Kunguni-maji ni wadudu wadogo hadi wakubwa wa oda za chini Gerromorpha na Nepomorpha katika oda Hemiptera ya nusungeli Pterygota (wenye mabawa) ambao huishi majini. Mabawa yao ya mbele ni nusu magumu na nusu kama viwambo. Kunguni hao hula wadudu wengine ama hai au waliokufa, na spishi kubwa hula samaki na amfibia wadogo pia.
Kunguni-maji | ||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Mwogeleaji-juuchini (Notonecta glauca) | ||||||||||||||||||
Uainishaji wa kisayansi | ||||||||||||||||||
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Ngazi za chini | ||||||||||||||||||
Oda za chini 2 za kunguni-maji, familia za juu 11:
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Mifano ya wadudu hao ni wendamaji na kunguni-bahari (familia Gerridae), wapima maji (Hydrometridae), nge-maji (Nepidae), waogeleaji-juuchini (Notonectidae), kunguni-makasia (Corixidae), kunguni-maji wakubwa (Belostomatidae), kunguni-maji watambaazi (Naucoridae), kunguni-chura (Gelastocoridae)
Kundi la kunguni-maji lina spishi ndogo sana (mm 2) na spishi kubwa sana (sm 12) zilizomo miongoni mwa wadudu wakubwa kabisa duniani. Spishi za Gerromorpha hutembea juu ya maji au huishi katika mahali panyevu, lakini zile za Nepomorpha huogelea chini ya maji kwa kawaida.
Takriban spishi zote ni mbuai wa wadudu wengine na spishi kubwa vilevile mbuai wa samaki na amfibia wadogo, lakini hula mizoga pia. Spishi nyingine hula mimea ya majini au dutu za mimea. Sehemu za kinywa zina umbo la kutoboa mbuawa ili kufyonza damu yake. Spishi fulani, kama nge-maji na kunguni-makasia, zinaweza kutoboa ngozi ya watu na kuuma sana.
- Anisops varia (Notonectidae)
- Corixa mirandella (Corixidae)
- Gerris hypolence (Gerridae)
- Halobates poseidon (Gerridae)
- Hydrometra africana (Hydrometridae)
- Hydrometra chopardi (Hydrometridae)
- Laccocoris limigenus (Naucoridae)
- Laccotrephes brachialis (Nepidae)
- Lethocerus niloticus (Belostomatidae)
- Limnogonus hypoleucus (Gerridae)
- Mesovelia vittigera (Mesoveliidae)
- Micronecta scutellaris (Micronectidae)
- Nerthra grandicollis (Gelastocoridae)
- Paraplea pullula (Pleidae)
- Ranatra cinnamomea (Nepidae)
- Gerridae (Mtembeaji-maji Gerris laustris)
- Gerridae (Kunguni-bahari Halobates sp.)
- Hydrometridae (Mpima-maji Hydrometra stagnorum)
- Mesoveliidae (Mtembeaji-maji Mesovelia hackeri)
- Corixidae (Kunguni-makasia Corixa punctata)
- Micronectidae (Kunguni-makasia kibete Micronecta scholtzi)
- Naucoridae (Kunguni-maji mtambaazi Ilyocoris cimicoides)
- Belostomatidae (Kunguni-maji dubwana Lethocerus deyrollei)
- Nepidae (Nge-maji Laccotrephes brachialis)
- Nepidae (Kunguni-sindano Ranatra linearis)
- Notonectidae (Mwogeleaji-juuchini Notonecta obliqua)
- Gelastocoridae (Kunguni-chura Nerthra sp.)
- Pleidae (Mwogeleaji-juuchini kibete Plea minutissima)
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