Sundanese language

Sundanese (/sʌndəˈniːz/^[2]) is a Malayo-Polynesian language. It is spoken by the Sundanese people.

Yusuf speaking Sundanese

Spoken Sundanese

Sundanese
basa Sunda ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ بَاسَا سُوْندَا
Pronunciation	/ba.sa sʊn.da/
Native to	Java, Indonesia
Region	West Java, Banten, Jakarta, parts of western Central Java, southern Lampung, also spoken by the Sundanese diaspora in Indonesia and throughout the world.
Ethnicity	Sundanese • Badui • Bantenese • Cirebonese • Priangan
Native speakers	42 million (2016)[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian disputed: Malayo-Sumbawan or Greater North Borneo Sundanese-Baduy Sundanese
Early form	Old Sundanese
Standard forms	Priangan Sundanese
Dialects	Baduy (considered a separate language) Banten Banyumas (extinct) Bogor Brebes Ciamis Northeast Cirebon Indramayu Majalengka Priangan
Writing system	Latin script (present) Sundanese script (present; optional) Old Sundanese script (14-18th centuries AD, present; optional) Sundanese Cacarakan script (17-19th centuries AD, present; certain areas) Sundanese Pégon script (17-20th centuries AD, present; religious use only) Buda Script (13-15th centuries AD, present; optional) Kawi script (historical) Pallava (historical) Pranagari (historical) Vatteluttu (historical)
Official status
Regulated by	Lembaga Basa Jeung Sastra Sunda
Language codes
ISO 639-1	su
ISO 639-2	sun
ISO 639-3	Variously: sun – Sundanese bac – Baduy Sundanese osn – Old Sundanese
Glottolog	sund1251
Linguasphere	31-MFN-a
Areas where Sundanese is a majority native language   Areas where Sundanese is a minority language with >100,000 speakers   Areas where Sundanese is a minority language with <100,000 speakers
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Writing

Sundanese is written with the Latin script, Sundanese script, or Pegon script. The Sundanese script is based on the Old Sundanese script. It was introduced in 1997.^[3] Pegon is based on the Arabic alphabet.^[4]

Phonology

Vowels

Sundanese has seven vowels.^[5]

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i	ɨ	u
Mid	ɛ	ə	ɔ
Open		a

Consonants

Sundanese has eighteen consonants. There are also consonants such as /f/ and /q/ that are only used in loanwords.^[5]

		Bilabial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	p	t	tʃ	k
	voiced	b	d	dʒ	ɡ
Fricative			s			h
Lateral			l
Trill			r
Approximant		w		j

References

1. Muamar, Aam (2016-08-08). "Mempertahankan Eksistensi Bahasa Sunda" [Maintaining the existence of Sundanese Language]. Pikiran Rakyat (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 2018-09-27.
2. Bauer, Laurie (2007). The Linguistics Student's Handbook. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
3. "Atlas of Endangered Alphabets: Indigenous and minority writing systems, and the people who are trying to save them". Retrieved 16 August 2022.
4. Qurtuby, Sumanto Al (4 August 2022). "Language, Islam, and Muslim societies: Perspectives from the Asia-Pacific". Journal of Asian Pacific Communication. 32 (2): 276–287. doi:10.1075/japc.00080.qur. S2CID 248286525.
5. Müller-Gotama, Franz (2001). Sundanese. Languages of the World. Materials. Vol. 369. Munich: LINCOM Europa.