2021年喀布尔机场袭击事件

2021年喀布尔机场袭击事件
2021年喀布尔机场袭击事件
塔利班－伊斯兰国冲突的一部分
	2021年喀布尔国际机场撤侨行动期间的美国空军
位置	阿富汗喀布尔哈米德·卡尔扎伊国际机场; Baron Hotel
坐标	34°33′31″N 69°13′13″E
日期	2021年8月26日; 17:50（UTC+04:30）
目标	阿富汗公民、外国军队、塔利班成员
类型	自杀攻击、群体枪击案
死亡	182+
受伤	150+
主谋	伊斯兰国呼罗珊省
行凶者	Abd al-Rahman al-Logari

2021年喀布尔机场袭击事件发生于撤侨行动期间的2021年8月26日阿富汗时间17:50（协调世界时13:20）^[8]，阿富汗哈米德·卡尔扎伊国际机场附近发生自杀式爆炸，之后几十米之外又发生第二次爆炸。（美方后来认为仅有一次爆炸）^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]至少182人在袭击中丧生，其中包括62名阿富汗平民、28名塔利班成员、13名美国军人^[13]和3名英国公民^[14]。这是自2020年2月以来美军在阿富汗首次出现伤亡，^[15]伤者中至少有18名美军人员。^[16]

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伊斯兰国呼罗珊省宣布对此次袭击事件负责^[17]。塔利班发言人和阿富汗全国联盟领导人阿卜杜拉·阿卜杜拉谴责了这次袭击，多个国家^{[注 1]}对袭击表示谴责，并声援受害者和在机场进行疏散的部队，欧洲联盟委员会和联合国也同样谴责了这次袭击。美国总统乔·拜登发表讲话表示承诺要追究肇事者的责任，让他们“付出代价”^[33]。8月27日，美国军方宣布使用无人机定点清除一名喀布尔机场爆炸袭击的策划者和一名推动者，另有一人受伤^[34]^[35]。8月29日，美国又在阿富汗对认定的伊斯兰国目标发动空袭，造成包括7名儿童在内的10人死亡^[36]^[37]^[38]。9月，美国为误杀平民道歉^[39]。12月，美国国防部决定不会处罚与误杀平民有关的军事人员。^[40]

2022年2月4日，美国国防部认为喀布尔机场的爆炸是由一名单独的炸弹袭击者引起。^[41]CNN认为美国军方的调查有局限性，因为他们没有与任何阿富汗医院员工以及阿富汗平民交流。CNN表示有多名现场目击者提到爆炸发生后不久有士兵向民众开枪。一位专业人士对CNN表示根据爆炸后周围墙壁的损坏表明炸弹的威力可能没有那么大。^[42]

[注 1]
包括：中华民国^[18]、中华人民共和国^[19]、美国、英国、德国、加拿大^[20]、澳大利亚^[21]、法国^[22]、丹麦^[23]、芬兰^[24]、土耳其^[25]、印度^[26]、马来西亚^[27]、新西兰^[28]、挪威^[29]、波兰^[30]、罗马尼亚^[31]、俄罗斯^[32]、伊朗等

