Sarajevo

Sarajevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Сарајево) is the caipital an lairgest ceety o Bosnie an Herzegovinae, 310,605 fowk in the fower municipalities that make up the ceety proper, an a metro aurie population of 436,572 fowk in the Sarajevo Canton (2010). It is an aa the caipital o the Federation o Bosnie an Herzegovinae entity, as well as the centre o the Sarajevo Canton. Sarajevo is locatit in the Sarajevo valley o Bosnie, surroondit bi the Dinaric Alps an situatit aroond the Miljacka river.

Sarajevo
Ceety
Ceety o Sarajevo Grad Sarajevo Град Сарајево
Banner Seal
Bosnia an Herzegovina surroondin Sarajevo (daurk green, centre)
Coordinates: 43°52′0″N 18°25′0″E
Kintra	Bosnie an Herzegovinae
Entity	Federation o Bosnie an Herzegovinae
Canton	Sarajevo Canton
Municipalities	4
Govrenment
• Mayor	Alija Behmen (SDP)
Area [1]
• Urban	141.5 km2 (54.6 sq mi)
Elevation	518 m (1,699 ft)
Population  (31 August 2011)[2]
• Ceety	311,161
• Density	2202.9/km2 (5,705/sq mi)
• Urban	438,757
• Metro	900,000 (est.)
• Demonym	Sarajlija
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	71000
Area code(s)	+387 (33)
Website	Ceety o Sarajevo

The ceety is famous for its traditional releegious diversity, wi adherents o Islam, Orthodoxy, Catholicism an Judaism coexistin there for centuries.^[3] Due tae this lang and rich history o releegious diversity an coexistence Sarajevo haes aften been cawed the "Jerusalem o Europe".^[4]

Although settlement in the aurie stretches back tae prehistoric times, the modren ceety arose as an Ottoman stranghauld in the 15t century.^[5] Sarajevo haes attractit internaitional attention several times throughoot its history: In 1914 it wis the site o the assassination that sparked Warld War I, while seiventy years later it became the host ceety o the 1984 Winter Oleempics. Mair recently, Sarajevo unnerwent the Siege o Sarajevo durin the Bosnian War. The day the ceety is recoverin an adjustin tae a post-war reality, as a major centre o cultur an economic development in Bosnie an Herzegovinae.^[6] Sarajevo wis an aa the first ceety in Europe an the seicont ceety in the warld tae hae a full-time operational electric tram netwirk runnin through the ceety, the first being San Francisco.^[7] Lonely Planet haes named Sarajevo as the 43rd best ceety in the warld,^[8] an in December 2009 leetit Sarajevo as ane o the tap ten ceeties tae visit in 2010.^[9]

Etymology

The earliest name for a major ceety in the region o the day's Sarajevo is Vrhbosna. Tae claim housomeivver that Sarajevo an Vrhbosna are ane an the same wad be faulty, considerin that the latter seems tae hae been destroyed weel afore the Ottomans occupied the region. Rather, the ceety o Sarajevo as we ken it wis biggit directly on tap o the Bosnian veelage o Brodac.

Sarajevo housomeivver is the ae true historical name for the ceety. The oreegins o the wird are no mystery. Sarajevo is a Slavic wird based on Saray, the Turkis wird for the govrenor's palace. The ruit can be seen in the Turkis name for Sarajevo, Saraybosna, an various auries o Turkey. The letter Y daes no exist in the Bosnie version o the Laitin alphabet, an "evo" comes frae "Ovasi" ("Saray Ovasi"), giein the name the basic meanin "the field aroond the palace".

Sarajevo haes haed mony eiknames. The earliest is Šeher, whilk is the term Isa-Beg Ishaković uised tae descreive the toun he wis gaein tae big. Literally it is a Turkis wird indicatin an advanced ceety o key importance (şehir) that in turn comes frae Persian شهر Shahr "Ceety" . As Sarajevo developit, numerous eiknames came frae comparisons tae ither ceeties in the Islamic warld, i.e. "Damascus o the North". The maist popular o thir wis "European Jerusalem" whilk wis a comparison gien tae the ceety bi its Sephardic Jewish populace.

Some argue that a mair correct translate o 'saray' is govrenment office, or hoose; 'saray' is a common wird in Turkis for a palace or mansion; a fortified govrenment office, or hoose, thou wad still be cawed a saray, gin it maintained the general leuk o an office, itherwise it wad be cawed 'kale' (castle).

