dynastia Sinica From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Familia Song (Mandarinice 宋朝; pinyinSòng cháo) fuit imperialis Sinarumfamilia, quae inter annos 960 et 1279 regnabat. Quam familiam Taizuimperator condidit, regnodomus Zhou posterioris posterioris usurpato, quem temporis intervallum Quinque Familiarum et Decem Regnorum spatium terminavit. Familia ipsa saepenumero cum coaevo Liao, Xia Occidentali, et Jin, familiis Sinarum septentrionalium conflictaratur. Decenniis post resistentiae armatae meridianas Sinas defendentis, demum Mongoli, nomine familiae Yuan, dicioni suae subiecerunt.
Taizong Imperator Songensis (regnavit 976–997), pictura curialis.Taizu Imperator Songensis (regnavit 960–976), pictura curialis.
Regnum Songense in duo temporis spatia dividitur: Song septentrionale et meridianum. Song septentrionali regnante (960–1127), caput urbis septentrionalis Bianjing (nunc Kaifeng) erat, et familia maximam partem moderabatur terrae quae nunc Sinae Orientales occupant. Song Meridianum (1127–1279) ad tempus pertinet postquam dynastia potestatem super dimidium septentrionale terrae dynastiae Jin in bellis Jin-Song amisit. Eo tempore, curia Song recessit meridiana parte Fluminis Caerulei et caput eius Lin'an constituebat.
Quamvis familia priorum terrarum Sinensium apud Flumen Flavum potestatem amisit, Imperium Song meridianum magnum regnicolarum numerum agrosque fecundos continuit, quae oeconomiam robustam sustinuerunt. Anno 1234, familiam Jin occupaverunt Mongoli, qui exinde Sinas septentrionales moderari coeperant, relationes difficiles cum Song meridiano conservantes. Möngke Imperii Mongolici chanis, anno 1259 obiit castellum Diaoyucheng obsessurus. Kublai, frater natu minor et successor chanis, mox imperator Sinensis declaratus, familiam Yuan condidit. Transactis belli praedatorii decennis, copiae chanis domum Song anno 1279 occupaverunt, devicerunt, Sinas dicione suae reuniverunt.
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