Federal subjects of Russia
official constitutional top-level political division of Russia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
official constitutional top-level political division of Russia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The subjects of the Russian Federation (Russian: субъекты Российской Федерации subekty Rossiyskoy Federatsii) are the main administrative divisions in Russia. Since 18 March 2014, Russia is made up of 85 federal subjects.[1] They are grouped into eight federal districts.
The federal subjects are divided into oblasts, republics, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities and an autonomous oblast. Republics are generally independent, each having its own constitution and legislature. They are meant to be home to a certain ethnic minority. The republics can also set their own official language.[2]
Each federal subject belongs to one of the following types:
Legend | Description |
---|---|
The most common type of federal subject with a governor and local government. | |
Nominally autonomous,[3][4] each has its own constitution and legislature; is represented by the federal government in international affairs; is meant to be home to a specific ethnic minority. | |
The same as an oblast, but with a different name. The name "krai" is old. | |
With a substantial or predominant ethnic minority. | |
Major cities that have their own region. | |
The only autonomous oblast is the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. |
Code | Name | Capital/Administrative centre[a] | Flag | Coat of arms | Type | Federal district | Economic region | Area (km2)[5] !! Population [6] !! Year established | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01 | Adygea, Republic of | Maykop | ![]() |
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republic | Southern | North Caucasus | 7,600 | 447,109 | 1922 |
02 | Bashkortostan, Republic of | Ufa | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Ural | 143,600 | 4,104,336 | 1919 |
03 | Buryatia, Republic of | Ulan-Ude | ![]() |
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republic | Far Eastern | East Siberian | 351,300 | 981,238 | 1923 |
04 | Altai Republic | Gorno-Altaysk | ![]() |
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republic | Siberian | West Siberian | 92,600 | 202,947 | 1922 |
05 | Dagestan, Republic of | Makhachkala | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 50,300 | 2,576,531 | 1921 |
06 | Ingushetia, Republic of | Magas (Largest city: Nazran) |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 4,000 | 467,294 | 1992 |
07 | Kabardino-Balkar Republic | Nalchik | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 12,500 | 901,494 | 1936 |
08 | Kalmykia, Republic of | Elista | ![]() |
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republic | Southern | Volga | 76,100 | 292,410 | 1957 |
09 | Karachay-Cherkess Republic | Cherkessk | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 14,100 | 439,470 | 1957 |
10 | Karelia, Republic of | Petrozavodsk | ![]() |
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republic | Northwestern | Northern | 172,400 | 716,281 | 1956 |
11 | Komi Republic | Syktyvkar | ![]() |
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republic | Northwestern | Northern | 415,900 | 1,018,674 | 1921 |
12 | Mari El Republic | Yoshkar-Ola | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 23,200 | 727,979 | 1920 |
13 | Mordovia, Republic of | Saransk | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 26,200 | 888,766 | 1930 |
14 | Sakha (Yakutia) Republic | Yakutsk | ![]() |
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republic | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 3,103,200 | 949,280 | 1922 |
15 | North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of | Vladikavkaz | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 8,000 | 710,275 | 1924 |
16 | Tatarstan, Republic of | Kazan | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga | 68,000 | 3,779,265 | 1920 |
17 | Tuva Republic | Kyzyl | ![]() |
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republic | Siberian | East Siberian | 170,500 | 305,510 | 1944 |
18 | Udmurt Republic | Izhevsk | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Ural | 42,100 | 1,570,316 | 1920 |
19 | Khakassia, Republic of | Abakan | ![]() |
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republic | Siberian | East Siberian | 61,900 | 546,072 | 1930 |
20 | Chechen Republic | Grozny | ![]() |
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republic | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 15,300 | 1,103,686 | 1991 |
21 | Chuvash Republic | Cheboksary | ![]() |
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republic | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 18,300 | 1,313,754 | 1920 |
