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Indium |
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Pronunciation | (IN-dee-əm) |
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Appearance | sillery lustrous gray |
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Standard atomic weight Ar, std(In) | 7002114818000000000♠114.818(1)[1] |
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Indium in the periodic cairt |
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Atomic nummer (Z) | 49 |
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Group | group 13 (boron group) |
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Period | period 5 |
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Block | p-block |
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Element category | Post-transeetion metal |
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Electron confeeguration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 18, 3 |
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Pheesical properties |
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Phase at STP | solit |
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Meltin pynt | 429.7485 K (156.5985 °C, 313.8773 °F) |
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Bylin pynt | 2345 K (2072 °C, 3762 °F) |
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Density (near r.t.) | 7.31 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 7.02 g/cm3 |
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Treeple pynt | 429.7445 K, ~1[2] kPa |
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Heat o fusion | 3.281 kJ/mol |
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Heat o vapourisation | 231.8 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 26.74 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapour pressur
P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
at T (K) |
1196 |
1325 |
1485 |
1690 |
1962 |
2340 |
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Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | −5, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3[3] (an amphoteric oxide) |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.78 |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 167 pm |
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Covalent radius | 142±5 pm |
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Van der Waals radius | 193 pm |
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Spectral lines o indium |
Ither properties |
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Naitural occurrence | primordial |
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Creestal structur | tetragonal |
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Speed o soond thin rod | 1215 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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Thermal expansion | 32.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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Thermal conductivity | 81.8 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | 83.7 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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Magnetic orderin | diamagnetic[4] |
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Young's modulus | 11 GPa |
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Mohs haurdness | 1.2 |
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Brinell haurdness | 8.83 MPa |
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CAS Nummer | 7440-74-6 |
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History |
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Diskivery | Ferdinand Reich an Hieronymous Theodor Richter (1863) |
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First isolation | Hieronymous Theodor Richter (1867) |
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Main isotopes o indium |
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Decay modes in parentheses are predictit, but hae nae yet been observed |
| references |