Kanuni ya Imani ya Nisea-Konstantinopoli

Kanuni ya Imani ya Nisea-Konstantinopoli (pia Imani ya Nikea) ni fomula rasmi ambayo ilipitishwa na Mtaguso wa kwanza wa Nisea (325)^[1] ikakamilishwa na Mtaguso wa kwanza wa Konstantinopoli (381) ili kubainisha imani sahihi ya Kanisa Katoliki dhidi ya uzushi, hasa wa Ario na wafuasi wake.

Nakala ya kale zaidi ya Kanuni ya Nisea, karne ya 5.

Picha takatifu ya karne ya 17 kutoka Urusi inayoonyesha mafundisho ya Nasadiki hiyo.

Katima mazingira hayo, lengo kuu lilikuwa kwanza kumkiri Yesu kama Mungu kweli sawa na Baba, halafu kwamba Roho Mtakatifu anastahili kuabudiwa pamoja na Baba na Mwana (Utatu Mtakatifu).

Hadi leo hiyo kanuni ya imani inatumika sana katika madhehebu mengi ya Ukristo, hata kama sehemu ya liturujia.^{[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]}

Tafsiri ya Kiswahili

Imani ya Nisea (umbo la Kanisa Katoliki)[10]	Imani ya Nikea (umbo la Kanisa la Kilutheri)[11]
Nasadiki kwa Mungu mmoja, Baba mwenyezi, muumba wa mbingu na dunia na vitu vyote vinavyoonekana na visivyoonekana.	Twamwamini Mungu mmoja, Baba Mwenyezi, Muumba mbingu na nchi na vitu vyote vinavyoonekana na visivyoonekana.
Nasadiki kwa Bwana mmoja Yesu Kristo, Mwana pekee wa Mungu, aliyezaliwa kwa Baba tangu milele yote. Mungu aliyetoka kwa Mungu, mwanga kwa mwanga, Mungu kweli kwa Mungu kweli, aliyezaliwa bila kuumbwa, mwenye umungu mmoja na Baba, ambaye vitu vyote vimeumbwa naye. Alishuka kutoka mbinguni, kwa ajili yetu sisi wanadamu, na kwa ajili ya wokovu wetu. Akapata mwili kwa uwezo wa Roho Mtakatifu kwake yeye Bikira Maria, akawa mwanadamu. Akasulubiwa kwa ajili yetu sisi, kwa mamlaka ya Ponsyo Pilato; akateswa, akafa na akazikwa. Siku ya tatu akafufuka, kadiri ya Maandiko, akapaa mbinguni, ameketi kuume kwa Baba. Atakuja tena kwa utukufu, kuwahukumu wazima na wafu, na ufalme wake hautakuwa na mwisho.	Twamwamini Bwana mmoja, Yesu Kristo, Mwana wa pekee wa Mungu, Mwana wa Azali wa Baba: yu Mungu kutoka Mungu, yu Nuru kutoka Nuru, yu Mungu kweli kutoka Mungu kweli; Mwana wa Azali asiyeumbwa, mwenye uungu mmoja na Baba: Kwa Yeye huyu vitu vyote viliumbwa. Aliyeshuka kutoka mbinguni kwa ajili yetu wanadamu na kwa wokovu wetu; akatwaa mwili kwa uweza wa Roho Mtakatifu katika Bikira Mariamu, akawa mwanadamu: Akasulibiwa kwaajili yetu zamani za Pontio Pilato; aliteswa, akafa, akazikwa. Siku ya tatu akafufuka kama yanenavyo Maandiko Matakatifu: Akapaa mbinguni; ameketi mkono wa kuume wa Baba: Naye atakuja tena kwa utukufu kuwahukumu walio hai una wafu. Na ufalme wake hauna mwisho;
Nasadiki kwa Roho Mtakatifu, Bwana na mleta uzima: atokaye kwa Baba na Mwana. Anayeabudiwa na kutukuzwa, pamoja na Baba na Mwana: aliyenena kwa vinywa vya manabii. Nasadiki kwa Kanisa moja, takatifu, katoliki, la Mitume. Naungama ubatizo mmoja kwa maondoleo ya dhambi. Nangojea na ufufuko wa wafu, na uzima wa milele ijayo. Amina.	Twamwamini Roho Mtakatifu Bwana mtoa uzima, atokaye katika Baba na Mwana, anayeabudiwa na kutukuzwa pamoja na Baba na Mwana, aliyenena kwa vinywa vya manabii; Twaamini Kanisa moja, takatifu, la Kikristo la ulimwengu wote na la kimitume. Twakiri ubatizo mmoja kwa ondoleo la dhambi, Twatazamia kufufuliwa kwa wafu, na uzima wa ulimwengu ujao. Amen

