Pablo Neruda
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Pablo Neruda / / nəˈr uːdə / ;[1] Spanish: [ˈpaβlo neˈɾuða] ) (an haife shi Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto; 12 Yuli 1904 - 23 Satumba 1973), mawaƙin mawaƙi ne kuma ɗan siyasa ɗan ƙasar Chile wanda ya ci lambar yabo ta Nobel a cikin adabi na 1971. Neruda ya zama sananne a matsayin mawaƙi lokacin yana ɗan shekara 13, kuma ya rubuta cikin salo daban-daban, waɗanda suka haɗa da waqoqin gaskiya, almara na tarihi, fassarorin siyasa a fakaice, tarihin rayuwar karance-karance, da waqoqin soyayya masu sha’awar irin waxanda ke cikin tarin waqoqin soyayya guda Ashirin. da kuma Waƙar yanke kauna (1924).
Pablo Neruda | |||||
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1971 - 1972
4 ga Maris, 1945 - Satumba 1948 | |||||
Rayuwa | |||||
Cikakken suna | Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto | ||||
Haihuwa | Parral (en) , 12 ga Yuli, 1904 | ||||
ƙasa | Chile | ||||
Harshen uwa | Yaren Sifen | ||||
Mutuwa | Santiago de Chile, 23 Satumba 1973 | ||||
Makwanci | Isla Negra (en) | ||||
Yanayin mutuwa | (poisoning (en) ) | ||||
Ƴan uwa | |||||
Mahaifi | José del Carmen Reyes Morales | ||||
Mahaifiya | Rosa Neftalí Basoalto Opazo | ||||
Abokiyar zama |
Marijke Antonieta Hagenaar Vogelzang (en) (6 Disamba 1930 - Delia del Carril (en) (1943 - 1966) Matilde Urrutia (en) (1965 - 1973) | ||||
Karatu | |||||
Makaranta | University of Chile (en) | ||||
Harsuna | Yaren Sifen | ||||
Sana'a | |||||
Sana'a | maiwaƙe, Mai wanzar da zaman lafiya, ɗan siyasa, lyricist (en) , autobiographer (en) da marubuci | ||||
Muhimman ayyuka |
Crepusculario (en) Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair (en) Residence on Earth (en) Q5839976 Canto General (en) Q18432683 Arte de pájaros (en) Splendor and Death of Joaquin Murieta (en) | ||||
Kyaututtuka |
gani
| ||||
Ayyanawa daga |
gani
| ||||
Wanda ya ja hankalinsa | Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (en) , Rubén Darío (en) , Federico García Lorca (en) , Walt Whitman (en) , Francisco Quevedo (en) da Arthur Rimbaud (en) | ||||
Mamba |
Modern Language Association (en) Academy of Arts of the GDR (en) American Academy of Arts and Sciences (en) | ||||
Sunan mahaifi | Pablo Neruda | ||||
Artistic movement |
waƙa prose (en) | ||||
Imani | |||||
Addini | mulhidanci | ||||
Jam'iyar siyasa | Communist Party of Chile (en) | ||||
IMDb | nm0626291 | ||||
Neruda ya mallaki mukaman diflomasiyya da yawa a kasashe daban-daban a lokacin rayuwarsa kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin Sanata na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Chile . Lokacin da Shugaba Gabriel González Videla ya haramta gurguzu a Chile a cikin 1948, an ba da sammacin kama Neruda. Abokai sun ɓoye shi na tsawon watanni a cikin ginshiƙi na wani gida a tashar tashar jiragen ruwa na Valparaíso, kuma a cikin 1949 ya tsere ta hanyar dutsen da ke kusa da tafkin Maihue zuwa Argentina; ba zai koma Chile fiye da shekaru uku ba. Ya kasance mai ba da shawara na kusa ga shugaban gurguzu na Chile Salvador Allende, kuma, lokacin da ya dawo Chile bayan karbar kyautar Nobel a Stockholm, Allende ya gayyace shi ya karanta a Estadio Nacional kafin mutane 70,000.
An kwantar da Neruda a asibiti yana fama da ciwon daji a watan Satumban 1973, a lokacin juyin mulkin da Augusto Pinochet da Amurka suka yi da suka hambarar da gwamnatin Allende, amma ya koma gida bayan 'yan kwanaki inda ya zargi likita da yi masa allura da ba a sani ba. don manufar kashe shi bisa umarnin Pinochet. Neruda ya mutu a gidansa a Isla Negra a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1973, sa'o'i kadan bayan barin asibiti. Ko da yake an dade ana ba da rahoton cewa ya mutu ne da ciwon zuciya, ma'aikatar harkokin cikin gida ta gwamnatin Chile ta fitar da wata sanarwa a shekarar 2015 inda ta amince da wata takarda ta ma'aikatar da ke nuna matsayin gwamnati cewa "a fili ya yiwu kuma mai yiwuwa" an kashe Neruda a sakamakon haka. na "sa baki na wasu mutane". Sai dai wani gwajin bincike na kasa da kasa da aka gudanar a shekarar 2013 ya yi watsi da zargin cewa an sa masa guba. An kammala cewa yana fama da ciwon daji na prostate. Pinochet, wanda ke samun goyon bayan wasu dakarun soji, ya ki amincewa da a gudanar da jana'izar Neruda a bainar jama'a, amma dubban 'yan Chile da ke bakin ciki sun ki bin dokar hana fita kuma suka cika tituna.
Neruda sau da yawa ana daukarsa a matsayin mawaƙin ƙasa na Chile, kuma ayyukansa sun shahara kuma suna da tasiri a duniya. Marubuci dan kasar Colombia Gabriel García Márquez ya taba kiransa "babban mawaki na karni na 20 a kowane harshe",
kuma mai suka Harold Bloom ya hada da Neruda a matsayin daya daga cikin marubutan tsakiya ga al'adar Yammacin Turai a cikin littafinsa The Western Canon.