airchipelagic sovereign state in the Caribbean From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Trinidad an Tobago, kent offeecially as the Republic o Trinidad an Tobago (pronounced /ˌtrɪnɨdæd ən tɵˈbeɪɡoʊ/ (deprecatit template)) is an archipelagic state[9] in the soothren Caribbean, lyin juist aff the coast o northeastren Venezuela an sooth o Grenada in the Lesser Antilles. It shares maritime boondaries wh ither naitions includin Barbados tae the northeast, Guyana tae the sootheast, an Venezuela tae the sooth an wast.[10][11]
Republic o Trinidad an Tobago | |
---|---|
Caipital | Port o Spainie 10°40′N 61°31′W |
Lairgest ceety | Chaguanas[1] 10°30′N 61°23′W |
Offeecial leids | Inglis |
Vernacular leid | Trinidadian Creole an Tobagonian Creole |
Ethnic groups (2011[2]) |
|
Releegion | [2][3] |
Demonym(s) | Trinidadian Trini (colloquial) Tobagonian |
Govrenment | Unitar pairlamentar constitutional republic |
• Preses | Paula-Mae Weekes |
• Prime Meenister | Keith Rowley |
• Leader o the Opposeetion | Kamla Persad-Bissessar |
• Speaker o the Hoose o Representatives | Brigid Annisette-George |
• Preses o the Senate | Christine Kangaloo |
• Chief Juistice | Ivor Archie |
Legislatur | Pairlament |
• Upper house | Senate |
• Lower house | Hoose o Representatives |
Establishment | |
1498 | |
• Colonised bi the Spaingie | 1530 |
• Spainie cedes Trinidad an Tobago (as separate colonies) tae the Unitit Kinrick at the Treaty o Amiens | 25 March 1802 |
• Unification o Trinidad an Tobago | 1889 |
• Pairt o the Wast Indies Federation | 3 Januar 1958 tae 31 Mey 1962 |
31 August 1962 | |
• Jyns CARICOM at the Treaty o Chaguaramas | 1 August 1973 |
• Republic | 1 August 1976 |
Aurie | |
• Total | 5,131 km2 (1,981 sq mi) (171st) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
Population | |
• 2015 estimate | 1,349,667[4] |
• 2011 census | 1,328,019[5] |
• Density | 254.4/km2 (658.9/sq mi) |
GDP (PPP) | 2017 estimate |
• Total | $44.654 billion[6] (110t) |
• Per capita | $32,520[6] (36th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2017 estimate |
• Tot | $21.748 billion[6] |
• Per capita | $15,838[6] |
Gini (2012) | 39.0[7] medium |
HDI (2014) | 0.772[8] heich · 64t |
Currency | Trinidad an Tobago dollar (TTD) |
Time zone | UTC-4 (Atlantic Staundart Time) |
UTC-4 (nae observed) | |
Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
Drivin side | caur |
Cawin code | +1 (868) |
ISO 3166 code | TT |
Internet TLD | .tt |
|
The kintra covers an aurie o 5,128 square kilometres (1,980 sq mi)[12] an consists o twa main islands, Trinidad an Tobago, an numerous smawer landforms. Trinidad is the lairger an mair populous o the main islands; Tobago is muckle smawer, comprisin aboot 6% o the total aurie an 4% o the entire population which is estimatit at 1.3 million (2005). The naition lies ootside the hurricane belt.
Trinidad an Tobago wis a Spainyie colony frae the times o Christopher Columbus tae 1802, when it wis cedit tae Breetain. The kintra obtained unthirldom in 1962, becomin a republic in 1976. Unlike maist o the Inglis-speakin Caribbean, Trinidad an Tobago's economy is primarily industrial,[13] wi an emphasis on petroleum an petrochemicals. Trinidad an Tobago haes a soond macroeconomic framewirk an a lang tradition o institutional stability. It scores relatively well in mony o the 10 economic freedoms, an its economy haes grown at an average rate o close tae 7 percent ower the period 2003 - 2008. The govrenment haes tried tae diversify the economic base, an the kintra haes evolved intae a key financial center in the Caribbean region.
Trinidad an Tobago is kent for its Carnival an is the birthplace o steelpan,[14] calypso,[15][16] soca, an limbo.