重叠积分(英语:Overlap integral),又称S积分,是原子轨道线性组合为分子轨道时,通过变分法求得的久期方程组包含的三类积分之一,通常用SAB表示[1]。
对于双原子分子,由于久期方程组矩阵形式为:
所以:
它与核间距离有关,其中R=0是SAB为1,而R→+∞时,SAB→0[1]。
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