Dagestan

The Republic o Dagestan (/[unsupported input]dɑːɡᵻˈstɑːn/ or /dæɡᵻˈstæn/; Roushie: Респу́блика Дагеста́н, Respublika Dagestan; an aw spelt Daghestan) is a federal subject (a republic) o Roushie, locatit in the North Caucasus region. Its caipital an the lairgest ceety is Makhachkala, locatit at the centre o Dagestan on the Caspian Sea. Population: 2,910,249 (2010 Census).^[7]

Republic o Dagestan
Republic
Республика Дагестан
Banner Coat airms
Anthem: Naitional Anthem o the Republic o Dagestan
Coordinates: 43°06′N 46°53′E
Kintra	Roushie
Federal destrict	North Caucasian[1]
Economic region	North Caucasus[2]
Established	10 Januar 1921[3]
Caipital	Makhachkala
Govrenment
• Bodi	Fowkassembly[4]
• Preses[4]	Magomedsalam Magomedov[5]
Area [6]
• Total	50300 km2 (19,400 sq mi)
Area rank	52nt
Population  (2010 Census)[7]
• Total	2,910,249
• Estimate  (2018)[8]	3,063,885 (+5.3%)
• Rank	12t
• Density	58/km2 (150/sq mi)
• Urban	45.2%
• Rural	54.8%
Time zone	UTC+3 (Moscow Time [9])
ISO 3166 code	RU-DA
License plates	05
OKTMO ID	82000000
Offeecial leids	Roushie;[10] Aghul, Avar, Azeri, Chechen, Dargwa, Kumyk, Lak, Lezgian, Nogai, Rutul, Tabasaran, Tat, Tsakhur[11][12]
Website	http://www.e-dag.ru/

Dagestan is ethnically vera diverse, wi several dozen ethnic groups an subgroups inhabitin the republic, maist o which speak aither Caucasian, Turkic, or Iranian leids. Lairgest amang thir ethnic groups are the Avar, Dargin, Kumyk, Lezgin, an Laks.^[13] While Roushies form anerlie a sma proportion (4.7%) o the population, Roushie remains the primary offeecial leid.

Dagestan haes been a scene o law-level Islamic insurgency, occasional ootbreaks o separatism, ethnic tensions an terrorism syne the 1990s. Accordin tae International Crisis Group, the militant Islamist organisation Shariat Jamaat is responsible for hintle o the violence.^[14] Hintle o the tension is ruitit in an internal Islamic conflict atween traditional Sufi groups advocatin secular govrenment an mair recently introducit Salafist teachers preachin the implementation o Sharia law in Dagestan.

Toponymy

The wird Dagestan is o Turkic oreegin. Dag means 'muntain' an -stan is a Persie suffix meanin 'land'. The wird Dagestan therefore means "the land o muntains". Some areas o Dagestan wur kent as Albanie, Avaria, an Tarkov at various times.^[15]

Names for Dagestan

• Avar - Дагъистаналъул Республика (Dağistanal‘ul Respublika)
• Dargin - Дагъистанес Республика (Dağistanes Respublika)
• Kumyk - Дагъыстан Республикасы (Dağıstan Respublikası)
• Lezgian - Дагъустандин Республика (Dağustandin Respublika)
• Lak - Дагъустаннал Республика (Dağustannal Respublika)
• Tabasaran - Дагъустан Республика (Dağustan Respublika)
• Turkis - Dağıstan Cumhuriyeti
• Azerbaijani - Dağıstan Respublikası
• Chechen - Dexasta-çö.

Geography

The republic is situatit in the North Caucasus muntains. It is the soothmaist pairt o Roushie, an is bordered on its eastren side bi the Caspian Sea.

• Area: 50,300 square kilometer (19,400 sq mi)
• Borders:
  • internal: Kalmykie (N), Chechenie (W), an Stavropol Krai (NW)
  • internaitional: Azerbaijan (S), Georgie (SW)
  • watter: Caspian Sea (E)
• Heichest point: Bazardyuzi Muntain (4,466 m)
• Maximum north-sooth distance: 400 kilometer (250 mi)
• Maximum east-wast distance: 200 kilometer (120 mi)

Rivers

Cairt o Dagestan

Thare are ower 1,800 rivers in the republic. Major rivers include:

• Sulak River
• Samur River
• Terek River
• Rubas River
• Avar Koisu

Lakes

Dagestan haes aboot 400 kilometer (250 mi) o coast line on the Caspian Sea.

Muntains

Maist o the Republic is muntainous, wi the Greater Caucasus Muntains coverin the sooth. The heichest pynt is the Bazardyuzi peak at 4,466 m.

Natural resources

Dagestan is rich in Ile, natural gas, coal, an mony ither minerals.

Climate

The climate is het an dry in the simmer but the winters are haurd in the muntain areas.

• Average Januar temperatur: +2 °C (36 °F)
• Average Julie temperatur: +26 °C (79 °F)
• Average annual precipitation: 250 (northren plains) tae 800 mm (in the muntains).

Admeenistrative diveesions

Main airticle: Admeenistrative diveesions o Dagestan

See an aw

• Insurgency in the North Caucasus
• Leet o clashes in the North Caucasus
• Former countries in Europe after 1815
• Muusic o Dagestan