virus
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Etymology
From Middle English virus, from Latin vīrus (“poison, slime, venom”), via rhotacism from Proto-Italic *weizos, from Proto-Indo-European *wisós (“fluidity, slime, poison”). First use in the computer context by David Gerrold in his 1972 book When HARLIE Was One.
Pronunciation
Noun
virus (countable and uncountable, plural viruses or (rare) virusses or (rare) vira or (proscribed) viri or (proscribed) virii)
- A submicroscopic, non-cellular structure that consists of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and that sometimes causes disease in the host organism (such agents are often classed as nonliving infectious particles and less often as microorganisms).
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:virus
- 2001, Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 64:
- Viruses are the smallest and most simplified forms of life.
- 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:
- Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola.
- A species thereof.
- Meronym: virion (individual particle)
- Some viruses, such as norovirus, cause sporadic outbreaks of gastroenteritis.
- (occasionally proscribed) An individual particle thereof: synonym of virion.
- Under electron microscopy, a few viruses were seen floating near the cells.
- (uncountable) A quantity of such infectious agents, considered en masse.
- Not much virus was detectable on a nucleic acid test; the viral load was very low.
- 2006, Norman E. Borlaug, Anthony Cunningham, Jane I. Guyer, Hans R. Herren, Calestous Juma, Akinlawon Mabogunje, Barbara Underwood, Montague Yudelman, chapter 1, in Lost Crops of Africa: Volume 2: Vegetables (U.S. National Research Council Consensus Study Report) (non-fiction), Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, , →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, archived from the original on 2021-09-02, page xviii:
- Unless professionally inspected, they [plants] may also carry along unseen pests and diseases (particularly small insects and microbes such as virus or bacteria) whose populations might explode catastrophically in new locations.
- (informal, metonymically) A disease caused by such an infectious agent; a viral illness.
- He's got a virus and had to stay home from school.
- (archaic) Venom, as produced by a poisonous animal etc.
- 1890, Aluísio Azevedo, The Slum:
- Brazil, that inferno where every budding flower and every buzzing bluebottle fly bears a lascivious virus.
- (computing) A type of malware which can covertly transmit itself between computers via networks (especially the Internet) or removable storage such as disks, often causing damage to systems and data; also computer virus.
- 2004 November 15, Michael Chapman; Matthew Chapman, “Strong Bad Email #118: virus”, in Homestar Runner, spoken by Strong Bad (Matthew Chapman):
- Wait a minute! Is this one of those virus emails?!
- (computing, proscribed) Any type of malware.
- (figurative) Any malicious or dangerous entity that spreads from one place or person to another.
- 2011, Pat Mesiti, The $1 Million Reason to Change Your Mind:
- I am tired of the mind viruses that are crippling people living in the western world — especially in my own nation. Sadly, Australia is becoming known as a nation of whingers.
Hypernyms
- (computing): malware
Hyponyms
Computing
Virology
- adeno-associated virus
- African swine fever virus
- antiviral
- BK virus
- black queen cell virus
- Bourbon virus
- camelpox virus
- canine distemper virus
- CCP virus
- China virus
- Chinese virus
- chronic bee paralysis virus
- Chronic bee paralysis virus
- cloudy wing virus
- coronavirus
- corona virus
- corona-virus
- cowpox virus
- crown virus
- cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus
- deformed wing virus
- DNA virus
- Ebola virus
- Epstein-Barr virus
- GB virus C
- giant virus
- Grampus griseus endogenous virus
- helper virus
- hepatitis delta virus
- herpes simplex virus
- HIV virus
- Hosta virus X
- human immunodeficiency virus
- human immunodeficiency virus 1
- human immunodeficiency virus 2
- idea virus
- Jamestown Canyon virus
- JC virus
- Junin virus
- Kakugo virus
- Kunjin virus
- Lassa virus
- Machupo virus
- macro virus
- Marburg virus disease
- mosaic virus
- Neethling virus
- Nipah virus
- Norwalk virus
- passenger virus
- potato virus X
- Qalyub virus
- respiratory syncytial virus
- Reston virus
- rhinovirus
- RNA virus
- Ross River virus
- Rous sarcoma virus
- Schmallenberg virus
- Sendai virus
- simian immunodeficiency virus
- Tulane virus
- tulip-breaking virus
- varicella zoster virus
- walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus
- West Nile virus
- Wuhan virus
- Zika virus
Derived terms
Virology
- adenovirus
- AIDS virus
- bacteriovirus
- baculovirus
- badnavirus
- becurtovirus
- bidnavirus
- birnavirus
- carcinovirus
- cardiovirus
- countervirus
- curtovirus
- encephalovirus
- enterovirus
- entomovirus
