Canaan Banana
Pulezidenti wakwamba wa Zimbabwe (1936-2003) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Canaan Sodindo Banana (5 March 1936 - 10 November 2003) wakaŵa wasembe wa Zimbabwe, wasembe, na wandale uyo wakaŵa purezidenti wakwamba wa Zimbabwe kufuma 1980 mpaka 1987. Wakaŵa mulongozgi wakwamba wa chalo cha Zimbabwe (Ceremonial President) pamanyuma pa phangano la Lancaster House ilo likapangiska kuti chalo ichi chiŵe na wanangwa. Mu 1987, wakafumapo pa udindo wake ndipo wakimikika na nduna yikuru Robert Mugabe. Mu 1997, Banana ŵakamupa mulandu wa kugonana na ŵanalume panji ŵanakazi ŵekhaŵekha.
Canaan Banana | |
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Canaan Banana mu 1986 | |
1st President of Zimbabwe | |
Nyengo: 18 April 1980 – 31 December 1987 | |
Prime Minister | Robert Mugabe |
Kupokela | Josiah Gumede (Zimbabwe Rhodesia) |
Kuwiska na | Robert Mugabe |
Umoyo wamunthu | |
Kubabika | (1936-03-05)5 March 1936 Essexvale, Southern Rhodesia |
Kufwa | 10 November 2003(2003-11-10) (vyaka vikaŵa 67) London, United Kingdom |
Chipani | ZANU |
Nthengwa |
Janet Mbuyazwe (m. 1961) |
Ŵana | 4 |
Ntchito | Minister; professor; politician |
Banana wakababikira ku Essexvale (uko sono ni Esigodini), mu muzi wa Matabeleland, ku Southern Rhodesia. Wakasambira pa sukulu ya ŵamishonale pambere wandafike ku Epworth Theological College ku Salisbury (uko sono ni Harare). Wakaŵa muliska wa tchalitchi la Methodist, ndipo pakati pa 1963 na 1966, wakaŵa mulara wa sukulu. Mu 1969, wakasankhika kuŵa mulaŵiliri wa wupu wa Bulawayo Council of Churches. Kufuma mu 1971 kufika mu 1973, wakagwiranga nchito mu wupu wa All Africa Conference of Churches ndipo wakaŵa mu komiti ya World Council of Churches. Wakamba kuchita ndyali, ndipo wakasuska boma la Rhodesia ilo likaŵa pasi pa Ian Smith, ilo likayowoya kuti charu ichi chili na wanangwa mu 1965. Wakazgoka wachiŵiri kwa pulezidenti wa African National Congress, kweni mwaluŵiro wakacimbira ku Rhodesia. Pakwamba wakaluta ku Japan, pamanyuma wakasamira ku Washington, D.C., United States, uko wakasambira pa Wesley Theological Seminary.
Wakati wawelera ku Rhodesia mu 1975, wakakakika mpaka mu 1976. Mu chaka chenechicho, wakaluta na Mugabe ku ungano wa Geneva, ndipo mu 1979, wakaluta ku ungano wa Lancaster House ku London, uwo ukapangiska kuti Zimbabwe yiŵe na wanangwa. Mu 1980, wakazgoka pulezidenti wakwamba wa caru ici, ndipo wakafumapo mu 1987 mwakuti Mugabe, uyo wakasintha mauteŵeti gha pulezidenti kufuma ku mauteŵeti gha pa ciphikiro kuya ku mauteŵeti gha pa wupu wakulongozga, watore malo ghake. Banana wakachitanga ntchito ya umishonale ku Organisation of African Unity ndipo wakasambizgaso pa University of Zimbabwe. Wakagwiraso nchito yikuru pakunozga umo magulu ghaŵiri ghakurughakuru gha Zimbabwe ghakazgokera ku vipani vya ndyali, ZAPU na ZANU yake, ivyo vikasazgikana mu 1988 kuti vipangike ZANU-PF, iyo ni chipani chakulongozga mu chalo.
Mu 1997, Banana wakakakika ku Zimbabwe cifukwa ca mulandu wa kugonana na ŵanalume ŵambura kutemwana, pamanyuma pa mulandu wa kukoma munthu munyake uyo wakaŵa mulinda wake, uyo wakakoma msilikari munyake uyo wakamunenanga kuti ni "muwoli wa Banana". Ŵakamuphalira kuti Banana wakagwiliskira nchito uheni mazaza ghake apo wakaŵa pulezidenti kuti wacizge ŵanalume ŵanandi kuti ŵagone nayo. Nangauli wakakananga ivyo ŵakamuphalira, kweni mu 1998 ŵakamusanga na mulandu wa kugonana na mwanalume mwanalume panji mwanakazi munthengwa. Wakakhala myezi 6 mu jere, ndipo ŵakamufumiskaso mu jele. Wakafwa na kansa mu 2003, ndipo malo agho wakafwira ghakupambana.
Banana wakaŵa munthu wakususka comene, comenecomene pamanyuma pa mulandu uwo wakeruzgika. Pakuŵa Pulezidenti, nyengo zose wakachindikikanga yayi (dango likapelekeka mu 1982, lakukanizga ŵanthu ŵa ku Zimbabwe kuti ŵaleke kuseka zina lake). Ndipouli, ŵanji ŵakamuzirwiska cifukwa ca kovwirapo pa nkhondo yakuwombora Zimbabwe ndipo pamanyuma pake cifukwa ca mulimo wake wa kukolerana kwa ZANU na ZAPU, ico cikamazga kukoma ŵanthu ku Gukurahundi. Wakati wafwa, Mugabe wakamuchema kuti "chawanangwa chachilendo ku mtundu".[1]