Tofauti kati ya toleo la Nisea na lile la Konstantinopoli

Tunaweza kulinganisha matoleo hayo mawili ya Kigiriki^[12] kama ifuatavyo:

Mtaguso wa kwanza wa Nisea (325)	Mtaguso wa kwanza wa Konstantinopoli (381)
Πιστεύομεν εἰς ἕνα θεὸν Πατέρα παντοκράτορα, πάντων ὁρατῶν τε και ἀοράτων ποιητήν.	Πιστεύομεν εἰς ἕνα θεὸν Πατέρα παντοκράτορα, ποιητὴν οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς, ὁρατῶν τε πάντων καὶ ἀοράτων.
Πιστεύομεν εἰς ἕνα κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ, γεννηθέντα ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς μονογενῆ, τοὐτέστιν ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ Πατρός, θεὸν ἐκ θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ, γεννηθέντα, οὐ ποιηθέντα, ὁμοούσιον τῷ Πατρί	Καὶ εἰς ἕνα κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ τὸν μονογενῆ, τὸν ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς γεννηθέντα πρὸ πάντων τῶν αἰώνων, φῶς ἐκ φωτός, θεὸν ἀληθινὸν ἐκ θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ, γεννηθέντα οὐ ποιηθέντα, ὁμοούσιον τῷ Πατρί·
δι' οὗ τὰ πάντα ἐγένετο, τά τε ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς	δι' οὗ τὰ πάντα ἐγένετο·
τὸν δι' ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ διὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν σωτηρίαν κατελθόντα καὶ σαρκωθέντα καὶ ἐνανθρωπήσαντα,	τὸν δι' ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ διὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν σωτηρίαν κατελθόντα ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ σαρκωθέντα ἐκ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου καὶ Μαρίας τῆς παρθένου καὶ ἐνανθρωπήσαντα,
παθόντα, καὶ ἀναστάντα τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ, καὶ ἀνελθόντα εἰς τοὺς οὐρανούς,	σταυρωθέντα τε ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτου, καὶ παθόντα καὶ ταφέντα, καὶ ἀναστάντα τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρα κατὰ τὰς γραφάς, καὶ ἀνελθόντα εἰς τοὺς οὐρανούς, καὶ καθεζόμενον ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Πατρός,
καὶ ἐρχόμενον κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς.	καὶ πάλιν ἐρχόμενον μετὰ δόξης κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς·
	οὗ τῆς βασιλείας οὐκ ἔσται τέλος.
Καὶ εἰς τὸ Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα.	Καὶ εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, τὸ κύριον, (καὶ) τὸ ζῳοποιόν, τὸ ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον, τὸ σὺν Πατρὶ καὶ Υἱῷ συμπροσκυνούμενον καὶ συνδοξαζόμενον, τὸ λαλῆσαν διὰ τῶν προφητῶν. Εἰς μίαν, ἁγίαν, καθολικὴν καὶ ἀποστολικὴν ἐκκλησίαν· ὁμολογοῦμεν ἓν βάπτισμα εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν· προσδοκοῦμεν ἀνάστασιν νεκρῶν, καὶ ζωὴν τοῦ μέλλοντος αἰῶνος. Ἀμήν.
Τοὺς δὲ λέγοντας, ὅτι ἦν ποτε ὅτε οὐκ ἦν, καὶ πρὶν γεννηθῆναι οὐκ ἦν, καὶ ὅτι ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων ἐγένετο, ἢ ἐξ ἑτέρας ὑποστάσεως ἢ οὐσίας φάσκοντας εἶναι, [ἢ κτιστόν,] τρεπτὸν ἢ ἀλλοιωτὸν τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ, [τούτους] ἀναθεματίζει ἡ καθολικὴ [καὶ ἀποστολικὴ] ἐκκλησία.

Suala la Filioque

Makala kuu: Filioque

Mwishoni mwa karne ya 6, baadhi ya makanisa ya Kilatini yaliongeza neno Filioque (na (kwa) Mwana) yakifundisha kwamba Roho Mtakatifu anatoka kwa Mungu Baba na pia kwa Mungu Mwana. Badiliko hilo lilipingwa na Makanisa ya Kiorthodoksi kama upotoshaji wa imani juu ya mahusiano kati ya nafsi tatu za Mungu ^[13][14]

Idara husika ya Kanisa Katoliki huko Vatikano iliweka wazi mwaka 1995 kwamba, kama maneno ya Kigiriki καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ ("na kwa Mwana") yangeongezwa kwa ἐκπορεύομαι yangekuwa ya kizushi kweli^[15][16][17] lakini neno Filioque si la kizushi likiongezwa kwa neno la Kilatini procedit kwa kuwa hilo si sawa na ἐκπόρευμαι^[18][19]