[1]
Officials: Explosion at Kabul airport appears to be a suicide attack. CNN. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.
[2]
Seligman, Laura; Ward, Alexander; Desiderio, Andrew; Lippman, Daniel; McLeary, Paul. 13 U.S. troops killed in ISIS attacks on Kabul airport. Politco. Capitol News Company, LLC. [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）. An ISIS militant wearing a suicide vest was responsible for the first bombing, two U.S. officials and a person familiar with the matter told POLITICO, detonating around 5 p.m. local time just outside Abbey Gate. ISIS gunmen then opened fire on the crowd. Three sources said U.S. troops returned fire soon after.
[3]
US forces keep up Kabul airlift under threat of more attacks. Associated Press. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.
[4]
Varshalomidze, Tamila; Siddiqui, Usaid. Taliban says several killed in explosions outside Kabul airport. Al Jazeera. [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.
[5]
ISIS claims responsibility for suicide bombings in Kabul killing 12 US troops, over 70 civilians. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.
[6]
Islamic State claims responsibility for deadly Kabul airport attack. Reuters. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.
[7]
Islamic State claims responsibility for Kabul airport blasts. The Guardian. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）.
[8]
Kabul explosions: US service members and Afghan civilians killed in Islamic State suicide bombings. 欧洲新闻台. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.
[9]
美国防部：喀布尔机场爆炸为单一引爆者所为. [2021-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-29）.
[10]
Pasko, Simcha. Suicide bombing kills, injures several at Kabul airport. The Jerusalem Post. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.
[11]
Large Explosion Reported Outside Kabul Airport. The Daily Beast. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.
[12]
Blast reported outside Hamid Karzai International Airport in Kabul. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.
[13]
Trofimov, Yaroslav; Youssef, Nancy A.; Rasmussen, Sune Engel. Kabul Airport Attack Kills 13 U.S. Service Members, at Least 90 Afghans. Wall Street Journal. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.
[14]
Siddiqui, Tamila Varshalomidze,Ted Regencia,Usaid. US warns of ‘credible’ threats of more Kabul airport attacks. www.aljazeera.com. [2021-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）（英语）.
[15]
Afghanistan: US to complete evacuations despite attack, says Biden. BBC News. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.
[16]
Explosion outside Kabul airport. BBC. 2021-08-25 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.
[17]
Brown, Matthew. Latest from Afghanistan: U.S. personnel among casualties after explosions at Kabul airport. USA TODAY. [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（美国英语）.
[18]
中华民国外交部亚西及非洲司. 外交部嚴正譴責阿富汗首都喀布爾機場恐怖攻擊事件，並向傷亡者致以誠摯慰問與哀悼. 2021-08-27 [2021-09-03]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-17）（中文（台湾））.
[19]
陈宇谦. 外交部譴責喀布爾機場襲擊　冀各方確保阿富汗平穩過渡. 香港电台. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.
[20]
Trudeau, Justin [@justintrudeau]. We strongly condemn the terrorist attacks in Kabul. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.
[21]
Evans, Jake. Prime Minister Scott Morrison mourns deaths of 'American and Afghan friends' in Kabul airport attack. ABC News Australia. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.
[22]
Aitken, Peter. Afghanistan explosions: World leaders react. Fox News. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（美国英语）.
[23]
Kofod, Jeppe [@JeppeKofod]. My deepest condolences to the families and loved ones of those killed by the horrific and despicable terror attacks in Kabul. We pay tribute to the brave US troops who were killed and injured whilst helping to evacuate people out of #HKIA under extremely difficult circumstances. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.
[24]
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland [@ulkoministerio]. FM @Haavisto: Deepest condolences to families and loved ones of victims and wounded in the terrorist attack in Kabul #HKIA A brutal attack against innocent civilians and those trying to help them. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.
[25]
Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu [@mevlutcavusoglu]. Deeply saddened by the loss of lives after today’s attack in #Kabul. (推文). 2021-08-27 –通过Twitter.
[26]
India condemns Kabul airport attack. Hindustan Times. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.
[27]
Bernama. Malaysia condemns Kabul Airport terror attacks. New Straits Times. 2021-08-28 [2021-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-28）.
[28]
Small, Zane. Afghanistan: Jacinda Ardern condemns 'despicable attack' in Kabul as final Defence Force evacuee flight lands safely in UAE. newshub.co.nz. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-28）.
[29]
Søreide, Ine Eriksen [@NorwayMFA]. I strongly condemn the terrorist attack outside #Kabul airport. Innocent civilians trying to leave the country have become victims of this terrible act of cruelty. Our thoughts are with those affected, their families and loved ones. FM #EriksenSoreide (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.
[30]
Andrzej Duda [@AndrzejDuda]. I condemn in strongest terms the heinous attacks at Kabul airport that resulted in dozens of casualties, including US army soldiers, our Allies. My prayers go to the families of those affected by this act of cowardice. Poland stands with our US and Afghani friends. (推文). 2021-08-27 –通过Twitter.
[31]
Șelaru, Cristi. România este pe acceași lungime de undă cu talibanii: Condamnă atentatele din Kabul. stiripesurse.ro. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（罗马尼亚语）.
[32]
Antonov, Anatoly [@RusEmbUSA]. #Antonov: I would like to extend my sincere condolences to the families and friends of the victims of the terrorist attack in #Kabul. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.
[33]
喀布尔机场爆炸死伤惨撼动拜登总统声望. 法国国际广播电台. [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.
[34]
美空袭极端组织打死两人拜登警告喀布尔机场或再有袭击. [2021-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-29）.
[35]
美国军方：使用无人机定点清除一名喀布尔机场爆炸袭击的策划者. [2021-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-28）.
[36]
阿富汗局势：美国调查喀布尔无人机空袭导致多位平民死亡. [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）.
[37]
阿富汗塔利班发言人强烈谴责美国空袭称已造成至少七人死亡--CGTN. [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）.
[38]
Welle, Deutsche. 美发动无人机空袭中美外长就阿富汗议题通话. 德国之声. [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）（中文（中国大陆））.
[39]
美国承认无人机袭击在喀布尔造成10名平民死亡. [2021-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-19）.
[40]
美軍八月誤炸阿富汗平民事件　國防部不處分. [2021-12-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-14）.
[41]
美国防部：去年8月喀布尔机场爆炸由一名单独炸弹袭击者引起. [2022-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-10）.
[42]
喀布尔机场爆炸中无人死于“美军枪下”？美媒怀疑军方在“掩盖真相”. [2022-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-10）.