- Four Corners virus
- frankenvirus
- girus
- halovirus
- hypovirus
- immunovirus
- influenzavirus
- intervirus
- leukaemiavirus
- lymphocryptovirus
- macrovirus
- megavirus
- microvirus
- mimivirus
- Muerto Canyon virus
- mycovirus
- myxovirus
- neurovirus
- nonvirus
- Omicron virus
- omicron virus
- oncovirus
- palaeovirus
- paleovirus
- papillomavirus
- parainfluenzavirus
- paramyxovirus
- parvovirus
- phycovirus
- phytovirus
- poliovirus
- polyomavirus
- poxvirus
- protovirus
- provirus
- pseudovirus
- retrovirus
- ribodeoxyvirus
- ribovirus
- spiravirus
- subvirus
- supervirus
- tetravirus
- ultravirus
- viral
- viricide
- virion
- viroid
- virokine
- virosis
- viruscide
- virusemia
- virusless
- viruslike
- virusoid
- virusproof
- virus-proof
- virussy
Descendants
- → Amharic: ቫይረስ (vayräs)
- → Bengali: ভাইরাস (bhairaś)
- → Burmese: ဗိုင်းရပ်စ် (buing:rapc)
- → Dhivehi: ވައިރަސް (vairas)
- → Hindi: वायरस (vāyras)
- → Japanese: バイラス (bairasu)
- → Kannada: ವೈರಸ್ (vairas)
- → Korean: 바이러스 (baireoseu)
- → Lao: ໄວຣັສ (wai rat)
- → Malay: virus
- → Malayalam: വൈറസ് (vaiṟasŭ)
- → Maltese: vajrus
- → Sinhalese: වෛරස (wairasa)
- → Telugu: వైరస్ (vairas)
- → Thai: ไวรัส (wai-rát)
- → Urdu: وائرس
Translations
infectious organism
|
disease
computer virus
|
Verb
virus (third-person singular simple present viruses, present participle virusing, simple past and past participle virused)
- (nonstandard, rare) To send or infect an electronic device with a computer virus.
- I'm just going to virus anyone who tries cheating on this game.
See also
Further reading
Plural of virus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - Virus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Computer virus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Virus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
virus m (plural virus)
Etymology
Noun
virus (definite accusative virusu, plural viruslar)
Declension
| Possessive forms of virus | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | virusum | viruslarım | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | virusun | virusların | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | virusu | virusları | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | virusumuz | viruslarımız | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | virusunuz | viruslarınız | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | virusu or virusları | virusları | ||||||
| accusative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | virusumu | viruslarımı | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | virusunu | viruslarını | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | virusunu | viruslarını | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | virusumuzu | viruslarımızı | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | virusunuzu | viruslarınızı | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | virusunu or viruslarını | viruslarını | ||||||
| dative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | virusuma | viruslarıma | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | virusuna | viruslarına | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | virusuna | viruslarına | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | virusumuza | viruslarımıza | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | virusunuza | viruslarınıza | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | virusuna or viruslarına | viruslarına | ||||||
| locative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | virusumda | viruslarımda | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | virusunda | viruslarında | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | virusunda | viruslarında | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | virusumuzda | viruslarımızda | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | virusunuzda | viruslarınızda | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | virusunda or viruslarında | viruslarında | ||||||
| ablative | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | virusumdan | viruslarımdan | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | virusundan | viruslarından | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | virusundan | viruslarından | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | virusumuzdan | viruslarımızdan | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | virusunuzdan | viruslarınızdan | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | virusundan or viruslarından | viruslarından | ||||||
| genitive | ||||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| mənim (“my”) | virusumun | viruslarımın | ||||||
| sənin (“your”) | virusunun | viruslarının | ||||||
| onun (“his/her/its”) | virusunun | viruslarının | ||||||
| bizim (“our”) | virusumuzun | viruslarımızın | ||||||
| sizin (“your”) | virusunuzun | viruslarınızın | ||||||
| onların (“their”) | virusunun or viruslarının | viruslarının | ||||||
Further reading
- “virus” in Obastan.com.
