安德烈·冈德·法兰克(英语:Andre Gunder Frank;1929年2月24日—2005年4月25日),是美国德裔社会学家和经济史学家。1970年,法兰克主张相互依赖理论。1984年后,法兰克提出世界体系理论。
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法兰克,出生在德国的犹太家庭。[1] 父母是和平主义作家莱昂哈德·法兰克(Leonhard Frank),和他的第二任妻子埃琳娜·马克恩·彭斯维尔(Elena Maqenne Penswehr)。纳粹上台时,法兰克全家逃离德国,前往瑞士。1941年,法兰克全家又移民美国。1950年,法兰克自斯沃斯莫尔学院取得经济学学士。 [2] 1957年,在芝加哥大学获得经济学博士。法兰克的博士论文是针对苏联的农业,题为〈乌克兰农业的增长和生产力:1928-1955〉。讽刺的是,其论文导师是自由市场支持者米尔顿·弗里德曼(Milton Friedman)。
1950年代至1960年代初期,法兰克在美国大学任教。 1962年,移居拉丁美洲。在此期间,法兰克在智利大学担任社会学和经济学教授,参与萨尔瓦多·阿连德的社会主义改革。1973年,阿连德政府遭政变推翻后,法兰克逃往欧洲。1981年到1994年退休为止,法兰克一直担任阿姆斯特丹大学发展经济学教授。
法兰克与傅恩蒂丝(Marta Fuentes)结婚,育有两子。夫妇共同撰写几篇关于社会运动的研究。1993年6月,其妻傅恩蒂丝于阿姆斯特丹去世。第二任妻子是社会学家Nancy Howell:与她结婚时,他们住在多伦多。2005年,法兰克在他第三任妻子艾莉森的照顾下死于癌症。
法兰克的研究领域涉及人类学、经济学、地理学、历史学、国际关系、政治学和社会学等。法兰克撰写了大量研究关于世界体系、发达国家,尤其是第三世界和拉丁美洲的经济、社会和政治历史和当代发展。法兰克虽使用马克思主义的理论,但未接受马克思的历史阶段论。
1990年代,法兰克研究重心是世界历史。受自己在里加斯德哥尔摩经济学院(SSE Riga)的演讲启发,他重新开始分析千禧年的全球政治经济。2006年,在弗里德里希·艾伯特基金会的支持下,里加斯德哥尔摩经济学院收到了法兰克的个人藏书,并以他的名义设立了“安德烈·冈德·法兰克纪念图书馆”。
法兰克最著名的作品,是1967年的《拉丁美洲资本主义与经济落后》(Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America),是形成相互依赖理论的作品之一。
晚年,他重要作品有《白银资本︰重视经济全球化中的东方》(ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age),及与 巴里·吉尔斯(Barry Gills)合著的《世界体系:五百年或五千年》(The World System: Five Hundred Years or Five Thousand)。法兰克的理论集中在这样一种地理决定论上:一国的经济实力取决于历史环境——尤其是地理因素——决定了它的全球实力。法兰克认为纯粹以出口为导向的发展解决方案实不利穷国。法兰克的另一项学术成就在世界体系理论。他认为世界体系的形成不迟于公元前4000年;他的论点相左于沃勒斯坦等认为起源于“漫长的 16 世纪”的想法。法兰克为,“数个”世界系统的想法没有多大意义,如果世界上有许多“世界系统”,那么那些“世界系统”根本不配被称为“世界系统”,应该只谈论一个单一的世界体系。
- (1966) The Development of Underdevelopment. Monthly Review Press.
- (1967) Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America. Monthly Review Press.
- (1969) Latin America: Underdevelopment or Revolution. Monthly Review Press.
- (1971) Lumpenburguesía : Lumpendesarrollo (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). México : Era. OCLC 1024642474 (Spanish)
- (1972) Lumpenbourgeoisie, Lumpendevelopment. Monthly Review Press. (tr. Marion Davis Berdecio) OCLC 485427642
- (1975) On Capitalist Underdevelopment. Bombay: Oxford University Press.
- (1976) Economic Genocide in Chile. Equilibrium on the point of a bayonet. Nottingham, UK: Spokesman.
- (1978) World Accumulation, 1492–1789. Monthly Review Press.
