Paries cellularis est stratum structurale quod nonnulla cellularum genera aliquantulum extra membranam cellularum circumdat. Durum, flexibile, aliquando rigidum esse potest. Cellulae subsidium structurale et tutelam dat, et rationi percolandi prodest.[1] Parietes cellulares in plurimis prokaryotis (praeter bacteriamollicutica), atque in algis, fungis, et eukaryotis (plantis non exclusis) adsunt, sed in animalibus carent. Praesertim vasapressurae agunt, cytolysemcellulae cum aqua intret prohibentia.
Compositio parietum cellularium inter species variat, et de genere et statione maturationis dependere potest. Prima embryophytorum paries cellularis ex polysaccharidiscellulosa, hemicellulosis, et pectino constat. Ligninum, suberinum, cutinum, aliique polymeri saepe intra parietes cellulares iacent. Algis sunt parietes cellulares ex glycoproteino et polysaccharidis sicut carrageenano et agar factae, quae in plantisterrestribus absunt. In bacteriis, paries cellularis in peptidoglycano consistit. Parietibus archaearum sunt variae compositiones, quae in glycoproteno, strato S, pseudopeptidoglycano, vel polysaccharidis consistere possunt. Fungis sunt parietes cellulares ex chitino, polymero N-acetylglucosamino, factae. Diatomis insolite est paries cellularis quae in silica biogenica consistit.[2]
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