到20世紀末,海洋已吸收全球變暖約90%的熱量,與燃燒化石燃料累積排放二氧化碳的50%,對海洋生物的影響也變得越來越重要,其間的權衡取捨變得更為清晰。至2003年,在籌劃2004年於巴黎召開"首屆高二氧化碳世界海洋研討會(First Symposium on the Ocean in a High-CO2 World)"之時,全球已有許多有關海洋酸化的新研究成果被發表。[171]
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