質子化氧氣

質子化氧氣
	IUPAC名; oxooxidanium
別名	Hydroperoxy cation; Hydridodioxygen(1+); Dioxidenium; dioxidanylium
識別
CAS號	71722-67-3
PubChem	5460577
ChemSpider	4574078
SMILES	[OH+]=O;
Gmelin	508
ChEBI	29793
性質
化學式	HO+; 2
摩爾質量	33.005 g·mol⁻¹
	若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

質子化氧氣是一種離子，分子式為HO+
2。含氫物質燃燒時會生成這個離子。它存在於電離層，以及含有氧和氫的等離子體中。^[2]在超強酸中，O₂可能會先產生質子化氧氣，再將物質氧化。

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質子化氧氣是氧氣的共軛酸。氧氣（O₂）的質子親和能（英語：proton affinity）為4.4 eV。^[3]

在檢測太空中的氧氣時，質子化氧氣很有幫助。由於地球大氣層充滿O₂，人們在地上無法觀察到空間物體的光譜。然而，HO+
2應該更容易被發現。^[4]

二氧基陽離子（O+
2）與氫的反應：^[5]

O+•
2 + H₂ → HO+
2 + H^•

三氫陽離子與氧氣的反應大致上是等溫過程：^[3]

O₂ + H+
3 → HO+
2 + H₂

當原子氫在放電過程中產生，然後被氧氣迅速冷卻並在固體氖凝固時，它會產生幾種活性離子和分子，包括HO₂（超氧化氫）、HOHOH⁻、H₂O(HO)、HOHO⁻和HO+
2。^[6]這個反應還會生成過氧化氫（H₂O₂）和四氧化氫（H₂O₄）。^[7]

已知存在氦絡合物（He–O₂H⁺）。^[8]

HO+
2可以與氫氣迅速反應：^[9]

HO+
2 + H₂ → O₂ + H+
3

HO+
2也會與氮氣和水反應：^[9]

HO+
2 + H₂O → O₂ + H₃O⁺

質子化氧氣二聚體（HO+
4）的能量比質子化氧氣的低。^[3]

[1]
HO2+. webbook.nist.gov. [2022-12-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-19）（英語）.
[2]
Robbe, J.M.; Monnerville, M.; Chambaud, G.; Rosmus, P.; Knowles, P.J. Theoretical spectroscopic data of the HO+
2 ion. Chemical Physics. January 2000, 252 (1–2): 9–16. Bibcode:2000CP....252....9R. doi:10.1016/S0301-0104(99)00350-X.
[3]
Xavier, George D.; Bernal-Uruchurtu, Margarita I.; Hernández-Lamoneda, Ramón. Communication: study of O₄H⁺: A tracer molecule in the interstellar medium?. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 28 August 2014, 141 (8): 081101. PMID 25172995. doi:10.1063/1.4894068.
[4]
Widicus Weaver, Susanna L.; Woon, David E.; Ruscic, Branko; McCall, Benjamin J. Is HO+
2 a Detectable Interstellar Molecule?. The Astrophysical Journal. 20 May 2009, 697 (1): 601–609. Bibcode:2009ApJ...697..601W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/697/1/601 .
[5]
Ajello, J. M. Formation of HO+
2 by reaction of metastable O+
2 ions with H₂. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1974, 60 (4): 1211–1213. Bibcode:1974JChPh..60.1211A. doi:10.1063/1.1681184.
[6]
Jacox, Marilyn E.; Thompson, Warren E. Infrared Spectra of Products of the Reaction of H Atoms with O2 Trapped in Solid Neon: HO₂, HO+
2, HOHOH⁻, and H₂O(HO). The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 24 December 2012, 117 (39): 9380–9390. PMID 23215001. doi:10.1021/jp310849s.
[7]
Levanov, A. V.; Isaikina, O. Ya.; Antipenko, E. E.; Lunin, V. V. Mechanism of the formation of hydrogen tetroxide and peroxide via low-temperature interaction between hydrogen atoms and molecular oxygen. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 5 August 2014, 88 (9): 1488–1492. Bibcode:2014RJPCA..88.1488L. S2CID 97672680. doi:10.1134/S0036024414090222.
[8]
Kohguchi, Hiroshi; Jusko, Pavol; Yamada, Koichi M. T.; Schlemmer, Stephan; Asvany, Oskar. High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of O₂H⁺ in a cryogenic ion trap. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 14 April 2018, 148 (14): 144303. Bibcode:2018JChPh.148n4303K. PMID 29655341. doi:10.1063/1.5023633.
[9]
Kluge, Lars; Gärtner, Sabrina; Brünken, Sandra; Asvany, Oskar; Gerlich, Dieter; Schlemmer, Stephan. Transfer of a proton between H₂ and O₂. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 13 November 2012, 370 (1978): 5041–5054. Bibcode:2012RSPTA.370.5041K. PMID 23028152. doi:10.1098/rsta.2012.0170 .