22 | Altai Krai | Barnaul | ![]() |
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krai | Siberian | West Siberian | 169,100 | 2,607,426 | 1937 |
23 | Krasnodar Krai | Krasnodar | ![]() |
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krai | Southern | North Caucasus | 76,000 | 5,125,221 | 1937 |
24 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | Krasnoyarsk | ![]() |
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krai | Siberian | East Siberian | 2,339,700 | 2,966,042 | 1934 |
25 | Primorsky Krai | Vladivostok | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 165,900 | 2,071,210 | 1938 |
26 | Stavropol Krai | Stavropol | ![]() |
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krai | North Caucasian | North Caucasus | 66,500 | 2,735,139 | 1934 |
27 | Khabarovsk Krai | Khabarovsk | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 788,600 | 1,436,570 | 1938 |
28 | Amur Oblast | Blagoveshchensk | ![]() |
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oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 363,700 | 902,844 | 1932 |
29 | Arkhangelsk Oblast | Arkhangelsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northern | 587,400 | 1,336,539 | 1937 |
30 | Astrakhan Oblast | Astrakhan | ![]() |
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oblast | Southern | Volga | 44,100 | 1,005,276 | 1943 |
31 | Belgorod Oblast | Belgorod | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 27,100 | 1,511,620 | 1954 |
32 | Bryansk Oblast | Bryansk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 34,900 | 1,378,941 | 1944 |
33 | Vladimir Oblast | Vladimir | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 29,000 | 1,523,990 | 1944 |
34 | Volgograd Oblast | Volgograd | ![]() |
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oblast | Southern | Volga | 113,900 | 2,699,223 | 1937 |
35 | Vologda Oblast | Vologda (Largest city: Cherepovets) |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northern | 145,700 | 1,269,568 | 1937 |
36 | Voronezh Oblast | Voronezh | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 52,400 | 2,378,803 | 1934 |
37 | Ivanovo Oblast | Ivanovo | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 21,800 | 1,148,329 | 1936 |
38 | Irkutsk Oblast | Irkutsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | East Siberian | 767,900 | 2,581,705 | 1937 |
39 | Kaliningrad Oblast | Kaliningrad | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Kaliningrad | 15,100 | 955,281 | 1946 |
40 | Kaluga Oblast | Kaluga | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 29,900 | 1,041,641 | 1944 |
41 | Kamchatka Krai | Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 472,300 | 358,801 | 2007 |
42 | Kemerovo Oblast | Kemerovo | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 95,500 | 2,899,142 | 1943 |
43 | Kirov Oblast | Kirov | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 120,800 | 1,503,529 | 1934 |
44 | Kostroma Oblast | Kostroma | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 60,100 | 736,641 | 1944 |
45 | Kurgan Oblast | Kurgan | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | Ural | 71,000 | 1,019,532 | 1943 |
46 | Kursk Oblast | Kursk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 29,800 | 1,235,091 | 1934 |
47 | Leningrad Oblast | Largest city: Gatchina[b] | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northwestern | 84,500 | 1,669,205 | 1927 |
48 | Lipetsk Oblast | Lipetsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 24,100 | 1,213,499 | 1954 |
49 | Magadan Oblast | Magadan | ![]() |
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oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 461,400 | 182,726 | 1953 |
50 | Moscow Oblast | Largest city: Balashikha[c] | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 44,300[7] | 6,618,538 | 1929 |
51 | Murmansk Oblast | Murmansk | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northern | 144,900 | 892,534 | 1938 |
52 | Nizhny Novgorod Oblast | Nizhny Novgorod | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga-Vyatka | 76,900 | 3,524,028 | 1936 |
53 | Novgorod Oblast | Veliky Novgorod | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northwestern | 55,300 | 694,355 | 1944 |
54 | Novosibirsk Oblast | Novosibirsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 178,200 | 2,692,251 | 1937 |
55 | Omsk Oblast | Omsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 139,700 | 2,079,220 | 1934 |
56 | Orenburg Oblast | Orenburg | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Ural | 124,000 | 2,179,551 | 1934 |
57 | Oryol Oblast | Oryol | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 24,700 | 860,262 | 1937 |
58 | Penza Oblast | Penza | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 43,200 | 1,452,941 | 1939 |
59 | Perm Krai | Perm | ![]() |
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krai | Volga | Ural | 160,600 | 2,819,421 | 2005 |
