自由選民

自由選民（德語：Freie Wähler，縮寫FW）是德國的一個政黨，源自德國各地的「自由選民活動」（由獨立參選人組成的集團）集合而成，即通常以註冊協會（eV）形式存在的地方選民團體。自由選民通常只在地方政府參選，例如市議會和市長，自由選民在德國南部的農村地區有較多當選者，最吸引那些偏愛地方決策而不是政黨政治的保守派選民。自由選民組織在德國所有州都很活躍。

與其他德國州不同，巴伐利亞的自由選民自1998年以來也參加了州選舉。在2008年的巴伐利亞州選舉中，FW獲得了10.2％的選票，並在Landtag中獲得了前20個席位。並在十年以後成為其執政聯盟的一部分。

歷史

意識形態、政綱和政策

自由選民是保守黨派，^[1]支持將更多權力下放至地方，^[2]反對歐盟的財政政策。^[3]

就意識形態而言，在政治光譜上，一些消息來源將其描述為介於自由民主黨和聖經基督徒黨之間，^[4]而另一些人則將其描述為介於基督教社會聯盟和德國選擇黨(AfD) 之間。^[5]《歐洲選舉報》將其描述為中間派。 ^[6]《Politico》將該黨描述為保守派和右翼黨，並指出他們的言論與AfD的聲明有相似之處。^[7]

州議會

由於與 BVB/自由選民聯盟密切合作，自由選民聯盟不參加勃蘭登堡的州選舉，而BVB/自由選民聯盟只參加勃蘭登堡的州選舉。

另見

參考資料

[1]
Bavaria's Free Voters — What you need to know – DW – 10/15/2018. dw.com. [2023-04-17]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-10）（英語）.
[2]
Judy Dempsey. As Bavaria goes, so too all of Germany?. The New York Times. 2008-09-28 [2024-06-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-21）. The Free Voters, who won 10 percent, want more power to be devolved to the local level. They may be sought as a coalition partner, though their positions on many issues are unclear.
[3]
Andranik Tangian. 14: Visualizing the Political Spectrum of Germany by Contiguously Ordering the Party Policy Profiles. Christos H. Skiadas & James R. Bozeman (編). Data Analysis and Applications 2: Utilization of Results in Europe and Other Topics 3. Wiley. 2019. ISBN 9781119579533. FREIE WAHLER (Free Voters) founded in 2009, a party of opposition the EU financial policy;
[4]
Andranik Tangian. 14: Visualizing the Political Spectrum of Germany by Contiguously Ordering the Party Policy Profiles. Christos H. Skiadas & James R. Bozeman (編). Data Analysis and Applications 2: Utilization of Results in Europe and Other Topics 3. Wiley. 2019. ISBN 9781119579533. FREIE WAHLER (Free Voters) founded in 2009, a party of opposition the EU financial policy;
[5]
Laurenz Gehrke. The thorn in conservative Germany's side. Politico. August 27, 2021 [2024-06-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-09-24）.
[6]
EU Elections in Germany: which minor parties will make it? （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Europe Elects, May 11, 2019.
[7]
The thorn in conservative Germany's side. POLITICO. 2021-08-27 [2023-04-15]. （原始內容存檔於2023-09-24）（英語）.

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外部連結

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[1] [1]
Bavaria's Free Voters — What you need to know – DW – 10/15/2018. dw.com. [2023-04-17]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-10）（英語）.

[2] [2]
Judy Dempsey. As Bavaria goes, so too all of Germany?. The New York Times. 2008-09-28 [2024-06-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-10-21）. The Free Voters, who won 10 percent, want more power to be devolved to the local level. They may be sought as a coalition partner, though their positions on many issues are unclear.

[Skiadas-3] [3]
Andranik Tangian. 14: Visualizing the Political Spectrum of Germany by Contiguously Ordering the Party Policy Profiles. Christos H. Skiadas & James R. Bozeman (編). Data Analysis and Applications 2: Utilization of Results in Europe and Other Topics 3. Wiley. 2019. ISBN 9781119579533. FREIE WAHLER (Free Voters) founded in 2009, a party of opposition the EU financial policy;

[Skiadas2-4] [4]
Andranik Tangian. 14: Visualizing the Political Spectrum of Germany by Contiguously Ordering the Party Policy Profiles. Christos H. Skiadas & James R. Bozeman (編). Data Analysis and Applications 2: Utilization of Results in Europe and Other Topics 3. Wiley. 2019. ISBN 9781119579533. FREIE WAHLER (Free Voters) founded in 2009, a party of opposition the EU financial policy;

[5] [5]
Laurenz Gehrke. The thorn in conservative Germany's side. Politico. August 27, 2021 [2024-06-07]. （原始內容存檔於2023-09-24）.

[6] [6]
EU Elections in Germany: which minor parties will make it? （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Europe Elects, May 11, 2019.

[7] [7]
The thorn in conservative Germany's side. POLITICO. 2021-08-27 [2023-04-15]. （原始內容存檔於2023-09-24）（英語）.

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