ترکیہ میں مقامات عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کی فہرست

ترکیہ میں مقامات عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کی فہرست (انگریزی: List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey) اقوام متحدہ کی تعلیمی، سائنسی اور ثقافتی تنظیم یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ یا قدرتی ورثہ کے لیے اہمیت کے حامل مقامات ہیں جیسا کہ 1972ء میں قائم ہونے والے یونیسکو کے عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کنونشن میں بیان کیا گیا ہے۔ ^[1] ترکیہ نے 16 مارچ 1983ء کو کنونشن کو قبول کیا، اس کے تاریخی مقامات کو فہرست میں شامل کرنے کا اہل بنا دیا۔ 2023ء تک ترکیہ میں اکیس عالمی ثقافتی مقامات ہیں، جن میں انیس ثقافتی مقامات اور دو مخلوط مقامات شامل ہیں۔ ^[2]

گوریمے

دیوریغی

استنبول

ہاتوسا

گوردیون

کوہ نمرود

ارسلان تیپ

ہیراپولس –
پاموک قلعہ

کسانتوس–لیتون

سفرانبولو

ٹرائے

سلیمیہ مسجد

چاتالہویوک

پیرگامون

بورصہ اور جمعہ لی قزق

افسس

دیار بکر

آنی

آفرودیسیاس

گوبیکلی تپہ

جامع مسجد افیون قرہ حصار

ارسلان خانہ مسجد

محمود بے مسجد

اشرفوغلو مسجد

سیوری حصار کی جامع مسجد

ترکی کے اندر عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کی جگہیں، نیلے نقطے اس کی نشان دہی کرتے ہیں قرون وسطی کے اناطولیہ کی لکڑی کی ہائپو اسٹائل مساجد.

عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ مقامات

جگہ	تصویر	مقام	یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ	رقبہ ہیکٹر (ایکڑ)	سال	تفصیل
آفرودیسیاس		Turصوبہ آیدین 37°42′30″N 28°43′25″E	ثقافتی:TurAph (ii)(iii)(iv)(vi)	7006152000000000000♠152 (380)	2017	The site consists of Aphrodisias itself (featuring the 3rd-century BCE Temple of Aphrodite) and the ancient marble quarries nearby, which had brought wealth to the ancient Greek city.[3]
آنی		Turصوبہ قارص 40°30′00″N 43°34′00″E	ثقافتی:TurArcAni (ii)(iii)(iv)	7006251000000000000♠251 (620)	2016	Located close to the Turkey-Armenia border, the medieval city of Ani reached its golden age in the 10th and 11th centuries as the capital of Bagratid Armenia، before going into decline from the 14th century on following a منگول سلطنت invasion and a major earthquake.[4]
ٹرائے		Turصوبہ چناق قلعہ 39°57′23″N 26°14′20″E	ثقافتی:TurArcTro (ii)(iii)(vi)	7006158000000000000♠158 (390)	1998	Dating back to more than four millennia ago and serving as a key influence on ہومر's ایلیاڈ and ورجل's اینیڈ، Troy was rediscovered by Heinrich Schliemann in the late 19th century, and has since become one of the most well-known archeological sites in the world.[5]
ارسلان تیپ		Turصوبہ مالاطیہ 38°22′55″N 38°21′40″E	ثقافتی:TurArcAni (iii)	7005740699999999999♠74.07 (183.0)	2021	Arslantepe was an ancient city on the Tohma River, a tributary of the upper دریائے فرات rising in the Taurus Mountains. It has been identified with the modern archaeological site of Arslantepe near مالاطیہ۔ The first تلوارs known in the Early Bronze Age (c. 33rd to 31st centuries) are based on finds at Arslantepe by Marcella Frangipane of Rome University.[6]
بورصہ and جمعہ لی قزق: the Birth of the Ottoman Empire		Turصوبہ بورصہ 40°11′05″N 29°03′44″E	ثقافتی:TurBur (i)(ii)(iv)(vi)	7005270000000000000♠27 (67)	2014	The first capital of the سلطنت عثمانیہ in the 14th century, Bursa, with its innovative urban planning, became a major source of reference for future Ottoman cities. The nearby village of Cumalıkızık, exemplar of the وقف system, provided support for the development of the capital.[7]
سفرانبولو		Turصوبہ قرہ بوک 41°15′36″N 32°41′23″E	ثقافتی:TurCit (ii)(iv)(v)	7006193000000000000♠193 (480)	1994	A crossroads of the caravan trade, Safranbolu flourished from the 13th century on. Its architecture became a major influence on urban development throughout the Ottoman Empire.[8]
دیار بکر قلعہ and ہیوسیل باغات Cultural Landscape		Turصوبہ دیار بکر 37°54′11″N 40°14′22″E	ثقافتی:TurDiy (iv)	7006521000000000000♠521 (1,290)	2015	دیار بکر has been a city of great significance from the عصر ہیلینستی until the present. The site contains Diyarbakır's 5.800km-long city walls, as well as the Hevsel Gardens, which provided food and water supply to the city.[9]
افسس		Turصوبہ ازمیر 37°55′45″N 27°21′34″E	ثقافتی:TurEph (iii)(iv)(vi)	7006663000000000000♠663 (1,640)	2015	The ancient Greek city of Ephesus was famed for one of the قدیم دنیا کے سات عجائبات عالم، the معبد آرتمیس، which now lies in ruins. After coming under Roman control in the 2nd century BCE, the city flourished, leaving behind monumental structures such as the کتب خانہ کلسوس۔ The House of the Virgin Mary and the Basilica of St. John became major Christian pilgrimage sites from the 5th century on.[10]
گوردیون		Turصوبہ انقرہ 37°13′00″N 38°55′21″E	ثقافتی:TurGob (iii)	7007106400000000000♠1,064 (2,630)	2023	Gordion was the capital city of ancient فریجیا۔ Occupation at the site is attested from the Early Bronze Age (c. 2300 BCE) continuously until the 4th century CE and again in the 13th and 14th centuries CE.[11]
گوبیکلی تپہ		Turصوبہ شانلی اورفہ 37°13′00″N 38°55′21″E	ثقافتی:TurGob (i)(ii)(iv)	7006126000000000000♠126 (310)	2018	Dating back to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic age between 10th and 9th millennium BCE, the site was likely used by hunter-gatherers for ritualistic purposes.[12]
گوریمے قومی پارک and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia		Turصوبہ نو شہر 38°40′00″N 34°51′00″E	Mixed:TurGor (i)(iii)(v)(vii)	7007988400000000000♠9,884 (24,420)	1985	The Göreme Valley area is famous for its striking hoodoo rock formations. The region of کپادوکیا also features a gallery of rock-hewn dwellings, villages, churches, underground cities and great examples of post-بازنطینی شبیہ شکنی Byzantine art۔[13]
دیویرغی جامع مسجد اور ہسپتال		Turصوبہ سیواس 39°22′17″N 38°07′19″E	ثقافتی:TurGre (i)(iv)	7007201600000000000♠2,016 (4,980)	1985	Founded in the early 13th century, the mosque-hospital complex at دیوریغی is a unique and outstanding example of Islamic architecture, blending distinct and sometimes contrasting designs.[14]
ہاتوسا		Turصوبہ چوروم 40°00′50″N 34°37′14″E	ثقافتی:TurHat (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)	7006268000000000000♠268 (660)	1986	The formal capital of the حتی سلطنت، with its well-preserved city gates, temples, palaces and the nearby rock sanctuary of Yazılıkaya، is among the last vestiges of the once dominant power in Anatolia and northern Syria.[15]
ہیراپولس-پاموک قلعہ		Turصوبہ دنیزلی 37°55′26″N 29°07′24″E	Mixed:TurHie (iii)(iv)(vii)	7007107700000000000♠1,077 (2,660)	1988	The natural site of Pamukkale is famous for its visually striking landscape, consisting of petrified waterfalls, stalactites and terraces. The nearby town of Hierapolis, founded at the end of the 2nd century BCE, hosts various Greco-Roman structures including temples, baths, a necropolis, as well as examples of Early Christian architecture۔[16]
استنبول کے تاریخی علاقے		Turاستنبول 41°00′30″N 28°58′48″E	ثقافتی:TurHis (iii)(iv)(vii)	7006678000000000000♠678 (1,680)	1985	The imperial capital of the Byzantine and Ottoman empires, Istanbul has been a major political, religious and cultural centre for more than two millennia. Its skyline, which includes masterpieces such as the قسطنطنیہ کا گھڑ دوڑ کا میدان، آیا صوفیہ، the جامع سلیمانیہ and the توپ قاپی محل، testifies to the great geniuses of architects through the ages.[17]
کوہ نمرود		Turصوبہ آدیامان 38°02′12″N 38°45′49″E	ثقافتی:TurNem (i)(iii)(iv)	7005110000000000000♠11 (27)	1987	Nemrut Dağ is the location where King Antiochus I (69–34 B.C.) of کوماجین constructed his own temple-tomb, surrounded by colossal statues and stelae، in one of the most ambitious architectural undertakings of the Hellenistic period.[18]
چاتالہویوک		Turصوبہ قونیہ 37°40′00″N 32°49′41″E	ثقافتی:TurNeo (iii)(iv)	7005370000000000000♠37 (91)	2012	Occupied between approximately 7400 BC and 5200 BC, the expansive site of Çatalhöyük is among the few examples of a well-preserved Neolithic settlement, with its egalitarian urban layout, roof-access dwellings, wall paintings and reliefs testifying to a proto-urban way of life.[19]
پیرگامون		Turصوبہ ازمیر 39°07′33″N 27°10′48″E	ثقافتی:TurPer (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi)	7006333000000000000♠333 (820)	2014	Founded in the 3rd century BC as the capital of the Hellenistic مملکت پیرگامون، Pergamon was one of the most important cities of the ancient world. After its bequest to the Romans in 133 BC, the city witnessed further development, becoming known as a major therapeutic centre.[20]
سلیمیہ مسجد، ادرنہ		Turصوبہ ادرنہ 41°40′40″N 26°33′34″E	ثقافتی:TurSel (i)(iv)	7004300000000000000♠3 (7.4)	2011	Constructed during the 16th century, the Selimiye Mosque complex at ادرنہ is considered by the architect معمار سنان پاشا to be his masterpiece and represents the highest achievement of عثمانی طرز تعمیر۔[21]
قرون وسطی کے اناطولیہ کی لکڑی کی ہائپو اسٹائل مساجد		TurCountrywide	ثقافتی:TurSel (ii)(iv)	7003610000000000000♠0.61 (1.5)	2023	The site consists of five wooden hypostyle mosques in Anatolia dating back to the late 13th and mid-14th centuries.[22]
کسانتوس-لیتون		Turصوبہ انطالیہ and صوبہ موغلاs 36°20′06″N 29°19′13″E	ثقافتی:TurXan (ii)(iii)	7006126000000000000♠126 (310)	1988	The site consists of two neighboring settlements. Xanthos, the centre of the لیکیاn civilization, exerted significant architectural influences upon other cities of the region, with the Nereid Monument directly inspiring the موسولس کا مزار in کاریا۔ Letoon, an important religious centre in Lycia, hosts the Letoon trilingual، which provided the key in deciphering the long-extinct Lycian language۔[23]

مزید دیکھیے

• یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