Loading AI tools
विकिपीडिया से, मुक्त विश्वकोश
वे रोग स्वप्रतिरक्षित रोग (Autoimmune diseases) कहलाते हैं जिनके होने पर किसी जीव की प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली अपने ही ऊतकों या शरीर में उपस्थित अन्य पदार्थों को रोगजनक (pathogen) समझने की गलती कर बैठती है और उन्हें समाप्त करने के लिये उन पर हमला कर देती है। इस प्रकार का रोग शरीर के किसी एक अंग में सीमित हो सकता है (जैसे स्वप्रतिरक्षित थॉयराय शोथ (autoimmune thyroiditis) या शरीर के विभिन्न स्थानों पर एक विशेष प्रकार के ऊतक को प्रभावित कर सकता है।
यह सम्पूर्ण पृष्ठ या इसके कुछ अनुभाग हिन्दी के अतिरिक्त अन्य भाषा(ओं) में भी लिखे गए हैं। आप इनका करके विकिपीडिया की सहायता कर सकते हैं। |
स्वप्रतिरक्षित रोगों की चिकित्सा में प्रायः दवाओं का उपयोग करके प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली की सक्रियता को कम किया जाता है जिसे प्रतिरक्षादमन (immunosuppression) कहते हैं।
नाम | Accepted/ suspected |
Hypersensitivity
I, II, III, IV |
आटोएन्टीबॉडी | टिप्पणी |
---|---|---|---|---|
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) | Accepted[1] | |||
Addison's disease | interferon omega; transglutaminase; aromatic acid carboxylase; GAD; HAI; 17 hydroxylase; 21 hydroxylase | |||
Agammaglobulinemia | IGHM; IGLL1: CD79A; CD79B; BLNK; LRRC8A | |||
Alopecia areata | Accepted[2][3] | T-cells | ||
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | ||||
Ankylosing Spondylitis | Accepted[4][5][6] | ANCA? | CD8; HLA-B27 | |
Antiphospholipid syndrome | Accepted[1] | anti-cardiolipin;anti pyruvate dehydrogenase; β2 glycoprotein I; phosphatidylserine; anti apoH; Annexin A5 | HLA-DR7, HLA-B8, HLA-DR2, HLA-DR3 | |
Antisynthetase syndrome | ||||
Atopic allergy | I | |||
Atopic dermatitis | I | |||
Autoimmune aplastic anemia | ||||
Autoimmune cardiomyopathy | Accepted | |||
Autoimmune enteropathy | ||||
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia | Accepted | II | complement activation | |
Autoimmune hepatitis | Accepted | cell-mediated | anti-mitochondrial antibodies; ANA; anti-smooth muscle antibodies, LKM-1; soluble liver antigen | |
Autoimmune inner ear disease | Accepted | [7] | ||
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome | Accepted | TNFRSF6; defective Fas-CD95 apoptosis | ||
Autoimmune peripheral neuropathy | Accepted | |||
Autoimmune pancreatitis | Accepted | ANA; anti-lactoferrin antibodiesanti-carbonic anhydrase antibodies; rheumatoid factor | ||
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome | Accepted | Unknown or multiple | APS-1 see Addison's disease | |
Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis | Accepted | |||
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura | Accepted | anti gpIIb-IIIa or 1b-IX | ||
Autoimmune urticaria | Accepted | [8] | ||
Autoimmune uveitis | Accepted | HLAB-27? | ||
Balo disease/Balo concentric sclerosis | ||||
Behçet's disease | immune-mediated systemic vasculitis; linkage to HLA-B51 (HLA-B27); very different manifestations with ulcers as common symptom; also called Morbus Adamandiades-Behçet | |||
Berger's disease | IgA (elevated in 50% of patients), IgA (in mesangial deposits on kidney biopsy) | |||
Bickerstaff's encephalitis | Anti-GQ1b 2/3 patients | similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome | ||
Blau syndrome | overlaps both sarcoidosis and granuloma annulare | |||
Bullous pemphigoid | IgG autoantibodies targeting the type XVII collagen component of hemidesmosomes | [9] | ||
Cancer | ||||
Castleman's disease | Over expression of IL-6 | |||
सीलिएक रोग | Accepted[10][11][12] | IV?? | Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies | HLA-DQ8 and DQ2.5 |
Chagas disease | Suspected[13] | |||
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy | Anti-ganglioside antibodies:anti-GM1, anti-GD1a, anti-GQ1b | similar to Guillain-Barré syndrome | ||
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis | LPIN2, D18S60,similar to Majeed syndrome | |||
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Suspected[14][15] | |||