[33] [注 1]
包括：中华民国^[18]、中华人民共和国^[19]、美国、英国、德国、加拿大^[20]、澳大利亚^[21]、法国^[22]、丹麦^[23]、芬兰^[24]、土耳其^[25]、印度^[26]、马来西亚^[27]、新西兰^[28]、挪威^[29]、波兰^[30]、罗马尼亚^[31]、俄罗斯^[32]、伊朗等

[CNN.suic1-1] [1]
Officials: Explosion at Kabul airport appears to be a suicide attack. CNN. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.

[2] [2]
Seligman, Laura; Ward, Alexander; Desiderio, Andrew; Lippman, Daniel; McLeary, Paul. 13 U.S. troops killed in ISIS attacks on Kabul airport. Politco. Capitol News Company, LLC. [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）. An ISIS militant wearing a suicide vest was responsible for the first bombing, two U.S. officials and a person familiar with the matter told POLITICO, detonating around 5 p.m. local time just outside Abbey Gate. ISIS gunmen then opened fire on the crowd. Three sources said U.S. troops returned fire soon after.

[3] [3]
US forces keep up Kabul airlift under threat of more attacks. Associated Press. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.

[sixty-4] [4]
Varshalomidze, Tamila; Siddiqui, Usaid. Taliban says several killed in explosions outside Kabul airport. Al Jazeera. [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.

[jpost.isil-5] [5]
ISIS claims responsibility for suicide bombings in Kabul killing 12 US troops, over 70 civilians. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.

[6] [6]
Islamic State claims responsibility for deadly Kabul airport attack. Reuters. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.

[name-7] [7]
Islamic State claims responsibility for Kabul airport blasts. The Guardian. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）.

[Euronews2-8] [8]
Kabul explosions: US service members and Afghan civilians killed in Islamic State suicide bombings. 欧洲新闻台. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.

[9] [9]
美国防部：喀布尔机场爆炸为单一引爆者所为. [2021-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-29）.

[10] [10]
Pasko, Simcha. Suicide bombing kills, injures several at Kabul airport. The Jerusalem Post. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.

[11] [11]
Large Explosion Reported Outside Kabul Airport. The Daily Beast. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.

[cnn.1-12] [12]
Blast reported outside Hamid Karzai International Airport in Kabul. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.

[wsj1-13] [13]
Trofimov, Yaroslav; Youssef, Nancy A.; Rasmussen, Sune Engel. Kabul Airport Attack Kills 13 U.S. Service Members, at Least 90 Afghans. Wall Street Journal. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.

[14] [14]
Siddiqui, Tamila Varshalomidze,Ted Regencia,Usaid. US warns of ‘credible’ threats of more Kabul airport attacks. www.aljazeera.com. [2021-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）（英语）.

[Afghanistan:_US_to_complete_evacuations_despite_attack,_says_Biden-15] [15]
Afghanistan: US to complete evacuations despite attack, says Biden. BBC News. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.

[16] [16]
Explosion outside Kabul airport. BBC. 2021-08-25 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）.

[17] [17]
Brown, Matthew. Latest from Afghanistan: U.S. personnel among casualties after explosions at Kabul airport. USA TODAY. [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（美国英语）.

[18] [18]
中华民国外交部亚西及非洲司. 外交部嚴正譴責阿富汗首都喀布爾機場恐怖攻擊事件，並向傷亡者致以誠摯慰問與哀悼. 2021-08-27 [2021-09-03]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-17）（中文（台湾））.

