Mactra stultorum Lutraria lutraria 根据WoRMS (2012)，蛤蜊科包括以下37个属[ 3]
Anatina Schumacher, 1817[ 4] Austromactra Iredale, 1930
Barymactra Cossmann in Cossmann & Peyrot, 1909
腔蛤蜊属 Coelomactra Dall, 1895
Crassula_(双壳纲) Crassula Marwick, 1948
Cyclomactra Dall , 1895[ 5] Darina Gray, 1853
Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930
Eastonia Gray, 1853
Harvella Gray, 1853
Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855
Leptospisula Dall, 1895
獭蛤属 Lutraria Lamarck , 1799[ 4] 马珂蛤属 Mactra Linnaeus , 1767[ 4] Mactrellona Marks, 1915[ 4] 光蛤蜊属 Mactrinula Gray, 1853[ 6] Mactromeris Conrad, 1868[ 4] Mactrotoma Dall, 1894[ 4] Maorimactra Finlay, 1928
立蛤属 Meropesta Iredale, 1929
Mulinia Gray, 1837[ 4] Oxyperas Mörch, 1853
拟心蛤属 Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866 †
勒特蛤属 Raeta Gray, 1853[ 4] Rangia Desmoulins, 1832[ 4] Resania Gray, 1853
Scalpomactra Finlay [in Marwick], 1928
Scissodesma Gray, 1837
Simomactra Dall, 1894[ 4] Spisula Gray, 1837[ 4] Standella Gray, 1853
Tanysiphon Benson, 1858
脊蛤蜊属 Tresus Gray, 1853[ 4] Trinitasia Maury, 1928
Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935
Zenatia Gray, 1853
Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963
这些属大致可二分到蛤蜊亚科 （马珂蛤亚科 ）及獭蛤亚科 两个亚科里，还有少部分亚科地位未定[ 3]
