透螺科（學名：Diaphanidae）是生物分類學上一個微小海螺的分類單元，是頭楯目之下一個海洋腹足綱軟體動物的科[2][3]。舊屬透螺總科（學名：Diaphanoidea），現時是盒螺總科之下的成員[1]。
Quick Facts 透螺科, 科學分類 ...
透螺科
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科學分類 
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| 界：
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動物界 Animalia
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| 門：
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軟體動物門 Mollusca
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| 綱：
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腹足綱 Gastropoda
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| 演化支：
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真後鰓類 Euopisthobranchia
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| 目：
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頭楯目 Cephalaspidea
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| 總科：
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盒螺總科 Cylichnoidea
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| 屬：
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透螺科 Diaphanidae
Odhner, 1914 (1857)
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| 異名[1]
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- Amphisphyridae Gray, 1857
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本科物種見於海水溫度比較冰冷的地方，例如：北極地區、南極洲、澳大利亞及新西蘭。
透螺科物種的螺殻微小、薄而且脆，一般透明或半透明，通常都小於5 mm in size。整體來說，螺殻呈卵形、梨形或球莖形。殻頂凹陷。
根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，透螺科是透螺總科的成員，包括下列兩個科：
而透螺科由兩個亞科組成，包括下列各屬：
透螺亞科（Diaphaninae）包括下列各屬：
- Genus Austrodiaphana Henry Augustus Pilsbry, 1893
- Austrodiaphan brazieri George French Angas, 1877：見於西澳大利亞州，體長8 mm。
- Austrodiaphana colei Fleming, 1948
- Austrodiaphana flemingi Arthur William Baden Powell, 1952：見於紐西蘭
- Austrodiaphana maunganuica Arthur William Baden Powell, 1952：見於紐西蘭。
- Genus Colobocephalus Michael Sars, 1870
- Colobocephalus costellatus, Michael Sars, 1870
- Colobocephalus striatulus Monterosato ex Jeffreys, 1874
- Genus Colpodaspis Michael Sars, 1870 (incertae sedis) The sole of the foot contains a gland that secretes a mucous fluid, which helps the little animal to stay attached to stems and algae.
- Colpodaspis punctata Clark, 1837
- Distribution : Mediterranean
- Colpodaspis pusilla Michael Sars, 1870：見於挪威南部、大不列顛島及愛爾蘭島西部
- Length : 5 mm
- Description : the bubble shell is completely enclosed by the mantle; two prominent rhinophores on the head, leading to a groove along each side of the head; right posterior siphon
- Colpodaspis thompsoni Brown, 1979
- Distribution : tropical 印度洋-太平洋海域, 沖繩縣, 聖誕島
- Length : 3 mm
- Description : black sea slug with yellow warts on a white background; the 外套膜 encloses the bubble-shaped fragile shell; there is a pair of enrolled rhinophores on the head; the eyes are the two black spots on the head, just in front of the shell;
- Genus Diaphana Brown, 1827
- Diaphana abyssalis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : Western 大西洋
- Diaphana anderssoni H. Strebel, 1908
- Diaphana caribaea Espinosa, J., J.Ortea & J.Magaña, 2001
- Distribution : 古巴
- Length : 2 mm
- Diaphana cretica
- Distribution : Mediterranean
- Diaphana expansa (Jeffreys, 1864)
- Distribution : Norway to the 錫利群島.
- Diaphana floridana W.H. Dall, 1927
- Distribution : Georgia
- Length : 4 mm
- Diaphana globosa Lovén, 1846
- Distribution : 斯堪的納維亞
- Length : 4 mm
- Diaphana haini Linse, K. & T. Schiøtte, 2002
- Distribution : 南極洲
- Length : 2.2 mm
- Diaphana hiemalis (Couthouy, J.P., 1839) (synonym of Diaphana minuta)
- Diaphana inflata (Strebel, H., 1908)
- Distribution : South Georgia
- Length : 2.4 mm
- Diaphana lactea Jeffreys, 1877
- Distribution : Mediterranean, Norway
- Diaphana lottae K.J. Bush, 1893
- Distribution : 北卡羅來納州
- Length : 8.5 mm
- Diaphana makarovi G.B. Gorbunov, 1946
- Distribution : East Greenland
- Length : 3 mm
- Diaphana mauretaniensis T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Distribution : Mauretania
- Diaphana minuta Brown, 1827
- Distribution : Greenland, Scandinavia, Iceland, 蘇格蘭, North 西班牙 down to the Canaries and the Mediterranean, 麻薩諸塞州.
- Length: 5.8 mm
- Description : found in sandy bottoms from the low tide level to a depth of 350 m; thin, fragile, smooth, cylindrical shell with convex whorl (mollusc)s. The body whorl is prominent. Minute apex. Deep suture (gastropod) between the whorls. Deep umbilicus (mollusk).
- Diaphana pacifica T. Schiøtte, 1998
- Diaphana paessleri H. Strebel, 1905
- Diaphana pfefferi H. Strebel, 1905
- Distribution : South Georgia
- Length : 2.9 mm
- Diaphana quadrata
- Distribution : Mmediterranean
- Diaphana seguenzae R.B. Watson, 1886
- Distribution : NE 巴西
- Length : 3.8 mm
- Genus Newnesia Edgar Albert Smith, 1902 (incertae sedis)
- Newnesia antarctica Edgar Albert Smith, 1902
- Newnesia sphinx Strebel H., 1908
- Distribution : Paulet Insel (Antarctic Peninsula)
- Length : 24.8 mm
- Genus Rhinodiaphana Lemche, 1967
- Rhinodiaphana ventricosa Jeffreys, 1865
- Genus Woodbridgea Berry, 1953
- Woodbridgea polystrigma W.H. Dall, 1908 Furrowed Paper-bubble
- Woodbridgea williamsi S.S. Berry, 1953
- Distribution : West-America
- Bogasonia Warén, 1989
- Bogasonia gorjachevi Chaban, 1998 - Distribution: 千島群島.
- Bogasonia volutoides Warén, 1989 - Distribution: 冰島. Found at depths between 100–200 m.
- Toledonia Dall, 1902
截至2018年8月24日 (2018-08-24)[update]，WoRMS紀錄透螺科之下只餘下透螺亞科的透螺屬之下[1]：
- 透螺亞科 Diaphaninae Odhner, 1914 (1857)
- 透螺屬 Diaphana T. Brown, 1827
- == Amphisphyra Lovén, 1846
- == Austrodiaphana Pilsbry, 1893
- == Physema H. Adams & A. Adams, 1858
- == Prodiaphana Chaban, 1996
Bouchet P. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 編. Diaphanidae Odhner, 1914 (1857). MolluscaBase. 2017-01-19 [2018-08-23] –透過WoRMS.