Churg-Strauss syndrome | p-ANCA | |||
Cicatricial pemphigoid | anti-BP-1, anti BP-2 | precipitates C3 | ||
Cogan syndrome | ||||
Cold agglutinin disease | Accepted | II | IgM | idiopathic or secondary to leukemia or infection |
Complement component 2 deficiency | ||||
Contact dermatitis | III | |||
Cranial arteritis | aka Temporal arteritis; involves giant cells | |||
CREST syndrome | Anti-centromere antibodies Anti-nuclear antibodies | |||
Crohn's disease (one of two types of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease "IBD") | Accepted[1] | IV | Innate immunity; Th17; Th1; ATG16L1; CARD15;XBP1; | |
Cushing's Syndrome | cortisol binding globulin? | |||
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis | neutrophils | |||
Dego's disease | Vasculopathy | |||
Dercum's disease | Suspected | Lipoid tissue.[16] | ||
Dermatitis herpetiformis | IgA; anti-epidermal transglutaminase antibodies | |||
Dermatomyositis | Accepted[17] | histidine-tRNA anti-signal recognition peptide Anti-Mi-2 Anti-Jo1.[18] | B- and T-cell perivascular inflammatory infiltrate on muscle biopsy | |
टाइप 1 डायबिटीज मेलेटस | Accepted[1] | IV | Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), islet cell antibodies (ICA), and insulinoma-associated autoantibodies (IA-2), anti-insulin antibodies | |
Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis | anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-centromere and anti-scl70/anti-topoisomerase antibodies[19] | COL1A2 and TGF-β1 | ||
Dressler's syndrome | myocardial neo-antigens formed as a result of the MI | |||
Drug-induced lupus | anti-histone | |||
Discoid lupus erythematosus | III | IL-2 and IFN-gamma>[20] | ||
Eczema | LEKTI, SPINK5,[21] filaggrin.,[22] Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Substance P.[23] | |||
Endometriosis | Suspected[24] | |||
Enthesitis-related arthritis[25] | . | MMP3[26] TRLR2, TLR4,[27] ERAP1[28] | ||
Eosinophilic fasciitis | Accepted | |||
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis | IgE | IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF, eotaxin | ||
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita | COL7A1 | |||
Erythema nodosum | ||||
Erythroblastosis fetalis | II | ABO, Rh, Kell antibodies | mother's immune system attacks fetus | |
Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia | ||||
Evan's syndrome | ||||
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva | ACVR1 Lymphocytes express increased BMP4 | |||
Fibrosing alveolitis (or Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) | SFTPA1, SFTPA2, TERT, and TERC.[29] | |||
Gastritis | serum antiparietal and anti-IF antibodies | |||
Gastrointestinal pemphigoid | Accepted | |||
Giant cell arteritis | macrophage giant cells | |||
Glomerulonephritis | Sometimes | IgA | see Buerger's disease for IgA; Membranous glomerulonephritis for IgG; Membranoproliferative/mesangiocapillary GN (Complement activation); Goodpasture's syndrome; Wegener's granulomatosis | |
Goodpasture's syndrome | Accepted[1] | II | Anti-Basement Membrane Collagen Type IV Protein | |
Graves' disease | Accepted[1] | II | thyroid autoantibodies (TSHR-Ab) that activate the TSH-receptor (TSHR) | |
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) | Accepted[1] | IV | Anti-ganglioside | |
Hashimoto's encephalopathy | Accepted[1] | IV | alpha-enolase[30] | |
Hashimoto's thyroiditis | Accepted[1] | IV | antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and/or thyroglobulin | HLADR5, CTLA-4 |
Henoch-Schonlein purpura | immunoglobulin A (IgA) and complement component 3 (C3) | |||
Herpes gestationis aka Gestational Pemphigoid | IgG and C3 misdirected antibodies intended to protect the placenta | |||
Hidradenitis suppurativa | Suspected[31] | |||
Hughes-Stovin syndrome | ||||
Hypogammaglobulinemia | IGHM, IGLL1, CD79A, BLNK, LRRC8A, CD79B | |||
Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases | a variant of multiple sclerosis | |||
