銜

See also: 衔

銜 U+929C, 銜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-929C ← 銛 [U+929B] CJK Unified Ideographs 銝 → [U+929D]

Translingual

Han character

銜 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹人金一弓 (HOCMN), four-corner 2110₉, composition ⿲彳釒亍)

Derived characters

• 㘅, 䲗, 䕔, 𦌫

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1305, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40390
• Dae Jaweon: page 1807, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 840, character 15
• Unihan data for U+929C

Chinese

trad.		銜
simp.		衔
alternative forms		䘖 衘 啣 㘅 𠼫 䘖 衘 啣 㘅 𠼫 㗸 𠷢 𠾑 𭊷 咁 嗛

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 銜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡraːm) : semantic 行 + phonetic 金 (OC *krɯm).

Pronunciation

Variety	Location	edit 銜
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕian³⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕian²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕian⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ɕiã⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ɕiã⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕian⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ɕiã²⁴/
	Xining	/ɕiã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕian⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕian⁵¹/ /t͡ɕʰiɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ɕiɛn²¹³/ 頭～ /xan²¹³/ ～冤
	Chengdu	/xan³¹/ /ɕian³¹/
	Guiyang	/ɕian²¹/ /xan²¹/ 老
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ̃³¹/
	Nanjing	/ɕien²⁴/
	Hefei	/ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕie̞¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕie³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦe²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiɪ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦẽ̞²¹³/ /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ɦa³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕie⁴⁴/ /xɛ⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/kɔ⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/xan¹³/
	Xiangtan	/ɦan¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/han²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/ham¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/hɑm¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ham²¹/
	Nanning	/ham²¹/
	Hong Kong	/ham²¹/ /hɐm²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ham³⁵/ /kã³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kaŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/aŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ham⁵⁵/ /kã⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ham³¹/ /ka³¹/

Rime
Character	銜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	銜 (149)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	戸監切
Baxter	haem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠam/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚam/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣam/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨm/
Li Rong	/ɣam/
Wang Li	/ɣam/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣam/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haam4

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	銜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xián
Middle Chinese	‹ hæm ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁr[a]m/
English	a bit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	銜
Reading #	1/1
No.	13534
Phonetic component	銜
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	銜
Old Chinese	/*ɡraːm/
Notes	當爲從金行聲

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xián (xian²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haam⁴ / ham⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): hàng / gàng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khâⁿ / hâⁿ / hâm

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gan⁵ / ham⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xián
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sián
    • Wade–Giles: hsien²
    • Yale: syán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyan
    • Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: haam⁴ / ham⁴
    • Yale: hàahm / hàhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haam⁴ / ham⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ham⁴ / hem⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːm²¹/, /hɐm²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hàng / gàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ⁵³/, /kaŋ⁵³/

Note:

• hàng - vernacular;
• gàng - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khâⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: khânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qvaa
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰã²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kʰã²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: hânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hvaa
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hã²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hã²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâm
    • Tâi-lô: hâm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: haam
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ham²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /ham²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ham¹³/
Note:
• khâⁿ/hâⁿ - vernacular;
• hâm - literary.
• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gan⁵ / ham⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kâⁿ / hâm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kã⁵⁵/, /ham⁵⁵/
Note:
• gan5 - vernacular;
• ham5 - literary.

---

• Dialectal data

---

• Middle Chinese: haem

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤr[a]m/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡraːm/

Definitions

銜

1. to hold in the mouth
2. to harbor (hold in one's thoughts)
3. to connect

   銜接／衔接  ―  xiánjiē  ―  to join together; to combine; to link up

4. rank; title

   軍銜／军衔  ―  jūnxián  ―  military rank

5. (literary, or in compounds) to accept
6. (literary, or in compounds) bit (of a horse)

