Heliconia est un genre de plantes à fleur originaire de l'Amérique tropicale et de certaines îles du Pacifique.
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Heliconia est le seul genre de la famille des Heliconiaceae qui compte entre 100 et 200 espèces, dont la plupart sont originaires de l'Amérique. De nombreuses espèces sont cultivées pour leurs inflorescences de couleurs vives et voyantes
Les Heliconia sont une importante ressource de nourriture pour certains oiseaux-mouches qui puisent grâce à leur long bec le nectar nécessaire à leur survie ; certains, comme l'Ermite hirsute, utilisent également la plante pour leur nid.
Le nom de genre Heliconia dérive du grec Ἑλικών / Helikṓn littéralement « la montagne tortueuse », en référence au mont Hélicon massif montagneux de Béotie, en Grèce, culminant à 1 748 mètres, nom qui a pour racine grecque ἕλιξ / hélix, « spirale, zigzag », en référence à la forme des inflorescences de cette plante[1].
Selon World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) (23 mars 2012)[3]:
Liste des espèces aux noms synonymes, obsolètes et leurs taxons de référence, selon Kew
- Heliconia aequatoriensis Loes. (1916) = Heliconia latispatha Benth. (1846)
- Heliconia affinis Loes. (1916) = Heliconia subulata Ruiz & Pav. (1802)
- Heliconia alba L.f. (1782) = Strelitzia alba (L.f.) Skeels (1788)
- Heliconia allenii Standl. & L.O.Williams (1953) = Heliconia nutans Woodson (1939)
- Heliconia andina Abalo & G.Morales (1982) = Heliconia dielsiana Loes. (1937)
- Heliconia andrewsii Klotzsch (1847) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia angustifolia Hook. (1849) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia aristeguietae Abalo & G.Morales (1983) = Heliconia scarlatina Abalo & G.Morales (1982)
- Heliconia augusta Salisb. (1796) = Strelitzia alba (L.f.) Skeels (1788)
- Heliconia aurea G.Rodr. (1954) = Heliconia bihai (L.) L. (1771)
- Heliconia aureorosea Loes. (1916) = Heliconia schumanniana Loes. (1916)
- Heliconia aureostriata W.Bull (1881) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia aurorea Emygdio & E.Santos (1976) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia austrocaledonica Vieill. (1861) = Heliconia indica var. austrocaledonica (Vieill.) W.J.Kress (1990)
- Heliconia bahiensis Barreiros (1978) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia ballia Rich.(1792) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia barqueta Loes. (1909 publ. 1910) = Heliconia bourgaeana Petersen (1890)
- Heliconia bicolor Benth. (1839) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia bicolor Klotzsch (1847), nom. illeg. = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia bidentata Barreiros (1969) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia bihai J.F.Mill. (1776), nom. illeg. = Strelitzia reginae Banks. (1788)
- Heliconia borinquena Griggs (1903) = Heliconia caribaea Lam. (1785)
- Heliconia brasiliensis Hook.(1826) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia brasiliensis var. concolor Petersen (1890) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia brevispatha Hook. (1863) = Heliconia aurantiaca Ghiesbr. ex Lem. (1862)
- Heliconia buccinata Roxb. (1814) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia burchellii Baker (1893) = Heliconia subulata subsp. gracilis (Petersen) L.Andersson (1985)
- Heliconia burle-marxii Emygdio (1957) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia cannoidea A.Rich. (1831) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia cannoidea var. villosa Petersen (1890) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia cararensis Abalo & G.Morales (1982) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia cardenasii L.B.Sm. (1939) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia catheta R.R.Sm. (1975) = Heliconia platystachys Baker (1893)
- Heliconia champneiana Griggs (1903) = Heliconia bourgaeana Petersen (1890)
- Heliconia choconiana S.Watson (1888) = Heliconia aurantiaca Ghiesbr. ex Lem. (1862)
- Heliconia citrina Emygdio & E.Santos (1976) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia colombiana Abalo & G.Morales (1982) = Heliconia meridensis Klotzsch (1847)
- Heliconia conferta Petersen (1890) = Heliconia caribaea Lam. (1785)
- Heliconia consueloi Abalo & G.Morales (1983) = Heliconia impudica Abalo & G.Morales (1983)
- Heliconia costanensis Aristeg. (1964) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia dasyantha var. rosea Loes. (1937) = Heliconia aemygdiana subsp. aemygdiana
- Heliconia deflexa G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia vaginalis Benth. (1846)
- Heliconia densa (Griggs) L.B.Sm. (1939) = Heliconia imbricata (Kuntze) Baker (1893)
- Heliconia discolor Körn. (1862) = Calathea varians (K.Koch & Mathieu) Körn. (1858)
- Heliconia distans Griggs (1903) = Heliconia bihai (L.) L. (1771)
- Heliconia dressleriana Abalo & Antonio (1981) = Heliconia xanthovillosa W.J.Kress (1981)
