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Laâyoune / / lɑː ˈj uːn / lah-YOON,[1][2] kuma UK : / l aɪ ˈ -/ ly-,[3] French: [la.ajun] ) ko El Aaiún ( /ˌ ɛ l aɪ ˈ ( j ) uːn / EL eye- (Y)OON,[2][4][5] Spanish: [el (a) aˈʝun] ; Hassaniya Larabci : لعيون , romanized: Laʕyūn/Elʕyūn ; Berber languages ; Larabci: العيون, romanized: al-ʿUyūn/el-ʿUyūn ' The Springs ' ) birni ne mafi girma a yankin yammacin Sahara da ake takaddama a kai, yana da yawan jama'a 217,732 a shekara ta 2014. Birnin yana ƙarƙashin ikon Maroko. Ana zaton kyaftin ɗin Spain, Antonio de Oro ne ya kafa birnin na zamani a shekara ta 1938.[6] A cikin 1940, Spain ta ayyana shi a matsayin babban birnin Saharar Spain .[ana buƙatar hujja] lardin Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra ne wanda Morocco ke gudanarwa a ƙarƙashin kulawar tawagar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, MINURSO.
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العيون (ar) El Aaiún (es) | ||||
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Wuri | ||||
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Territory claimed by (en) ![]() | Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya | |||
Province of Morocco (en) ![]() | Laâyoune Province (en) ![]() | |||
Babban birnin | ||||
Yawan mutane | ||||
Faɗi | 217,732 (2014) | |||
• Yawan mutane | 10,368.19 mazaunan/km² | |||
Home (en) ![]() | 48,049 (2014) | |||
Harshen gwamnati | Larabci | |||
Labarin ƙasa | ||||
Yawan fili | 8.1081 mi² | |||
Altitude (en) ![]() | 72 m | |||
Bayanan tarihi | ||||
Ƙirƙira | 1938 | |||
Tsarin Siyasa | ||||
• Mayor (en) ![]() |
Moulay Hamdi Ould Errachid (en) ![]() | |||
Bayanan Tuntuɓa | ||||
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci |
An raba birnin gida biyu daga kogin Saguia el-Hamra (river). A gefen kudu kuma akwai tsohon ƙaramin gari, wanda ƴan mulkin mallaka na Spain suka gina.[ana buƙatar hujja] Tun daga wannan zamanin yana aiki har yanzu; (priests) suna hidima a wannan birni da Dakhla dake a yankin kudu.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Laâyoune ko El Aaiún su ne fassarar Faransanci da Mutanen Espanya na ɗaya daga cikin yiwuwar Romanized Maghrebi Arabic, sunayen Larabci na birni: Layoun, wanda ke nufin "maɓuɓɓugan ruwa", dangane da tudun ruwa da ke samar da ruwan garin.[7]
Garin dai ya kasance wurin da ake kira Zemla Intifada hakan ya faru a ranar 17 ga watan Yuni, 1970, wanda ya kai ga kisan kiyashin da, ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 2 zuwa 11.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Birnin Laayoune, na da yanayin hamada mai zafi ( Köppen climate classification BWh ), wanda Canary Current ya daidaita shi,[ana buƙatar hujja] tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara fiye da matakin 21 °C (70 °F).
Climate data for Laayoune (1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Watan | Janairu | Fabrairu | Maris | Afrilu | Mayu | Yuni | Yuli | Ogusta | Satumba | Oktoba | Nuwamba | Disamba | Shekara |
Average high °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
24.5 (76.1) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.6 (78.1) |
27.4 (81.3) |
29.5 (85.1) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
26.0 (78.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.9 (62.4) |
17.6 (63.7) |
19.2 (66.6) |
19.2 (66.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
22.5 (72.5) |
24.5 (76.1) |
25.2 (77.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
23.3 (73.9) |
20.8 (69.4) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.1 (70.0) |
Average low °C (°F) | 11.6 (52.9) |
12.5 (54.5) |
13.9 (57.0) |
14.5 (58.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
17.7 (63.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
18.0 (64.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
15.9 (60.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 11.1 (0.44) |
11.1 (0.44) |
5.4 (0.21) |
1.1 (0.04) |
0.5 (0.02) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.00) |
0.5 (0.02) |
1.5 (0.06) |
3.0 (0.12) |
9.8 (0.39) |
13.3 (0.52) |
57.4 (2.26) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 239.1 | 234.7 | 281.4 | 296.5 | 326.5 | 308.9 | 290.3 | 286.9 | 260.1 | 266.1 | 243.9 | 229.8 | 3,264.2 |
Source: NOAA[8] |
A rahoton shekara ta 2019 wanda aka buga a jaridar PLOS One, an kiyasta cewa ƙarƙashin Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5, yanayin "matsakaici" na canjin yanayi inda ɗumamar duniya ta kai ~ 2.5–3 °C (4.5–5.4 °F) zuwa 2100, yanayin Laayoune a cikin 2050 zai fi kama da yanayin Alexandria na yanzu. Yanayi na shekara-shekara zai ƙaru da 1 °C (1.8 °F), da zafin rana mafi zafi a matakin1.8 °C (3.2 °F), yayin da zafin watan mafi sanyi zai ragu da 0.1 °C (0.18 °F).[9][10] A ta bakin Climate Action Tracker, yanayin zafi na yanzu yana bayyana daidai da 2.7 °C (4.9 °F), wanda yayi daidai da RCP 4.5.[11]
Birnin Laayoune, na da yawan jama'a 217,732[12] kuma shine birni mafi girma a Yammacin Sahara.
Birnin ya kasance cibiyar kamun kifi da kuma hako ma'adinan phosphate a yankin.[14] A shekara ta 2010, ƙasar ta yi tattaunawa da sabuwar yarjejeniyar kamun kifi da Turai kan kamun kifi a teku.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta birnin ita ce Jeunesse Massira. Kulob ɗin yana taka leda a rukunin na biyu na Morocco, gasar kwallon kafa ta biyu mafi girma a ƙasar. Jeunesse Massira na amfani da filin wasa na Stade Sheikh Mohamed Laghdaf, domin atasayen ƴan wasa, gami da buga wasanni a ciki.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Filin jirgin saman Hassan I ne ke hidima ta zirga-zirga a birnin na Laayoune.
Makarantu a Laâyoune sun haɗa da makarantar Sipaniya ta duniya, Colegio Español La Paz, mallakar gwamnatin Spain.[15]
A ranar 18 ga watan Disamba, 2019, Comoros ta zama ƙasa ta farko da ta buɗe ofishin jakadancinta a Laayoune don tallafawa da'awar Moroccan ga Yammacin Sahara.[16] A watan Janairu 2020, ƙasar Gabon ta buɗe ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin a Laayoune.[17] Daga baya sai, São Tomé and Principe,[18] Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Tsakiya,[19] Ivory Coast,[20] Burundi,[21] Eswatini,[22] Zambia,[23] Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa,[24] da Bahrain,[25] kuma sun buɗe ofisoshin jakadancin a Laayoune.
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