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | SFTPA1, SFTPA2, TERT, and TERC.[29] | |||
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (See Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura) | Accepted[1] | II | glycoproteins IIb-IIIa or Ib-IX, immunoglobulin G | |
IgA nephropathy | III? | IgA produced from marrow rather than MALT | ||
Inclusion body myositis | similar to polymyositis but does not respond to steroid therapy-activated T8 cells | |||
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy | anti-ganglioside antibodies | similar to Guillain–Barré syndrome | ||
Interstitial cystitis | Suspected[32] | Mast cells | ||
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis aka Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | inconsistent ANA Rheumatoid factor | |||
Kawasaki's disease | Suspected | ITPKC HLA-B51 | ||
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome | voltage-gated calcium channels; Q-type calcium channel, synaptogagmin, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 | HLA-DR3-B8 | ||
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis | ||||
Lichen planus | ||||
Lichen sclerosus | ||||
Linear IgA disease (LAD) | ||||
Lou Gehrig's disease (Also Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) | VCP, ATXN2, OPTN, FIG4, TARDBP, ANG, VAPB, FUS, SETX, ALS2, SOD1 | |||
Lupoid hepatitis aka Autoimmune hepatitis | ANA and SMA,[33] LKM-1, LKM-2 or LKM-3; antibodies against soluble liver antigen[34][35](anti-SLA, anti-LP) no autoantibodies detected (~20%)[उद्धरण चाहिए] | |||
Lupus erythematosus | Accepted[1] | III | Anti-nuclear antibodies[36] anti-Ro.[37] Also, they are often present in Sjögren's syndrome.[38][39] | |
Majeed syndrome | LPIN2 | |||
Ménière's disease | III? | major peripheral myelin protein P0[40] | ||
Microscopic polyangiitis | p-ANCA myeloperoxidase | binds to neutrophils causing them to degranulate and damages endothelium | ||
Miller-Fisher syndrome see Guillain-Barre Syndrome | Accepted | anti-GQ1b | ||
Mixed connective tissue disease | Accepted[1] | anti-nuclear antibody anti-U1-RNP | HLA-DR4 | |
Morphea | Suspected[41] | |||
Mucha-Habermann disease aka Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta | T-cells | |||
Multiple sclerosis | Suspected | IV | PECAM-1[42] Anti-Myelin Basic Protein | |
Myasthenia gravis | Accepted[1] | II | nicotinic acetylcholine receptor MuSK protein | HA-B8 HLA-DR3 HLA-DR1 |
Myositis | see Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis see Inclusion-body-myositis | |||
Narcolepsy[43][44] | Suspected[45] | II? | hypocretin or orexin[46] | HLA-DQB1*0602[47] |
Neuromyelitis optica (also Devic's disease) | II? | NMO-IgG aquaporin 4.[48][49] | ||
Neuromyotonia | Suspected[50] | II? | voltage-gated potassium channels.[50] | |
Occular cicatricial pemphigoid | II? | BP-1, BP-2 | C3 deposition | |
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome | Suspected | IV? | Lymphocyte recruitment to CSF[51] | |
Ord's thyroiditis | ||||
Palindromic rheumatism | anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and antikeratin antibodies (AKA)[52] | |||
PANDAS (pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus) | Suspected | II? | antibodies against streptococcal infection serve as auto-antibodies | |
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration | IV?[53] II? | anti-Yo[54] (anti-cdr-2[55] in purkinje fibers) anti-Hu, anti-Tr, antiglutamate receptor | ||
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) | Sometimes(?) | complement attacks RBCs | ||
Parry Romberg syndrome | ANA | |||
Parsonage-Turner syndrome | ||||
Pars planitis | ||||
Pemphigus vulgaris | Accepted[1] | II | Anti-Desmoglein 3 | |
Pernicious anaemia | Accepted[56] | II | anti-parietal cell antibody | |
Perivenous encephalomyelitis | ||||
POEMS syndrome | interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and TNFα. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), given the .[57] | |||
