达那唑

达那唑（Danazol）为一种用于治疗子宫内膜异位症、乳腺小叶增生、遗传性血管性水肿（英语：hereditary angioedema）及其他疾病的药物^{[8][1][10][11][12]}，主要经口服给药^[1]。

达那唑

临床资料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Danatrol, Danocrine, Danol, Danoval, others
其他名称	WIN-17757; 2,3-Isoxazolethisterone; 2,3-Isoxazol-17α-ethynyltestosterone; 17α-Ethynyl-17β-hydroxyandrost-4-en-[2,3-d]isoxazole
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682599
怀孕分级	澳: D
给药途径	口服给药
药物类别（英语：Drug class）	雄激素、同化类固醇、黄体制剂、孕激素、抗促性腺激素（英语：Antigonadotropin）、固醇类合成抑制剂（英语：Steroidogenesis inhibitor）、抗动情素药物（英语：Antiestrogen）
ATC码	G03XA01 (WHO)
法律规范状态
法律规范	澳：限医生处方（S4） 加：处方药（℞-only） 英：处方药（℞-only） (POM) 美：处方药（℞-only）
药物动力学数据
生物利用度	Saturable with dosage, higher with food intake[1]
血浆蛋白结合率	会与白蛋白（英语：human serum albumin）、SHBG, CBG结合[2][3][4]
药物代谢	肝脏（CYP3A4）[8][5][9][1][6]
代谢产物	• 2-OHM-Ethisterone[5] • Ethisterone[6][7]
生物半衰期	Acute: 3–10 hours[8][1] Chronic: 24–26 hours[8]
排泄途径	尿、粪便[8][1]
识别信息
IUPAC命名法 (1S,2R,13R,14S,17R,18S)-17-ethynyl-2,18-dimethyl-7-oxa-6-azapentacyclo[11.7.0.02,10.04,8.014,18]icosa-4(8),5,9-trien-17-ol
CAS号	17230-88-5  Y
PubChem CID	28417
IUPHAR/BPS	6942
DrugBank	DB01406 Y
ChemSpider	26436 Y
UNII	N29QWW3BUO
KEGG	D00289 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:4315 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1479 Y
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID2022880
ECHA InfoCard	100.037.503
化学信息
化学式	C22H27NO2
摩尔质量	337.463 g/mol
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像
SMILES C[C@]12CC[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@]2(C#C)O)CCC4=CC5=C(C[C@]34C)C=NO5
InChI InChI=1S/C22H27NO2/c1-4-22(24)10-8-18-16-6-5-15-11-19-14(13-23-25-19)12-20(15,2)17(16)7-9-21(18,22)3/h1,11,13,16-18,24H,5-10,12H2,2-3H3/t16-,17+,18+,20+,21+,22+/m1/s1 Y Key:POZRVZJJTULAOH-LHZXLZLDSA-N Y

达那唑具有雄性化的副作用，使其用途大受限制。常见不良反应包含痤疮、多毛症，以及声音变低沉^[1][13]。达那唑的作用机转复杂，同时具有弱雄激素、弱同化类固醇、弱孕激素，弱抗促性腺激素（英语：Antigonadotropin）、弱固醇类合成抑制剂（英语：steroidogenesis inhibitor），以及功能性抗动情素药物（英语：Antiestrogen）^{[4][9][14][9][14][15]}。

达那唑发现于1963年，并于1971年应用于医学^{[9][16][17][18]}。随着副作用更少的性腺激素释放素类似物（英语：gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue）应用逐渐广泛，达那唑在治疗子宫内膜异位症的角色已被前者所取代^[3]。

参考文献

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延伸阅读

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