萹蓄属（学名：Polygonum），也称蓼属，是蓼科的原本的一个属，包含各种草本植物。其分类有一定争议，其下种在65[1]到300之间[2]。该属的种现已经分入拳参属、荞麦属、何首乌属、春蓼属、冰岛蓼属、虎杖属等属。
蓼的叶子为披针形，花为淡红色或绿色。果实成卵形，扁形。茎叶有辣味。种类很多，大多生长在水边，有何首乌、水蓼、红蓼、扛板归等。全草可以入药，而叶或茎则可拿来作染料使用，但其作为靛青染料之原料实为是相当浅的蓝色，故往往再经由不同的提炼技术变化出多样染法。
属名Polygonum源于希腊语polys（多的）和gonu（膝盖）的合成词，指本属植物茎具膨大的节。
下属物种
本属包括以下物种：[3]
- 松叶蓼 Polygonum acerosum
- 灰绿蓼 Polygonum acetosum
- 密穗蓼 Polygonum affine
- 阿扬蓼 Polygonum ajanense
- 狐尾蓼 Polygonum alopecuroides
- 高山蓼 Polygonum alpinum
- 两栖蓼 Polygonum amphibium
- 抱茎蓼 Polygonum amplexicaule
- 狭叶蓼 Polygonum angustifolium
- 伏地蓼 Polygonum arenastrum
- 帚蓼 Polygonum argyrocoleum
- 阿萨姆蓼 Polygonum assamicum
- 萹蓄 Polygonum aviculare
- 毛蓼 Polygonum barbatum
- 双凸戟叶蓼 Polygonum biconvexum
- 拳参 Polygonum bistorta
- 柳叶刺蓼 Polygonum bungeanum
- 长梗蓼 Polygonum calostachyum
- 钟花蓼 Polygonum campanulatum
- 头花蓼 Polygonum capitatum
- 华蓼 Polygonum cathayanum
- 火炭母 Polygonum chinense
- 岩蓼 Polygonum cognatum
- 革叶蓼 Polygonum coriaceum
- 白花蓼 Polygonum coriarium
- 蓼子草 Polygonum criopolitanum
- 蓝药蓼 Polygonum cyanandrum
- 大箭叶蓼 Polygonum darrisii
- 小叶蓼 Polygonum delicatulum
- 二歧蓼 Polygonum dichotomum
- 稀花蓼 Polygonum dissitiflorum
- 叉分蓼 Polygonum divaricatum
- 椭圆叶蓼 Polygonum ellipticum
- 匐枝蓼 Polygonum emodi
- 青藏蓼 Polygonum fertile
- 细茎蓼 Polygonum filicaule
- 多叶蓼 Polygonum foliosum
- 大铜钱叶蓼 Polygonum forrestii
- 光蓼 Polygonum glabrum
- 冰川蓼 Polygonum glaciale
- 长箭叶蓼 Polygonum hastatosagittatum
- 河南蓼 Polygonum honanense
- 硬毛蓼 Polygonum hookeri
- 华南蓼 Polygonum huananense
- 普通蓼 Polygonum humifusum
- 矮蓼 Polygonum humile
- 水蓼 Polygonum hydropiper
- 圆叶蓼 Polygonum intramongolicum
- 蚕茧草 Polygonum japonicum
- 愉悦蓼 Polygonum jucundum
- 酸模叶蓼 Polygonum lapathifolium
- 辽东蓼 Polygonum liaotungense
- 丽江蓼 Polygonum lichiangense
- 污泥蓼 Polygonum limicola
- 谷地蓼 Polygonum limosum
- 长鬃蓼 Polygonum longisetum
- 长戟叶蓼 Polygonum maackianum
- 圆穗蓼 Polygonum macrophyllum
- 耳叶蓼 Polygonum manshuriense
- 小头蓼 Polygonum microcephalum
- 大海蓼 Polygonum milletii
- 柔茎蓼 Polygonum minus
- 绢毛蓼 Polygonum molle
- 丝茎蓼 Polygonum molliiforme
- 小蓼花 Polygonum muricatum
- 尼泊尔蓼 Polygonum nepalense
- 铜钱叶蓼 Polygonum nummularifolium
- 倒根蓼 Polygonum ochotense
- 白山蓼 Polygonum ocreatum
- 红蓼 Polygonum orientale
- 太平洋蓼 Polygonum pacificum
- 草血竭 Polygonum paleaceum
- 掌叶蓼 Polygonum palmatum
- 湿地蓼 Polygonum paralimicola
- 线叶蓼 Polygonum paronychioides
- 展枝蓼 Polygonum patulum
- 杠板归 Polygonum perfoliatum
- 春蓼 Polygonum persicaria
- 松林蓼 Polygonum pinetorum
- 宽叶蓼 Polygonum platyphyllum
- 习见蓼 Polygonum plebeium
- 针叶蓼 Polygonum polycnemoides
- 多穗蓼 Polygonum polystachyum
- 库车蓼 Polygonum popovii
- 丛枝蓼 Polygonum posumbu
- 疏蓼 Polygonum praetermissum
- 伏毛蓼 Polygonum pubescens
- 丽蓼 Polygonum pulchrum
- 紫脉蓼 Polygonum purpureonervosum
- 尖果蓼 Polygonum rigidum
- 羽叶蓼 Polygonum runcinatum
- 新疆蓼 Polygonum schischkinii
- 刺蓼 Polygonum senticosum
- 深圳蓼 Polygonum shenzhenense
- 西伯利亚蓼 Polygonum sibiricum
- 箭叶蓼 Polygonum sieboldii
- 翅柄蓼 Polygonum sinomontanum
- 准噶尔蓼 Polygonum songaricum
- 柔毛蓼 Polygonum sparsipilosum
- 糙毛蓼 Polygonum strigosum
- 平卧蓼 Polygonum strindbergii
- 大理蓼 Polygonum subscaposum
- 珠芽支柱蓼 Polygonum suffultoides
- 支柱蓼 Polygonum suffultum
- 细叶蓼 Polygonum taquetii
- Polygonum tenellum
- 戟叶蓼 Polygonum thunbergii
- 西藏蓼 Polygonum tibeticum
- 蓼蓝 Polygonum tinctorium
- 叉枝蓼 Polygonum tortuosum
- 荫地蓼 Polygonum umbrosum
- 乌饭树叶蓼 Polygonum vaccinifolium
- 粘蓼 Polygonum viscoferum
- 香蓼 Polygonum viscosum
- 珠芽蓼 Polygonum viviparum
- 球序蓼 Polygonum wallichii
参考文献
延伸阅读
外部链结
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