展國內之金融業；
- 保護存款人及金融服務消費者之利益，提高巴林作為國際金融中心之信譽；
巴林中央銀行依《巴林中央銀行與金融機構法》之規定，被賦予之職權包括[10]：
- 發行國家貨幣；
- 實施適度寬鬆的貨幣政策，以保持貨幣與王國貨幣體系之穩定；
- 採取適當措施應對區域及國際經濟環境之變化；
- 規範與開發金融機構，受理執照發予事務，並監管其活動；
- 作為政府的銀行；
- 擔任政府之經濟事務顧問；
- 管理政府之黃金及外匯儲備；
- 代表王國政府參與國際經濟事務；
- 促進及鼓勵金融服務行業之創新；
- 維護持牌金融機構對客戶的合法權益；
- 其他依法應履行之事務。
巴林中央銀行最高決策機構為董事會，其依法應由七人組成，其中應包括一名財政部之代表。而全部的七名成員皆由巴林國王任命，每任四年（可連任）[11]。巴林中央銀行行長則由國王根據董事之建議任命，每任5年（可連任）[12]。
以下為巴林中央銀行組織架構圖[13][14]：
More information 巴林中央銀行董事會成員列表(2008-2012年屆)[15], 職位 ...
| 巴林中央銀行董事會成員列表(2008-2012年屆)[15]
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| 職位 |
名字
|
| 主席 |
卡西姆·穆罕默德·法赫魯
Qassim Mohammed Fakhro
قاسم محمد فخرو
|
副主席
(行長) |
拉希德·穆罕默德·馬拉吉
Rasheed Mohammed Al Maraj
رشيد محمد المعراج
|
| 成員 |
優素福·阿卜杜拉·哈穆德
Yousif Abdulla Humood
يوسف عبدالله حمود
|
扎卡利亞·赫傑雷斯
Zakaria Hejres
زكريا هجرس
|
穆罕默德·侯賽因·耶泰埃姆
Mohammed Hussain Yateem
محمد حسين يتيم
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謝赫穆罕默德·本·哈利法·本·艾哈邁德·阿勒哈利法
Shaikh Mohammed bin Khalifa bin Ahmed Al Khalifa
سعادة الشيخ محمد بن خليفة بن أحمد آل خليفة
|
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Contact Us of Central Bank of Bahrain. 巴林中央銀行官網. [2014-11-28]. （原始內容存檔於2018-09-07） （英語）. Central Bank of Bahrain, King Faisal Highway, Diplomatic Area , Block 317, Road 1702, Building 96, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
哈邁德·本·伊薩·本·薩勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law》 (PDF). 巴林國王簽署生效: 第一部分第二章第十一節. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始內容 (pdf)存檔於2014-03-27） （英語）. 原文為阿拉伯文，(a) The authorized capital of the Central Bank shall be Bahraini Dinars Five hundred million (BD 500,000,000). (b) The paid up capital of the Central Bank shall be Bahraini Dinars Two hundred million (BD 200,000,000). (c) The authorized capital and the paid up capital may be increased by a royal decree. (d) The Government shall pay the capital of the Central Bank in full and shall be the sole owner thereof.
Profile of The Central Bank of Bahrain. 巴林中央銀行官網. [2014-11-30]. （原始內容存檔於2014-10-27） （英語）. The Central Bank of Bahrain ('CBB') is a public corporate entity established by the Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law 2006. It was created on 6th September 2006. The CBB is responsible for maintaining monetary and financial stability in the Kingdom of Bahrain. It succeeded the Bahrain Monetary Agency, which had previously carried out central banking and regulatory functions since its establishment in 1973 (shortly after Bahrain secured full independence from Great Britain). The CBB inherits the BMA's 33-year track record and wide range of responsibilities. It implements the Kingdom's monetary and foreign exchange rate policies, manages the government's reserves and debt issuance, issues the national currency and oversees the country's payments and settlement systems. It is also the sole regulator of Bahrain's financial sector, covering the full range of banking, insurance, investment business and capital markets activities. The CBB's wide scope of responsibilities allows a consistent policy approach to be undertaken across the whole of the Kingdom's financial sector. It also provides a straightforward and efficient regulatory framework for financial services firms operating in Bahrain.
哈邁德·本·伊薩·本·薩勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《DECREE NO . (64) OF 2006》 (PDF). 巴林國王簽署生效: 1–2頁. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始內容 (pdf)存檔於2014-03-27） （英語）. 原文為阿拉伯文：Article 1:(The provisions of the attached law shall be implemented with respect to the Central Bank of Bahrain and the financial institutions.)；Article 2:(Legislative Decree No.23 of 1973 establishing the Bahrain Monetary Agency and Legislative Decree No.17 of 1987 regarding insurance companies and organizations; are hereby repealed and so any other provision that contradicts the provisions of the attached Law.)
CBB Law. 巴林中央銀行官網. [2014-11-30]. （原始內容存檔於2018-09-07） （英語）. The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law 2006 ('CBB Law') was promulgated on 6 September 2006 with the issuance of Decree No. (64) of 2006.Decree No. 64 implemented the CBB Law and repealed the BMA Law of 1973 as well as the Insurance Law of 1987. The CBB Law established the Central Bank of Bahrain as the successor organisation of the Bahrain Monetary Agency. It also set out the CBB's mandate, governance and powers.The CBB Law provides enhanced enforcement powers to the CBB as well as reinforces its operational independence. Other highlights include an expanded range of powers with respect to the regulation of the capital markets and the offering of securities (Parts 4 and 5), including the creation of the statutory offences of insider trading and market abuse. Part 6 of the CBB Law provides, for the first time, a legal basis under Bahrain law for close-out netting.The CBB Law represents a significant modernization and simplification of Bahrain's financial services legislation, as well as marks the final stage in the creation of a single regulator for Bahrain's financial services industry.
哈邁德·本·伊薩·本·薩勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law》 (PDF). 巴林國王簽署生效: 第一部分第一章第三節. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始內容 (pdf)存檔於2014-03-27） （英語）. 原文為阿拉伯文，The Central Bank shall pursue the following objectives within the framework of the general economic policy of the Kingdom in a manner that enhances and develops the national economy: (1) set and implement the monetary, credit and other financial sector policies for the Kingdom. (2) provide effective central banking services to the Government and the financial sector of the Kingdom. (3) develop the financial sector and enhance confidence therein.. (4) protect the interests of depositors and the customers of the financial institutions, and enhance the Kingdom’s credibility as an international financial centre.
哈邁德·本·伊薩·本·薩勒曼·阿勒哈利法. 《The Central Bank of Bahrain and Financial Institutions Law》 (PDF). 巴林國王簽署生效: 第一部分第一章第五節第一條. 2006-09-06 [2014-11-30]. （原始內容 (pdf)存檔於2014-03-27） （英語）. 原文為阿拉伯文，The Central Bank shall have a Board of Directors formed of seven members, including a representative of the Ministry of Finance. Members of the Board shall be appointed by a Royal Decree for a renewable term of four years. The Decree appointing the members shall name the Chairman and the Vice chairman of the Board.
巴林 麥納麥
