Remove ads
路易·德·奧爾良（法語：Louis Philippe Marie Léopold d'Orléans，1845年11月5日—1866年5月24日）是法蘭西奧爾良王室成員之一，被封為孔代親王。他是歷史記載上第一位訪問澳大利亞洲的歐洲王室成員。[1]
_with_her_son_(Prince_Louis_of_Orl%C3%A9ans,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9)_by_Victor_Mottez.jpg)
路易·德·奧爾良在1845年11月15日誕生於聖克盧，是奧馬勒公爵亨利和兩西西里的瑪麗亞·卡洛麗娜的長子、法國人的國王路易-菲利普一世的孫子。他被封爲孔代親王，這個爵位最初為孔代家族所持有，隨着路易六世·亨利·德·波旁-孔代的逝世，孔代家族徹底絕嗣。人們根據之前最有名的被稱爲「大孔代」（le Grand Condé）的孔代親王的典故，將路易·德·奧爾良稱之爲「小孔代」（le petit Condé）[2] 1848年革命爆發後，他和他的家族流亡到英國。之後他在愛丁堡皇家高中就讀，師從萊昂哈德·施密茨（英語：Leonhard Schmitz）[2]
儅路易·德·奧爾良在20歲時，他的父親爲他安排了一場爲期十八個月的環球航行。在他的父親看來，這次環游在歐洲之外的旅行所穿越的地區氣候能改善他虛弱的健康狀況。1866年2月14日，路易·德·奧爾良與他的私人醫生保羅·金戈特（Paul Gingeot）以及他的表兄阿朗松公爵斐迪南王子（英語：Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Alençon）在南安普敦乘坐一艘由英國鐵行輪船公司所有的名爲「蒙古利亞號」的郵輪開始了他的旅行。這場旅行計劃經過埃及、錫蘭、澳大利亞、新西蘭、爪哇島、中國、日本和印度。路易·德·奧爾良尤其對澳大利亞感興趣；他尤其為澳洲的異域風景而着迷[2]
因爲蘇伊士運河在1866年仍未完工，在到達亞歷山大港之後他乘坐火車從開羅出發到達蘇伊士，然後乘坐一艘小船與另一艘鐵行輪船公司的郵輪「孟加拉號」會合，路易·德·奧爾良與金戈特醫生繼續他們的旅行。而阿朗松公爵斐迪南王子，在埃及離開他們一行人去了馬尼拉。在錫蘭作短暫停留後，他們乘坐鐵行輪船公司的「孟買號」郵輪繼續他們的旅行。
4月8日，「孟買號」到達了位於西澳大利亞西南海岸的一處名爲喬治王灣（英語：King George Sound）的海灣。路易·德·奧爾良在一位來自昆士蘭的富商的陪同下在奧班尼上岸，並在那裏會見了奧班尼首席治安官亞歷山大·坎貝爾爵士等人[2]
4月13日，「孟買號」進入墨爾本港口。路易·德·奧爾良想儘快進入雪梨，決定在回程中游覽這座城市。於是「孟買號」繼續經過南澳大利亞、維多利亞和新南威爾斯的殖民地，經過豪角（英語：Cape Howe）與澳大利亞阿爾卑斯山脈
在1866年4月16日，「孟買號」在傑克遜港停靠。 路易·德·奧爾良對這個城市印象深刻，並將其與世界各地的老城市進行了比較。[2]
儘管一些人包括新南威爾斯州州長第一代利斯加爾男爵約翰·楊恩爵士（英語：John Young）為路易·德·奧爾良和他的旅伴提供更好的居所，但他決定還是在位於教堂山聖菲利普教堂（英語：St. Philip’s Church）附近的的佩蒂酒店居住。在接下來的五周裏，路易·德·奧爾良在他的身體逐漸好轉的情況下，參觀了雪梨大學、澳洲博物館、雪梨皇家植物園和雪梨醫院（英語：Sydney Hospital），在此期間他會見了雪梨大學校長愛德華·迪亞斯·湯姆森（英語：Edward Deas Thomson）、皇家植物園的主管查爾斯·摩爾（英語：Charles Moore）等當地政要。他的其他短途旅行經過巴拉馬打、溫莎和庫拉宗（英語：Kurrajong）[2]
已隱藏部分未翻譯內容，歡迎參與翻譯。
Death and burial
On 12 May 1866 he received news of the death of his grandmother, Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily, which affected him badly and this, together with a cold, that he had picked up during his trip to Manly, caused his health to noticeably worsen. Dr. Gingeot ordered him to rest, but d』Orléans ignored him.[2]
After a short-lived improvement, his health deteriorated rapidly, so that Dr. Gingeot sought the opinion of a second doctor. On the evening of 24 May, Louis d』Orléans died in Sydney in the presence of Dr. Gingeot, his valet and archdeacon McEnroe, who administered the last rites. On his death, the title of Prince of Condé died out for a second, and final, time.[2]
Over the next few days, various public figures visited Petty's Hotel, including Governor John Young, Chief Justice Alfred Stephen, the Premier of New South Wales James Martin, Commodore Sir William Wiseman and the Consuls of the United States, the Netherlands, Belgium and Brazil, in order to pay their last respects to d』Orléans. Louis Sentis, the French consul, unlike his peers, went as a private individual, because the French government did not recognise the claims of the House of Orléans to the French throne.[2]
The funeral took place on 29 May 1866. A long procession, led by Bishop Aloys Elloy and about 20 clerics, accompanied the coffin from Petty's Hotel to Saint Mary’s Cathedral. Amongst the coffin bearers were the Governor, the Chief Justice, the Premier, Commodore Sir William Wiseman and the Belgian consul. Many businesses in Sydney closed during the funeral and the consulates lowered their flags to half mast.[2]
Two thousand attended the requiem mass in Saint Mary’s Cathedral. Because Archbishop John Bede Polding was in Rome at the time, he was represented at the service by Aloys Elloy. After the end of the service the coffin and the silver container that held the heart of Louis d』Orléans were taken on board the Sea Star which was anchored at Circular Quay. On 2 June 1866 the Sea Star set sail for London with d』Orléans' remains. Also on board were Dr. Gingeot and the prince's retinue. The Sea Star arrived in London on 11 September 1866.[2]
After the end of the Second French Empire and the Paris Commune the family of Louis d』Orléans returned to France in 1871 from their exile in England. In 1885, the urn that contained the hearts of the Princes of Condé was placed in the chapel of Château de Chantilly. Here, too, is the final resting place of Louis d』Orléans' heart.[2]
His mortal remains are in Chapelle Royale Saint-Louis in Dreux.[2]
Remove ads
- Jirí Louda, Michael MacLagan: Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe. 2nd edition, Little, Brown and Company, London, 1999, Plate 70.
- Paul Gingeot: Un voyage en Australie (1867; pdf; 9.3 MB)
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.
Remove ads