[1] [1]
HO2+. webbook.nist.gov. [2022-12-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-19）（英語）.

[Robbe000-2] [2]
Robbe, J.M.; Monnerville, M.; Chambaud, G.; Rosmus, P.; Knowles, P.J. Theoretical spectroscopic data of the HO+
2 ion. Chemical Physics. January 2000, 252 (1–2): 9–16. Bibcode:2000CP....252....9R. doi:10.1016/S0301-0104(99)00350-X.

[xav-3] [3]
Xavier, George D.; Bernal-Uruchurtu, Margarita I.; Hernández-Lamoneda, Ramón. Communication: study of O₄H⁺: A tracer molecule in the interstellar medium?. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 28 August 2014, 141 (8): 081101. PMID 25172995. doi:10.1063/1.4894068.

[4] [4]
Widicus Weaver, Susanna L.; Woon, David E.; Ruscic, Branko; McCall, Benjamin J. Is HO+
2 a Detectable Interstellar Molecule?. The Astrophysical Journal. 20 May 2009, 697 (1): 601–609. Bibcode:2009ApJ...697..601W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/697/1/601 .

[Ajello74-5] [5]
Ajello, J. M. Formation of HO+
2 by reaction of metastable O+
2 ions with H₂. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1974, 60 (4): 1211–1213. Bibcode:1974JChPh..60.1211A. doi:10.1063/1.1681184.

[6] [6]
Jacox, Marilyn E.; Thompson, Warren E. Infrared Spectra of Products of the Reaction of H Atoms with O2 Trapped in Solid Neon: HO₂, HO+
2, HOHOH⁻, and H₂O(HO). The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 24 December 2012, 117 (39): 9380–9390. PMID 23215001. doi:10.1021/jp310849s.

[7] [7]
Levanov, A. V.; Isaikina, O. Ya.; Antipenko, E. E.; Lunin, V. V. Mechanism of the formation of hydrogen tetroxide and peroxide via low-temperature interaction between hydrogen atoms and molecular oxygen. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 5 August 2014, 88 (9): 1488–1492. Bibcode:2014RJPCA..88.1488L. S2CID 97672680. doi:10.1134/S0036024414090222.

[kohg-8] [8]
Kohguchi, Hiroshi; Jusko, Pavol; Yamada, Koichi M. T.; Schlemmer, Stephan; Asvany, Oskar. High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of O₂H⁺ in a cryogenic ion trap. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 14 April 2018, 148 (14): 144303. Bibcode:2018JChPh.148n4303K. PMID 29655341. doi:10.1063/1.5023633.

[klug-9] [9]
Kluge, Lars; Gärtner, Sabrina; Brünken, Sandra; Asvany, Oskar; Gerlich, Dieter; Schlemmer, Stephan. Transfer of a proton between H₂ and O₂. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 13 November 2012, 370 (1978): 5041–5054. Bibcode:2012RSPTA.370.5041K. PMID 23028152. doi:10.1098/rsta.2012.0170 .

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質子化氧氣

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重要性

形成

反應

相關化合物

參考文獻

質子化氧氣

IUPAC名 oxooxidanium
別名	Hydroperoxy cation; Hydridodioxygen(1+); Dioxidenium; dioxidanylium
識別
CAS號	71722-67-3 ^[1]
PubChem	5460577
ChemSpider	4574078
SMILES	[OH+]=O
Gmelin	508
ChEBI	29793
性質
化學式	HO+ 2
摩爾質量	33.005 g·mol⁻¹
若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。