60 | Pskov Oblast | Pskov | ![]() |
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oblast | Northwestern | Northwestern | 55,300 | 760,810 | 1944 |
61 | Rostov Oblast | Rostov-on-Don | ![]() |
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oblast | Southern | North Caucasus | 100,800 | 4,404,013 | 1937 |
62 | Ryazan Oblast | Ryazan | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 39,600 | 1,227,910 | 1937 |
63 | Samara Oblast | Samara | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 53,600 | 3,239,737 | 1928 |
64 | Saratov Oblast | Saratov | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 100,200 | 2,668,310 | 1936 |
65 | Sakhalin Oblast | Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 87,100 | 546,695 | 1947 |
66 | Sverdlovsk Oblast | Yekaterinburg | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | Ural | 194,800 | 4,486,214 | 1935 |
67 | Smolensk Oblast | Smolensk | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 49,800 | 1,049,574 | 1937 |
68 | Tambov Oblast | Tambov | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central Black Earth | 34,300 | 1,178,443 | 1937 |
69 | Tver Oblast | Tver | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 84,100 | 1,471,459 | 1935 |
70 | Tomsk Oblast | Tomsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Siberian | West Siberian | 316,900 | 1,046,039 | 1944 |
71 | Tula Oblast | Tula | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 25,700 | 1,675,758 | 1937 |
72 | Tyumen Oblast | Tyumen | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | West Siberian | 143,520 | 3,264,841 | 1944 |
73 | Ulyanovsk Oblast | Ulyanovsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Volga | Volga | 37,300 | 1,382,811 | 1943 |
74 | Chelyabinsk Oblast | Chelyabinsk | ![]() |
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oblast | Ural | Ural | 87,900 | 3,603,339 | 1934 |
75 | Zabaykalsky Krai | Chita | ![]() |
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krai | Far Eastern | East Siberian | 431,500 | 1,155,346 | 2008 |
76 | Yaroslavl Oblast | Yaroslavl | ![]() |
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oblast | Central | Central | 36,400 | 1,367,398 | 1936 |
77 | Moscow | — | ![]() |
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federal city | Central | Central | 2,511 | 10,382,754 | |
78 | Saint Petersburg | — | ![]() |
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federal city | Northwestern | Northwestern | 1,439 | 4,662,547 | |
79 | Jewish Autonomous Oblast | Birobidzhan | ![]() |
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autonomous oblast | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 36,000 | 190,915 | 1934 |
83 | Nenets Autonomous Okrug | Naryan-Mar | ![]() |
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autonomous okrug | Northwestern | Northern | 176,700 | 41,546 | 1929 |
86 | Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra | Khanty-Mansiysk (Largest city: Surgut) |
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autonomous okrug | Ural | West Siberian | 523,100 | 1,432,817 | 1930 |
87 | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug | Anadyr | ![]() |
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autonomous okrug | Far Eastern | Far Eastern | 737,700 | 53,824 | 1930 |
89 | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | Salekhard (Largest city: Noyabrsk) |
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autonomous okrug | Ural | West Siberian | 750,300 | 507,006 | 1930 |
91 | Republic of Crimea[d] | Simferopol | ![]() |
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republic | Southern[8][9] | North Caucasus | 26,964[10] | 1,966,801[11] | 2014 |
92 | Sevastopol[d] | — | ![]() |
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federal city | Southern[8][9] | North Caucasus | 864[12] | 379,200[12] | 2014 |
a. ^ The largest city is also listed when it is different from the capital/administrative center.
b. ^ According to Article 13 of the Charter of Leningrad Oblast, the governing bodies of the oblast are located in the city of St. Petersburg. However, St. Petersburg is not officially named to be the administrative center of the oblast.
c. ^ According to Article 24 of the Charter of Moscow Oblast, the governing bodies of the oblast are located in the city of Moscow and throughout the territory of Moscow Oblast. However, Moscow is not officially named to be the administrative center of the oblast.
d. ^ Not recognized internationally as a part of Russia.
e. ^ In February 2000, the former code of 20 for the Chechen Republic was cancelled and replaced with code 95. License plate production was suspended due to the Chechen Wars, causing numerous issues, which in turn forced the region to use a new code.
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