Internaitional relations

Relatit page: Leet o twin touns an sister ceeties in Bosnie an Herzegovinae

Twin touns – Sister ceeties

Sarajevo is twinned wi:^[10]

Zagreb, Croatie (syne 2001)[10][11] Ljubljana, Slovenie (syne 2002)[10] Salt Lake Ceety, Unitit States (syne 2002)[10] Cairo, Egyp (syne 2006)[10] Dubrovnik, Croatie (syne 2006)[10] Skopje, Macedonie (syne 2006)[10][12] Konya, Turkey (syne 2007)[10]

Fraternity ceeties

Sarajevo's fraternity ceeties include:^[13]

Bursa in Turkey (syne 1979) Akhisar in Turkey Istanbul in Turkey (syne 1997)[14][15] Ankara in Turkey (syne 2007) Tianjin in Cheenae (syne 1981) Shanghai in Cheenae Venice in Italy (syne 1994) Collegno in Italy (syne 1994) Ferrara in Italy (syne 1978) Naples in Italy (syne 1976) Prato in Italy (syne 1995)

Budapest in Hungary (syne 1995)[16][17] Karlovac in Croatie Wolfsburg in Germany (syne 1985) Magdeburg in Germany (syne 1972) Friedrichshafen in Germany (syne 1972) Madrid in Spain (syne 2007) Barcelona in Spain (syne 1986)[18] Innsbruck in Austrick (syne 1980) Amsterdam in Netherlands Serre Chevalier in Fraunce (syne 1995) Skopje in Macedonie (syne 2007)

Coventry in Unitit Kinrick (syne 1957) Stockholm in Swaden (syne 1997) Tábor in Czech Republic Tirana in Albanie (syne 1996) Dayton in Unitit States (syne 1999) Baku in Azerbaijan (syne 1972) Kuwait Ceety in Kuwait (syne 1998) Algiers in Algerie Tlemcen in Algerie (syne 1964) Tripoli in Libie (syne 1976)

References

1. Sarajevo Official Web Site. About Sarajevo.Sarajevo Top city guide. Retrieved on 4 March 2007.
2. "First release" (PDF). Federal Office of Statistics, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. 31 August 2011. p. 3. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 11 Mey 2013. Retrieved 31 August 2011.
3. Malcolm, Noel. Bosnia: A Short History. ISBN 0-8147-5561-5.
4. Stilinovic, Josip (3 January 2002). In Europe's Jerusalem Catholic World News. The city’s principal mosques are the Gazi Husreff-Bey’s Mosque, or Begova Džamija (1530), and the Mosque of Ali Pasha (1560–61). Retrieved on 5 August 2006.
5. Valerijan, Žujo; Imamović, Mustafa; Ćurovac, Muhamed. Sarajevo.
6. Kelley, Steve. Rising Sarajevo finds hope again. The Seattle Times. Retrieved on 19 August 2006.
7. Lonely Planet: Best Cities in the World
8. Lonely Planet (March 2006). The Cities Book: A Journey Through The Best Cities In The World. Lonely Planet Publications, ISBN 1-74104-731-5.
9. "Lonely Planet's Top 10 Cities 2010 | Lonely Planet's Top 10 Cities 2010". News.com.au. Archived frae the original on 10 October 2010. Retrieved 19 Januar 2010.
10. daenet d.o.o. "Sarajevo Official Web Site : Sister cities". Sarajevo.ba. Archived frae the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 6 Mey 2009.
12. "Official portal of City of Skopje - Skopje Sister Cities". 2006-2009 City of Skopje. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 14 Julie 2009. freemit airtin in |publisher= (help)
13. "Fraternity cities on Sarajevo Official Web Site". City of Sarajevo 2001-2008. Archived frae the original on 16 Apryle 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
14. "Sister Cities of Istanbul". Archived frae the original on 17 Januar 2010. Retrieved 8 September 2007.
15. Erdem, Selim Efe (3 November 2003). "İstanbul'a 49 kardeş" (in Turkis). Radikal. 49 sister cities in 2003CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
16. "Sister City - Budapest". Official website of New York City. Archived frae the original on 21 Apryle 2008. Retrieved 14 Mey 2008.
17. "Sister cities of Budapest" (in Hungarian). Official Website of Budapest. Archived frae the original on 9 Mairch 2005. Retrieved 31 Januar 2008.
18. "Official Barcelona Website: Sister Cities". Ajuntament de Barcelona 1995-2008. Archived frae the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2008.

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