別
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
|
別 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口尸中弓 (RSLN), four-corner 62200, composition ⿰𠮠刂)
Historical forms of the character 別 | ||
---|---|---|
Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Qin slip script | Small seal script |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 冎 (“bone”) + 刂 (“knife”), hence 𠛰 – to cut up bone and flesh. Later, the character was stylized as 別. See also 另.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brat (“cut apart, cut open”). Cognate to 八 (OC *preːd, “to divide; to differentiate”), 列 (OC *red), 裂 (OC *red).
Mei (2008) proposes that the intransitive sense "to leave, to part" (with voiced initial *b- in Middle Chinese) is primary and that the transitive sense "to discriminate, to discriminate" (with voiceless initial *p-) is derived from the intransitive sense with the Old Chinese causative prefix *s-, resulting in a devoicing effect: *s-b- > *s-p- > *p-; compare 黑 (OC *s-mək, “black”) from 墨 (OC *mək, “ink”). On the other hand, Sagart and Baxter (2012) consider the intransitive sense to be derived from the transitive sense (*pret) by prefixation of *N-, resulting in a voicing effect: *N-p- > *N-b- > *b-; compare 敗 (OC *N-pˤrat-s, “to suffer defeat”) from 敗 (OC *pˤrat-s, “to defeat”).
別
Yang (2017) and Liu (2021) suggest the sense "do not" is a contraction of 不要 (bùyào). Thus, it is a doublet of 別要/别要, and 嫑 (báo).
別 (auxiliary)
For pronunciation and definitions of 別 – see 彆 (“to make someone change their opinion; to dissuade”). (This character is a variant form of 彆). |
For pronunciation and definitions of 別 – see 捌 (“(Min) to know; to recognise; to be familiar with”). (This character is a variant form of 捌). |
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