Polyarteritis nodosa | ||||
Polymyalgia rheumatica | ||||
Polymyositis | Accepted[17] | IFN-gamma, IL-1, TNF-alpha | ||
Primary biliary cirrhosis | Accepted[58] | Anti-p62, Anti-sp100, Anti-Mitochondrial(M2)Anti-Ro aka SSA.[37] Also, they are often present in Sjögren's syndrome.[38][39] | ||
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | overlap with primary biliary cirrhosis? | |||
Progressive inflammatory neuropathy | Suspected | |||
Psoriasis | Accepted[59] | IV? | CD-8 T-cells, HLA-Cw6, IL-12b, IL-23b, TNFalpha, NF-κB | |
Psoriatic arthritis | Accepted[60] | IV? | HLA=B27 | |
Pyoderma gangrenosum | Can occur in conjunction with other immune-related disorders | |||
Pure red cell aplasia | ||||
Rasmussen's encephalitis | anti-NR2A antibodies | |||
Raynaud phenomenon | Suspected | Can occur in conjunction with other immune-related disorders | ||
Relapsing polychondritis | Accepted[61] | |||
Reiter's syndrome | ||||
Restless leg syndrome | Suspected | May occur in Sjögren's syndrome, celiac disease, and rheumatoid arthritis or in derangements of iron metabolism | ||
Retroperitoneal fibrosis | ||||
Rheumatoid arthritis | Accepted[1] | III | Rheumatoid factor (anti-IgGFc), Anti-MCV, ACPAs(Vimentin | HLA-DR4, PTPN22, depleted B cells, TNF alpha, IL-17, (also maybe IL-1, 6, and 15) |
Rheumatic fever | II | streptococcal M protein cross reacts with human myosin,[62] anti-DNase B, ASO | ||
Sarcoidosis | Suspected | IV[63][64] | BTNL2; HLA-B7-DR15; HLA DR3-DQ2.[65] | |
Schizophrenia | Suspected[66][67][68] | |||
Schmidt syndrome another form of APS | anti-21 hydroxylase, anti-17 hydroxylase[69] | DQ2, DQ8 and DRB1*0404 | ||
Schnitzler syndrome | IgM? | |||
Scleritis | ||||
Scleroderma | Suspected[41] | IV? | Scl-70 Anti-topoisomerase | dysregulated apoptosis? |
Serum Sickness | III | |||
Sjögren's syndrome | Accepted[1] | Anti-ro.[37] Also, they are often present in Sjögren's syndrome.[38][39] | ||
Spondyloarthropathy | HLA-B27 | |||
Still's disease see Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis | ANA | macrophage migration inhibitory factor[70] | ||
Stiff person syndrome | Suspected | glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD),[71] | GLRA1 (glycine receptor | |
Subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) | III[72] | essential mixed cryoglobulinemia | ||
Susac's syndrome | ||||
Sweet's syndrome | GCSF | |||
Sydenham chorea see PANDAS | ||||
Sympathetic ophthalmia | ocular antigens following trauma | |||
Systemic lupus erythematosis see Lupus erythematosis | III | |||
Takayasu's arteritis | ||||
Temporal arteritis (also known as "giant cell arteritis") | Accepted[1] | IV | ||
Thrombocytopenia | II | glycoproteins IIb-IIIa or Ib-IX in ITP anti-ADAMTS13 in TTP.[73] and HUS anti-cardiolipin (anti-cardiolipin antibodies) and β2 glycoprotein I in Antiphospholipid syndrome anti-HPA-1a, anti-HPA-5b, and others[74] in NAIT | multiple mechanisms | |
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome | ||||
Transverse myelitis | Accepted | Transverse Myelitis is a rare neurological disorder that is part of a spectrum of neuroimmunologic diseases of the central nervous system. https://web.archive.org/web/20120623100725/http://www.myelitis.org/ | ||
Ulcerative colitis (one of two types of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease "IBD") | Accepted[1] | IV | ||
Undifferentiated connective tissue disease different from Mixed connective tissue disease | Accepted | anti-nuclear antibody | HLA-DR4 | |
Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy | ||||
Urticarial vasculitis | II? | anti C1q antibodies[75] | clinically may resemble type I hypersensitivity! | |
Vasculitis | Accepted[9] | III | sometimes ANCA | |
Vitiligo | Suspected[76][77] | NALP-1 RERE, PTPN22, LPP, IL2RA, GZMB, UBASH3A and C1QTNF6 | ||
Wegener's granulomatosis | Accepted[78] | Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic(cANCA) |
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.