[19] [19]
陈宇谦. 外交部譴責喀布爾機場襲擊　冀各方確保阿富汗平穩過渡. 香港电台. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.

[20] [20]
Trudeau, Justin [@justintrudeau]. We strongly condemn the terrorist attacks in Kabul. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.

[21] [21]
Evans, Jake. Prime Minister Scott Morrison mourns deaths of 'American and Afghan friends' in Kabul airport attack. ABC News Australia. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.

[22] [22]
Aitken, Peter. Afghanistan explosions: World leaders react. Fox News. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（美国英语）.

[23] [23]
Kofod, Jeppe [@JeppeKofod]. My deepest condolences to the families and loved ones of those killed by the horrific and despicable terror attacks in Kabul. We pay tribute to the brave US troops who were killed and injured whilst helping to evacuate people out of #HKIA under extremely difficult circumstances. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.

[24] [24]
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland [@ulkoministerio]. FM @Haavisto: Deepest condolences to families and loved ones of victims and wounded in the terrorist attack in Kabul #HKIA A brutal attack against innocent civilians and those trying to help them. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.

[25] [25]
Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu [@mevlutcavusoglu]. Deeply saddened by the loss of lives after today’s attack in #Kabul. (推文). 2021-08-27 –通过Twitter.

[26] [26]
India condemns Kabul airport attack. Hindustan Times. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（英语）.

[27] [27]
Bernama. Malaysia condemns Kabul Airport terror attacks. New Straits Times. 2021-08-28 [2021-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-28）.

[28] [28]
Small, Zane. Afghanistan: Jacinda Ardern condemns 'despicable attack' in Kabul as final Defence Force evacuee flight lands safely in UAE. newshub.co.nz. 2021-08-27 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-28）.

[29] [29]
Søreide, Ine Eriksen [@NorwayMFA]. I strongly condemn the terrorist attack outside #Kabul airport. Innocent civilians trying to leave the country have become victims of this terrible act of cruelty. Our thoughts are with those affected, their families and loved ones. FM #EriksenSoreide (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.

[30] [30]
Andrzej Duda [@AndrzejDuda]. I condemn in strongest terms the heinous attacks at Kabul airport that resulted in dozens of casualties, including US army soldiers, our Allies. My prayers go to the families of those affected by this act of cowardice. Poland stands with our US and Afghani friends. (推文). 2021-08-27 –通过Twitter.

[31] [31]
Șelaru, Cristi. România este pe acceași lungime de undă cu talibanii: Condamnă atentatele din Kabul. stiripesurse.ro. 2021-08-26 [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-26）（罗马尼亚语）.

[32] [32]
Antonov, Anatoly [@RusEmbUSA]. #Antonov: I would like to extend my sincere condolences to the families and friends of the victims of the terrorist attack in #Kabul. (推文). 2021-08-26 –通过Twitter.

[34] [33]
喀布尔机场爆炸死伤惨撼动拜登总统声望. 法国国际广播电台. [2021-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-27）.

[35] [34]
美空袭极端组织打死两人拜登警告喀布尔机场或再有袭击. [2021-08-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-29）.

[36] [35]
美国军方：使用无人机定点清除一名喀布尔机场爆炸袭击的策划者. [2021-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-28）.

[37] [36]
阿富汗局势：美国调查喀布尔无人机空袭导致多位平民死亡. [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）.

[38] [37]
阿富汗塔利班发言人强烈谴责美国空袭称已造成至少七人死亡--CGTN. [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）.

[39] [38]
Welle, Deutsche. 美发动无人机空袭中美外长就阿富汗议题通话. 德国之声. [2021-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）（中文（中国大陆））.

[40] [39]
美国承认无人机袭击在喀布尔造成10名平民死亡. [2021-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-19）.

[41] [40]
美軍八月誤炸阿富汗平民事件　國防部不處分. [2021-12-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-14）.

[42] [41]
美国防部：去年8月喀布尔机场爆炸由一名单独炸弹袭击者引起. [2022-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-10）.

[43] [42]
喀布尔机场爆炸中无人死于“美军枪下”？美媒怀疑军方在“掩盖真相”. [2022-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-10）.

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2021年喀布尔机场袭击事件

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参考文献