- (1978) Dependent Accumulation and Underdevelopment. Monthly Review Press.[3]
- (1979) Mexican Agriculture 1521-1630: Transformation of the Mode of Production. Cambridge University Press.
- (1980) Crisis: In the World Economy. New York: Holmes & Meier.
- (1981) Crisis: In the Third World. New York: Holmes & Meier.
- (1981) Reflections on the World Economic Crisis. Monthly Review Press.
- (1982) Dynamics of Global Crisis, with S. Amin, G. Arrighi and I. Wallerstein. Monthly Review Press.
- (1983) The European Challenge. Nottingham, UK: Spokesman.
- (1984) Critique and Anti-Critique. New York: Praeger.
- (1996) The World System: Five Hundred Years or Five Thousand? with Barry K. Gills, Routledge.
- (1998) ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- (2013) ReOrienting the 19th Century: Global Economy in the Continuing Asian Age, with Robert A. Denemark, Paradigm Publishers.
- (1958) "General Productivity in Soviet Agriculture and Industry," Journal of Political Economy
- (1958) "Goal Ambiguity and Conflicting Standards: An approach to the study of organization," Human Organization
- (1977) "Long Live Transideological Enterprise: the socialist economies in the capitalist international division of labor," Review: A Journal of the Fernand Braudel Center
- (1989) "Ten Theses on Social Movements," with M. Fuentes, World Development
- (1990) "Theoretical Introduction to Five Thousand Years of World System History," Review: A Journal of the Fernand Braudel Center
- (1992) "Third World War: A Political Economy of the Gulf War and New World Order," Third World Quarterly 13(2).
- (1994) "Is Real World Socialism Possible?," Democracy & Nature, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 152–175
- (1990) "Civil Democracy, Social Movements in World History," with M. Fuentes. In Amin et al., Transforming the Revolution.
- (1990) "Revolution in Eastern Europe: Lessons for democratic socialist movements (and socialists)." In Tabb, ed., Future of Socialism.
- (1992) "The Underdevelopment of Development," with M.F. Frank. In Savoie, D.J. and I. Brecher, eds., Equity and Efficiency in Economic Development. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
- (2001) "The Global Economy, AD 1400-1800: Comparisons and Relations." In Suneja, V., ed., Understanding Business: Markets. A Multidimensional Approach to the Market Economy. London: Routledge.
Frank, Andre Gunder. Library Online Catalogue. German Historical Institute London. [20 May 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-28).
- Chew, Sing C. & Robert Denemark, eds. 1996. The Underdevelopment of Development: Essays in Honor of Andre Gunder Frank. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Duchesne, Ricardo, "Between Sinocentrism and Eurocentrism: Debating A.G. Frank's Re-Orient," Science & Society, Vol. 65, No. 4, 2001/2002, pp. 428–463
- Wallerstein, Immanuel, "Remembering Andre Gunder Frank," History Workshop Journal, Volume 61, Number 1, 2006, pp. 305–306(2), Oxford University Press
- Gills, Barry, "In Memoriam: Andre Gunder Frank (24 February 1929 to 23 April 2005)," Globalizations, Volume 2, Number 1, May 2005, pp. 1–4(4), Routledge
- Alberto Castrillón M, "In memoriam. André Gunder Frank (1929-2005)," Revista de Economía Institucional, Vol. 7 (2005) 273-278
- Gregory Shank, "In Memoriam: Remembering Andre Gunder Frank (February 24, 1929, to April 23, 2005)," (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Social Justice, Vol. 32, No. 2 (2005). Retrieved 30.12.2017.
- Andre Gunder Frank (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) website
- David Landes; Andre Gunder
- Frank; Economic History Debate on C-SPAN2 (Northeastern University World History Center, 1998-12-02)
- Samir Amin, A Note on the Death of André Gunder Frank (1929-2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Monthly Review, April 2005.
- Theotonio dos Santos, André Gunder Frank (1929-2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Monthly Review, May 2005.
- Andre Gunder Frank (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), The Times, May 25, 2005
- Andre Gunder Frank (1929-2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Andre Gunder Frank : 'Prophet in the Wilderness' (1929 -2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Jeff Sommers, "The Contradictions of a Contrarian: Andre Gunder Frank", Social Justice, Vol.32, No.2 (2005).
- Andre Gunder Frank Audio Collection at the International Institute of Social History