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Dawladii faadumiyiinta (afka carabiga; الدولة الفاظمية ) waa dawlad shiico ahayd oo ka talisay meelo badan oo caalamka islaamiga ah, waxay dhalatay dawladaan bilaawga Qarnigii tobanaad ee miilaadiga kadib daciifida cabaasiyiinta, rag ducaad ah ayaa ku faafay dhulka magrib waxaana suurta gashay dhisida dawlad shiico ah oo awood badan, waxey mideesay dhamaan waqooyiga afrika, waqtigii hogaamiyahood afaraad al-muciz lidiini laah 969kii waxey qabsadeen masar caasimad ayeena ka yeesheen waxey awoodooda ku fiday shaam, xijaaz, yaman iyo siqliya.
Shiicada waxey ku hamin jireen in mudo ah inay dhisaan khilaafo shiico ah oo Qoyska Cali bin abii daalib ay hogaanka u qabtaan, Taas awgeed dawlada umawiyiinta ayee dhowr mar kacdoon ku sameeyeen, cabaasiyiinta markey imaadeen ayana sidoo kale way isku dhaceen, Abuu jacfar al-Mansur waxa uu xiray koox badan oo qoyska cali ahaay, culeys badana wuu sii saaray shiicada
Dhamaadka qarnigii 3aad ee hijiriga markeey cabaasiyiinta daciiftay awoodooda waxey is tuseen shiicada inay suurtagal noqon karto Khilaafadii ay ku hamin jireen asaaskeeda waxeyna ducaad u direen mandiqada Magrib.
Magrib waxaa ka jirtay dawladii agaalibada oo cabaasiyiinta raacsaneed, dawladii idriisiyiinta oo shiico zeydiya ahayd iyo imaarada taahart oo khawaarij ahayd, Abuu cabdulaahi al-shiici daaciga faadumiyiinta waxa oo ku dagay qabiilka kutaama waxa oo ugu yeeray inay raacaan weey ka aqbaleen, ka dib dagaalo ayuu la galay agaalibada wuu ka adkaaday dhowr mar ilaa ugu dambeen uu ka qabsado qiirawaan caasimadooda, Amiirka agaalibada ziyaadatulaahi sedexaad ayaana u baxsaday masar 909 miilaadi.
Abuu cabdulaahi Al-shiici ayaa u qoray cubeydulaahi al-mahdi inuu u yimaado, wuu soo baxay asaga iyo wiilkiis, markay sajlimaasa soo gaareen ayaa waxaa xiray amiirkeeda alyasac bin midraar, Abuu cabdulaahi ayaa oo sii maqlaayay si dhaqso ah ku u soo baxay wuxuu dhax sii maray taahart wuu qabsaday imaaradii ka jirtay wuu dunshay, wuxuu gaaray sajlimaasa wuu go'doomiya ilaa ay gacantiisa kaga dhacday, ka dib xabsiga ayuu ka saaray Cubeydilaahi iyo wiilkiis.
Abuu cabdulaahi iyo Cubeydilaahi wey soo laabteen waxey galeen ruqaada maalin khamiis ah 20ka bisha maalmadoone oo ku beegan 7a janawari 910, waxaa la faray in khudbada lagu sheego Cubeydilaah al-mahdi, waxaana sidaas lagu iclaamiyay dawlada cusub, Cubeydilaah waxa uu dhisay magaalada Al-mahdiya waxa uuna ka dhisay qasriyada dawladiisa, dhufeys xoogan ayuuna ku wareejiyay, caasimada ayuuna ka yeeshay.
Al-Mahdi markuu ku xasilay xilka waxa uu bilaabay inuu sii xoojiyo awoodiisa, waxa uu amray in la dilo daaciga faadumiyiinta abuu cabdulaahi Al-shiici iyo walaakiisa 298H/911, ka dib waxa uu ujeestay balaarinta dawladiisa Talyihiisa muusa bin abil-caafiya ayuu u diray magribta fog, idriisiyiinta ayuu halkaas kula dagaalamay wuuna ka adkaaday 312H, laakin muusa waxa uu ka hor imaaday faadumiyiinta waxa uuna ku biiray umawiyiinta andalus, Cubeydilaah ayaa u diray 315H wiilkiis Abuu-qaasim kaas awooday inuu gacanta faadumiyiinta ku soo celiyo magribta fog.
Waxaa jiray sanadihii 302H, 307H, 3021H iyo 3022H isku dayo oo ku doonayay inuu ku qabsado masar balse ciidanka ikhsheydiinta ayaa awoodeen inay iska caabiyaan.
Al-mahdi Waqtiyadiisa dambe waxaa kacay kacdoon uu horkacaayay abuu zeyd al-khaarji oo ka mid ahaa khawaarijta waxeyna ku faaftay dhamaan dhulka magrib, Al-mahdi ayaa dhintay 934 asigoo waxba ka qaban, wiilkiis Al-qaaim bi mari laah ayaa sii waday la dagaalankooda laakin asna waxa uu dhintay 334H asigoo ka guul keenin, waxa uu abuu-yaziid awooday inuu qabsado ifriiqiya oo dhan marka laga reebo al-mahdiya oo caasimada faadumiyiinta ahayd, wuxuu saas ahaadaba ugu dambeyn al-mansuur ayaa awooday inuu soo afjaro kacdoonka abuu yaziid ayaana la soo qabtay oo la dilay, waxey ku tilmaameyn Taariikhyahanada qaabka ay faadumiyiinta uga badbaadeyn kacdoonkaas "mucjiso".
Al-mansuur waxa uu dhisay Al-mansuuriya caasimadiis cusub ayuu ka yeeshay waxa uuna dhintay 341H, wiilkiis Al-muciz lidiini laah ayaana kaas oo ahaa kan ugu muhiimsan madaxda faadumiyiinta.
# | khaliifka | mudada xilka |
---|---|---|
1 | Cubeydilaah al-mahdi | 909-934 |
2 | Al-qaaim bi amri laah | 934-945 |
3 | al-mansuur binasri laah | 945-952 |
4 | Al-muciz lidini laah | 952-975 |
5 | Al-caziiz bilaah | 975-996 |
6 | Al-xaakim biamri laah | 996-1020 |
7 | Al-daahir li iczaazi diini laah | 1020-1035 |
8 | Al-mustansir bilaah | 1035-1094 |
9 | Al-mustacli bilaah | 1094-1101 |
10 | Al-aamir bi axkaami laah | 1101-1130 |
11 | Al-xaafid lidiini laah | 1130-1149 |
12 | Al-daafir biamri laah | 1149-1154 |
13 | Al-faaiz binasri laah | 1154-1160 |
14 | Al-caadid lidiini laah | 1160-1171 |
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