Iura humana[1] vel iura hominis[2] sunt "prima iura omnibus hominibus pertinentes,"[3] "usitate considerata principalia iura quae abalienari non possunt, quae persona per se commeritur tantum quia ea vel is homovivit."[4] Iura humana ergo concipiuntur universa (quae ubique adhiberi possunt) et aequalitariana (idem pro omnibus). Haec iura exsistere possunt iura naturalia vel iura legitima, in legesnationales et internationales digesta (Nickel 2010). Doctrina iurum humanorum in facinoribus internationalibus, intra iura internationalia institutionesque orbis terrarum et regionum, in rationibus civitatum suorum iuris gerendis, et in actionibus organizationum non gubernationalium fuit fundamenda rationis publicae omnem per orbem terrarum. Beitz, in libroThe Idea of Human Rights, docet: "Si sermo publicus de societateorbis terrarum tempore pacis communem morumlinguam habere dicitur, haec est lingua iurum humanorum."[5] Contra hoc, postulationes quae a doctrina iurum humanorum vehementer adfirmantur magnum scepticismum gravesque disceptationes de corpore, natura, et excusationibus iurum humanorum iam commovent. Immo, ipsa notionis "iuris" significatio est controversa et res perpetuae disceptationis philosophicae (Shaw 2008:265).
Iura humana sunt "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights[,] to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being" (Sepúlveda et al. 2004:3).
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