Dimetrodon

Dimetrodon (Graece, 'duas dentium mensuras' significans) est exstinctum synapsidorum non mammalianorum genus, cuius species in vita per aevum Permianum iniens erant, abhinc annorum a 295 ad 272 fere milliones.^[1][2][3] Pars est familiae Sphenacodontidarum. Eius proprietas notissima est magnum spinarum neuralium velum in tergo positum, spinis praelongis ex vertebris extendentibus effectum. Dimetrodonta quattuor cruribus ambulabat, atque ei erat calvaria alta magnique variarum magnitudinum dentes secundum maxillas positi. Plurima eius fossilia in Civitatibus Foederatis meridianis occidentalibusque effossa sunt, maiore parte ex Stratis Rubris Texiae et Oclahomae, vetere deposito geologico; nuper autem, fossilia in Germania inventa sunt. Plus quam duodecim species rite describuntur ex anno 1878, cum genus primum erectum esset.

Sceletus Dimetrodontis limbati. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe

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Animalia — Chordata

Familia : †Sphenacodontidae 
Subfamilia : †Sphenacodontinae 
Genus : †Dimetrodon 
Cope, 1878

   

Palaeontologia

Cisuralianum, 295–272 m.a.: 

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Subdivisiones: Species

Species typica

†Clepsydrops limbatus Cope, 1877

Dimetrodon giganhomogenes refectus, apicibus spinarum neuralium expositis.

Calvaria Dimetrodontis grandis.

Phylogenia

Hic est cladogramma cladi Synapsidorum, ex explicatione Benson 2012.^[4]

Variae Dimetrodontis species restitutae.

Amniota	Sauropsida (cum dinoasuris, reptiliibus, et avibus vivis) Synapsida †Ophiacodontidae †Varanopidae †Caseasauria †Ianthodon schultzei †Edaphosauridae Sphenacodontia †Haptodus garnettensis †Pantelosaurus saxonicus †Sphenacodontidae †Cutleria wilmarthi †Secodontosaurus obtusidens †Cryptovenator hirschbergeri †Dimetrodon spp. †Sphenacodon spp. Therapsida (including mammals)

Coniunctiones variarum Dimetrodontis specierum, ex Brink et al. 2015.^[5]

Sphenacodontidae	Secodontosaurus Sphenacodon Ctenospondylus Dimetrodon milleri Dimetrodon limbatus Dimetrodon borealis Dimetrodon grandis

Notae

1. "Dimetrodon". Paleobiology Database .
2. Angielczyk, K. D. (2009). "Dimetrodon Is Not a Dinosaur: Using Tree Thinking to Understand the Ancient Relatives of Mammals and their Evolution". Evolution: Education and Outreach 2 (2): 257–71 .
3. Huttenlocker, A. K.; Rega, E. (2012). "The Paleobiology and Bone Microstructure of Pelycosauriangrade Synapsids". In Chinsamy, A.. Forerunners of Mammals: Radiation, Histology, Biology. Indiana University Press. pp. 90–119. ISBN 978-0-253-35697-0 .
5. Brink, Kirstin S.; Maddin, Hillary C.; Evans, David C.; Reisz, Robert R.; Sues, Hans-Dieter (2015). "Re-evaluation of the historic Canadian fossil Bathygnathus borealisfrom the Early Permian of Prince Edward Island". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 52 (12): 1109–1120 .

Bibliographia

• Baur, G., et E. C. Case. 1899. "The history of the Pelycosauria, with a description of the genus Dimetrodon, Cope." Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 20 (1): 5–62. doi:10.2307/1005488. hdl:2027/uc1.32106020416696. JSTOR 1005488.
• Nevo, Annapaola del. 2000. Dimetrodon. Novi Eboraci: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 0810956624.
• Olson, E. C., et J. R. Beerbower. 1953. "The San Angelo Formation, Permian of Texas, and Its Vertebrates." The Journal of Geology 61 (5): 389–423. Bibcode:1953JG.....61..389O. doi:10.1086/626109. S2CID 128681671.
• Olson, E. C. 1955. "Parallelism in the evolution of the Permian reptilian faunas of the Old and New Worlds." Fieldiana 37 (13): 385–401.Editio interretialis.
• Sandell, Elizabeth J. 1989. Dimetrodon: the sail-backed reptile. Ed. Marjorie L. Oelerich et Harlan S. Hansen; illust. Vista III Design. Neapoli Floridae: Bancroft-Sage Pub., c1989. ISBN 0944280153.
• Sternberg, C. W. 1942. "The skeleton of an immature pelycosaur, Dimetrodon cf. grandis, from the Permian of Texas." Journal of Paleontology 16 (4): 485–86. JSTOR 1298848.

Nexus externi

Situs scientifici:  • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • Fossilworks

• Dimetrodon. Palaeos.
• "Introduction to the Pelycosaurs." University of California Museum of Paleontology.
• "Dimetrodon: Our Most Unlikely Ancestor". PBS Eons. 21 Augusti 2017 .