Tanbihi

1. Readings in the History of Christian Theology by William Carl Placher 1988 ISBN 0-664-24057-7 pages 52–53
2. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04479a.htm
3. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, "Profession of Faith"
4. Code of Canon Law, canon 833
5. "Archbishop Averky Liturgics – The Small Compline", Retrieved 2013-04-14
6. "Archbishop Averky Liturgics – The Symbol of Faith", Retrieved 2013-04-14
7. "Religion Facts, four of the five Protestant denominations studied agree with the Nicene Creed and the fifth may as well, they just don't do creeds in general". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2015-03-19. Iliwekwa mnamo Oktoba 29, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
8. "Christianity Today reports on a study that shows most evangelicals believe the basic Nicene formulation". Iliwekwa mnamo Oktoba 29, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
9. "Encyclopedia Britannica". Iliwekwa mnamo Juni 16, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
10. Misale ya Waamini, toleo la mwaka 2021, uk. 513
11. Matini iliyochapishwa katika kitabu cha Tumwabudu Mungu Wetu 2012, kilichotolewa na KKKT, ISBN 9987-652-08-5
12. "Symbolum Nicaeno-Constantinopolitanum – Greek". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2006-11-17. Iliwekwa mnamo 2015-05-23.
13. Canon VII
14. Kwa mtazamo tofauti, rejea Excursus on the Words πίστιν ἑτέραν
15. http://biblehub.com/greek/1607.htm
16. St. Gregory of Nazianzus, Oratio 39 in sancta lumina, in Patrologia Graeca, ed. by J.P. Migne, vol. 36, D’Ambroise, Paris 1858, XII, PG 36, 348 B: Πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἀληθῶς τὸ πνεῦμα, προϊὸν μὲν ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς, οὐχ ὑϊκῶς δὲ, οὐδὲ γὰρ γεννητῶς, ἀλλ’ ἐκπορευτῶς [The Holy Spirit is truly Spirit, going from (προϊὸν, a word that can correspond to the Latin procedens) the Father, not as a Son (οὐχ ὑϊκῶς) nor indeed as begotten (γεννητῶς) but as originating (ἐκπορευτῶς)].
17. St. Gregory of Nazianzus, Oration 31 on the Holy Spirit, in Patrologia Graeca, ed. by J.P. Migne, vol. 36, D’Ambroise, Paris 1858, X, PG 36, 141 C: Τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, ὃ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορεύεται· ὃ καθ’ ὅσον μὲν ἐκεῖθεν ἐκπορεύεται, οὐ κτίσμα· καθ’ ὅσον δὲ οὐ γεννητόν, οὐχ υἱός· καθ’ ὅσον δὲ ἀγεννήτου καὶ γεννητοῦ μέσον θεός: [The Holy Spirit, ‘who has his origin in the Father’ [John 15:26], who inasmuch as he has his origin in him, is not a creature. Inasmuch as he is not begotten, he is not the Son; inasmuch as he is the middle of the Unbegotten and the Begotten, he is God].
18. Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity: The Greek and the Latin Traditions regarding the Procession of the Holy Spirit Ilihifadhiwa 3 Septemba 2004 kwenye Wayback Machine. and same document on another site
19. Such as St. Gregory of Nazianzen, as seen in the passage from Oratio 39 cited above.

Marejeo

• Ayres, Lewis (2006). Nicaea and Its Legacy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-875505-8.
• A. E. Burn, The Council of Nicaea (1925)
• G. Forell, Understanding the Nicene Creed (1965)
• Kelly, J. (1982). Early Christian Creeds. City: Longman Publishing Group. ISBN 0-582-49219-X.

Viungo vya nje

• Extensive discussion of the texts of the First Council of Nicea Ilihifadhiwa 27 Januari 2013 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Philip Schaff, Creeds of Christendom Volume I: Nicene Creed
• Athanasius, De Decretis or Defence of the Nicene Definition
• Line-by-Line Roman Catholic Explanation of the Nicene Creed Ilihifadhiwa 18 Februari 2006 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Nicene Creed in languages of the world
• Essays on the Nicene Creed from the Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary Library Ilihifadhiwa 9 Mei 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Modern English translations of the documents produced at Nicaea
• "The Nicene Creed", run time 42 minutes, BBC "In Our Time" audio history series, moderator and historians, Episode 12-27-2007 Ilihifadhiwa 1 Aprili 2012 kwenye Wayback Machine.

Makala hii kuhusu dini ya Ukristo bado ni mbegu. Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Kanuni ya Imani ya Nisea-Konstantinopoli kama historia yake, matokeo au athari zake? Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari.