CD34(小鼠、大鼠的同源蛋白写作Cd34),是一类分化簇(Cluster of differentiation, CD)分子,在人体内由CD34基因编码,主要用来鉴定造血干细胞(HSC)等成体干细胞[5][6][7]。CD34化学本质为糖蛋白,正常情况下位于细胞膜表面,功能包括参与细胞—细胞间黏附和细胞—细胞外底物(ECM)黏附。
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CD34最早于20世纪80年代由两个课题组同时独立发现,最初是用来鉴定一类造血干细胞(CD34+阳性)。现在,是否表达CD34也是分离、鉴别造血干细胞及其亚群(subpopulation)的一项重要指标[8][9][10][11][12][13]。CD34为单跨膜的黏液素(Mucin)类糖蛋白,通常分布于细胞膜表面[14]。CD34功能复杂,至今CD34的功能仍然未完全阐明,已知的CD34分子功能主要是参与细胞黏附[15][16]。
CD34蛋白主要表达于造血干细胞和造血祖细胞中,同时,血管内皮细胞、一部分间充质干细胞(MSC)也表达CD34[17]。CD34在脐带和骨髓中表达强度相对较高[18]。
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Tindle RW. Katz F. Martin H. Watt D. Catovsky D. Janossy G. Greaves M. BI-3C5 (CD34) defines multipotential and lineage restricted progenitor cells and their leukaemic counterparts .. In 'Leucocyte typing 111: White cell differentiation antigens. Oxford University Press, 654-655. 1987.
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Furness SG, McNagny K. Beyond mere markers: functions for CD34 family of sialomucins in hematopoiesis. Immunologic Research. 2006, 34 (1): 13–32. PMID 16720896. doi:10.1385/IR:34:1:13.
Drew E, Merzaban JS, Seo W, Ziltener HJ, McNagny KM. CD34 and CD43 inhibit mast cell adhesion and are required for optimal mast cell reconstitution. Immunity. Jan 2005, 22 (1): 43–57. PMID 15664158. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2004.11.014.
Strilić B, Kucera T, Eglinger J, Hughes MR, McNagny KM, Tsukita S, Dejana E, Ferrara N, Lammert E. The molecular basis of vascular lumen formation in the developing mouse aorta. Developmental Cell. Oct 2009, 17 (4): 505–15. PMID 19853564. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2009.08.011.