Synonyms

• (to connect):

edit

• 交合 (jiāohé)
• 交接 (jiāojiē)
• 嬋媛 / 婵媛 (chányuán) (literary)
• 拼 (pīn)
• 接 (jiē)
• 接連 / 接连 (jiēlián)
• 相接 (xiāngjiē)
• 相連 / 相连 (xiānglián)
• 續 / 续 (xù)
• 連 / 连
• 連接 / 连接 (liánjiē)
• 銜接 / 衔接 (xiánjiē)

• (to accept):

edit

• 受
• 受容 (shòuróng) (literary)
• 吸收 (xīshōu)
• 吸納 / 吸纳 (xīnà)
• 容受 (róngshòu)
• 容納 / 容纳 (róngnà)
• 承受 (chéngshòu)
• 承領 / 承领 (Hakka)
• 接受 (jiēshòu)
• 接納 / 接纳 (jiēnà)
• 收受 (shōushòu)
• 領受 / 领受 (lǐngshòu)

Compounds

• 全銜 / 全衔
• 冰銜 / 冰衔
• 前銜 / 前衔
• 加銜 / 加衔
• 勒銜 / 勒衔
• 名銜 / 名衔 (míngxián)
• 大銜 / 大衔
• 官銜 / 官衔 (guānxián)
• 官銜牌 / 官衔牌
• 宮銜 / 宫衔
• 授銜 / 授衔
• 撙銜 / 撙衔
• 日已銜山 / 日已衔山
• 會銜 / 会衔
• 枯魚銜索 / 枯鱼衔索
• 榮銜 / 荣衔
• 燕子銜食 / 燕子衔食
• 結草銜環 / 结草衔环 (jiécǎo xiánhuán)
• 職銜 / 职衔 (zhíxián)
• 臺銜 / 台衔
• 虛銜 / 虚衔
• 詭銜竊轡 / 诡衔窃辔
• 負屈銜冤 / 负屈衔冤
• 赤銜 / 赤衔
• 軍銜 / 军衔 (jūnxián)
• 轡銜 / 辔衔
• 連銜 / 连衔
• 鉗馬銜枚 / 钳马衔枚
• 銜冤 / 衔冤 (xiányuān)
• 銜冤負屈 / 衔冤负屈
• 銜勒 / 衔勒
• 銜名 / 衔名
• 銜命 / 衔命 (xiánmìng)
• 銜哀致誠 / 衔哀致诚
• 銜尾 / 衔尾
• 銜尾相隨 / 衔尾相随
• 銜恨 / 衔恨 (xiánhèn)
• 銜恤 / 衔恤
• 銜恨蒙枉 / 衔恨蒙枉
• 銜悲茹恨 / 衔悲茹恨
• 銜接 / 衔接 (xiánjiē)
• 銜枚 / 衔枚
• 銜杯 / 衔杯
• 銜橛之變 / 衔橛之变
• 銜泣 / 衔泣
• 銜環 / 衔环 (xiánhuán)
• 銜璧 / 衔璧
• 銜環結草 / 衔环结草
• 銜石填海 / 衔石填海
• 銜結 / 衔结
• 銜缺相當 / 衔缺相当
• 銜羞 / 衔羞
• 銜聲茹氣 / 衔声茹气
• 銜華佩實 / 衔华佩实
• 銜觴 / 衔觞
• 銜轡 / 衔辔
• 鏑銜 / 镝衔
• 面縛銜璧 / 面缚衔璧
• 領銜 / 领衔 (lǐngxián)
• 頭銜 / 头衔 (tóuxián)
• 馬銜 / 马衔 (mǎxián)
• 黃雀銜環 / 黄雀衔环

References

• “銜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 銜

銜

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: げん (gen)
• Kan-on: かん (kan)
• Kan’yō-on: がん (gan)
• Kun: くつわ (kutsuwa)、ふくむ (fukumu)

Korean

Hanja

銜 • (ham) (hangeul 함, revised ham, McCune–Reischauer ham, Yale ham)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

銜: Hán Nôm readings: hàm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.