- Heliconia edwardus-rex Sander (1903) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia elegans Petersen (1890) = Heliconia mariae Hook.f. (1864)
- Heliconia elongata Griggs (1903) = Heliconia wagneriana Petersen (1896)
- Heliconia falcata Barreiros (1976) = Heliconia meridensis Klotzsch (1847)
- Heliconia farinosa f. angusta Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia farinosa f. constricta Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia farinosa var. efarinosa Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia farinosa f. magna Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia farinosa var. versatilis (Barreiros) Barreiros (1981), no basionym ref. = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia farinosa f. versatilis Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia ferdinando-coburgi Szyszyl. ex Wawra (1888) = Heliconia episcopalis Vell.(1829)
- Heliconia flava Jacq. (1797), nom. subnud. = Unplaced Name
- Heliconia flexuosa C.Presl (1827) = Unplaced Name
- Heliconia fluminensis Emygdio & E.Santos (1976) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia geniculatav (Griggs) L.B.Sm. (1939) = Heliconia schiedeana Klotzsch (1847)
- Heliconia gilbertiana Abalo & G.Morales (1983) = Heliconia scarlatina Abalo & G.Morales (1982)
- Heliconia glauca Poit. ex Verlot (1869) = Heliconia richardiana Miq. (1844)
- Heliconia goiasensis Barreiros (1976) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia golfodulcensis G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia mathiasiae G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979)
- Heliconia harrisiana (Griggs) L.B.Sm. (1939) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia hirsuta Schltdl. & Cham. (1831), nom. illeg. = Heliconia schiedeana Klotzsch (1847)
- Heliconia hirsuta var. cannoidea (A.Rich.) Baker (1893) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia hirsuta var. rubriflora R.R.Sm. (1977) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia hirsuta var. villosula Loes. (1916) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia humilis (Aubl.) Jacq. (1797) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia illustris W.Bull. (1893) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia indica var. bakeri Lane ex Barreiros (1979) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia indica var. lanata P.S.Green (1969) = Heliconia lanata (P.S.Green) W.J.Kress (1990)
- Heliconia irrasa var. albicosta G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia albicosta (G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles) L.Andersson (1992)
- Heliconia irrasa var. glabra G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia irrasa R.R.Sm. (1975)
- Heliconia irrasa subsp. undulata G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia irrasa R.R.Sm. (1975)
- Heliconia irrasa var. undulata G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia irrasa R.R.Sm. (1975)
- Heliconia lacletteana Emygdio & E.Santos (1976) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia laneana Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia laneana f. elatior Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia laneana f. flava Barreiros (1974) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia laneana var. flava (Barreiros) E.Santos (1978) = Heliconia angusta Vell. (1829)
- Heliconia lankesteri var. rubra G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia lankesteri Standl. (1927)
- Heliconia lennartiana W.J.Kress (1986) = Heliconia wagneriana Petersen (1896)
- Heliconia leucogramma Horan. (1862) = Unplaced Name
- Heliconia lindsayana W.J.Kress (1986) = Heliconia sarapiquensis G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979)
- Heliconia linneana Lane ex Barreiros (1970), contrary to Art. 37.1 ICBN. = Heliconia spathocircinada subsp. spathocircinada
- Heliconia linneana var. flava Barreiros (1972) = Heliconia spathocircinada subsp. spathocircinada
- Heliconia longa (Griggs) H.J.P.Winkl. (1930) = Heliconia curtispatha Petersen (1890)
- Heliconia luteofusca Jacq., Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 1: 25 (1797) = Heliconia caribaea Lam. (1785)
- Heliconia marantifolia G.Shaw (1796) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia marginata f. luteaAristeg. (1961) = Heliconia marginata (Griggs) Pittier (1926)
- Heliconia marmoliana Dodson & A.H.Gentry (1978) = Heliconia reticulata (Griggs) H.J.P.Winkl. (1930)
- Heliconia micholitzii Ridl. (1908) = Heliconia indica var. micholitzii (Ridl.) W.J.Kress (1990)
- Heliconia mincana Abalo & G.Morales (1983) = Heliconia meridensis Klotzsch (1847)
- Heliconia montana Abalo & G.Morales (1983) = Heliconia venusta Abalo & G.Morales (1982)
- Heliconia monteverdensis var. vulcanicola (F.G.Stiles) W.J.Kress (1989) = Heliconia venusta Abalo & G.Morales (1982)
- Heliconia nana G.Rodr. (1954) = Heliconia metallica Planch. & Linden ex Hook. (1862)
- Heliconia nigrescens Jacq. (1797) = Heliconia bihai (L.) L. (1771)
- Heliconia osaensis var. rubescens F.G.Stiles (1981) = Heliconia metallica Planch. & Linden ex Hook. (1862)
- Heliconia pearcei Rusby (1910) = Heliconia subulata subsp. subulata
- Heliconia pochutlensis Conz.(1947) = Heliconia spissa Griggs (1903)
- Heliconia poeppigiana Eichler ex Petersen (1890) = Heliconia rostrata Ruiz & Pav. (1802)
- Heliconia psittacorum var. flexuosa Petersen (1890) = Heliconia acuminata subsp. occidentalis L.Andersson (1985)
- Heliconia psittacorum var. gracilis Petersen (1890) = Heliconia subulata subsp. gracilis (Petersen) L.Andersson (1985)
- Heliconia psittacorum var. rhizomatosa Aristeg. (1961) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia psittacorum var. robusta Eichler ex Petersen (1890) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia psittacorum var. spathacea Eichler ex Petersen (1890) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia psittacorum var. subulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker (1893) = Heliconia subulata Ruiz & Pav. (1802)
- Heliconia pulverulenta Lindl. (1834) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia punicea (Griggs) L.B.Sm. (1939) = Heliconia mariae Hook.f. (1864)
- Heliconia purpurea Griggs (1903) = Heliconia bihai (L.) L. (1771)
- Heliconia ravenala Willemet (1796) = 'Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn. (1782)
- Heliconia roseoflava Loes. (1916) = Heliconia acuminata subsp. occidentalis L.Andersson (1985)
- Heliconia roseostriata Rivois (1895) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia rubra Sessé & Moc. (1894), nom. illeg. = Unplaced Name
- Heliconia rutila Griggs (1903) = Heliconia bihai (L.) L. (1771)
- Heliconia sampaioana Emygdio (1976) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia sanderi Sander (1899) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia schaeferiana G.Rodr. (1954) = Heliconia bihai (L.) L. (1771)
- Heliconia schiedeana f. glabrifolia Loes. (1913) = Heliconia schiedeana Klotzsch (1847)
- Heliconia schiedeana var. spissa (Griggs) R.R.Sm. (1977) = Heliconia spissa Griggs (1903)
- Heliconia schneeana Steyerm. (1951) = Heliconia meridensis Klotzsch (1847)
- Heliconia schomburgkiana Klotzsch (1847) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia schumanniana f. acreana (Loes.) J.F.Macbr. (1931) = Heliconia schumanniana Loes. (1916)
- Heliconia schumanniana var. acreana Loes. (1916) = Heliconia schumanniana Loes. (1916)
- Heliconia schumanniana f. apicirubra (Loes.) J.F.Macbr. (1931) = Heliconia schumanniana Loes. (1916)
- Heliconia schumanniana var. apicirubra Loes. (1916) = Heliconia schumanniana Loes. (1916)
- Heliconia schumanniana var. basirubrav Loes. (1916) = Heliconia schumanniana Loes. (1916)
- Heliconia seemannii Van Houtte (1876) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia speciosa Horan. (1862) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia spectabilis L.Linden & Rodigas (1892) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia steyermarkii Aristeg. (1964) = Heliconia revoluta (Griggs) Standl. (1930)
- Heliconia straminea (Griggs) Standl. (1927) = Heliconia hirsuta L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia strelizia J.F.Gmel. (1791) = Strelitzia reginae Banks. (1788)
- Heliconia striata H.J.Veitch (1880) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia subulata var. gracilis (Petersen) Malme (1934) = Heliconia subulata subsp. gracilis (Petersen) L.Andersson (1985)
- Heliconia swartziana Roem. & Schult. (1819) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia sylvestris (Gleason) L.B.Sm. (1939) = Heliconia psittacorum L.f. (1782)
- Heliconia tarumaensis Barreiros (1976) = Heliconia acuminata subsp. occidentalis L.Andersson (1985)
- Heliconia thalia Vell. (1829) = Stromanthe thalia (Vell.) J.M.A.Braga (1994-1995 publ. 1995)
- Heliconia trichocarpa var. caducispatha G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979) = Heliconia trichocarpa G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979)
- Heliconia tricolor Abalo & G.Morales (1985) = Heliconia stricta Huber (1906)
- Heliconia triumphans Linden ex Rodigas (1881) = Phrynium villosulum Miq. (1861)
- Heliconia uleana Loes. (1916) = Heliconia schumanniana Loes. (1916)
- Heliconia undulata (G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles) L.Andersson (1992) = Heliconia irrasa R.R.Sm. (1975)
- Heliconia vaginalis subsp. mathiasiae (G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles) L.Andersson (1985) = Heliconia mathiasiae G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979)
- Heliconia variegata Jacq. (1797) = Heliconia bihai (L.) L. (1771)
- Heliconia variegata Loes. (1916), nom. illeg. = Heliconia zebrina Plowman, W.J.Kress & H.Kenn. (1982)
- Heliconia vellozoana Emygdio (1975) = Heliconia farinosa Raddi (1820)
- Heliconia viridis G.Nicholson (1888) = Heliconia indica var. indica
- Heliconia vulcanicola F.G.Stiles (1980) = Heliconia monteverdensis G.S.Daniels & F.G.Stiles (1979)
- Heliconia weberbaueri Loes. (1916) = Heliconia lingulata Ruiz & Pav. (1802)
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