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
virus m (invariable)
Related terms
Pronunciation
- (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA(key): [ˈviːrʏs]
- (Revived Late Cornish) IPA(key): [ˈviːrɪz]
Noun
virus m (plural virusys)
References
- Cornish-English Dictionary from Maga's Online Dictionary
- Akademi Kernewek Gerlyver Kernewek (FSS) Cornish Dictionary (SWF) (in Cornish), 2018, published 2018, page 190
Etymology
Noun
virus
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | virus | viruslar |
| genitive | virusnıñ | viruslarnıñ |
| dative | virusqa | viruslarğa |
| accusative | virusnı | viruslarnı |
| locative | virusta | viruslarda |
| ablative | virustan | viruslardan |
Declension of virus
References
Alternative forms
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
virus m inan
- (virology) virus (a submicroscopic, non-cellular structure)
- (computing) virus (a type of computer malware)
Declension
Declension of virus (hard masculine inanimate foreign)
Related terms
- antivirový
- odvirovat
- virální
- virolog
- virologický
- virologie
- virový
- zavirovat
Further reading
Etymology
Noun
virus c or n (singular definite virussen or virusset, plural indefinite virus or virusser or vira, plural definite virussene or virusserne or viraene)
Etymology
From Latin vīrus. Coined in the virological sense by Martinus Beijerinck; the word had been previously used for pathogens, although not for viruses in the modern sense. The computing sense derives from English virus.
Pronunciation
Noun
virus n (plural virussen, diminutive virusje n)
- (microbiology) virus
- (computer science) virus (computer virus)
Usage notes
Like most Latin borrowings, this word kept its original Latin gender (neuter); it is one of the few Dutch words ending in -us which is not masculine; cf. also corpus and opus. Marginally, use as a masculine noun is sometimes erroneously encountered, indeed based on the ending.
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
virus
- virus
- (computer security) virus (computer virus)
Declension
| Inflection of virus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | virus | virukset | |
| genitive | viruksen | virusten viruksien | |
| partitive | virusta | viruksia | |
| illative | virukseen | viruksiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | virus | virukset | |
| accusative | nom. | virus | virukset |
| gen. | viruksen | ||
| genitive | viruksen | virusten viruksien | |
| partitive | virusta | viruksia | |
| inessive | viruksessa | viruksissa | |
| elative | viruksesta | viruksista | |
| illative | virukseen | viruksiin | |
| adessive | viruksella | viruksilla | |
| ablative | virukselta | viruksilta | |
| allative | virukselle | viruksille | |
| essive | viruksena | viruksina | |
| translative | virukseksi | viruksiksi | |
| abessive | viruksetta | viruksitta | |
| instructive | — | viruksin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of virus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
- antivirusohjelma
- bakulovirus
- ebolavirus
- flunssavirus
- hepatiittivirus
- herpesvirus
- HI-virus
- influenssavirus
- makrovirus
- papilloomavirus
- poliovirus
- rokkovirus
- syylävirus
- syöpävirus
- tietokonevirus
- tuhkarokkovirus
- vesirokkovirus
- vihurirokkovirus
- viruksentorjuntaohjelma
- virushepatiitti
- virusinfektio
- viruslinko
- virusmuunnos
- virusohjelma
- virusoppi
- virusperäinen
- virusripuli
- virussuojaus
- virustartunta
- virustauti
- virustentorjuntaohjelma
Further reading
- “virus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Anagrams
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
virus m (plural virus)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “virus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin vīrus (“poison, slime, venom”).
Noun
virus m (invariable)
Etymology
Borrowed from Dutch virus, from Latin vīrus (“poison, slime, venom”), via rhotacism from Proto-Italic *weizos, from Proto-Indo-European *wisós (“fluidity, slime, poison”). Doublet of bisa.
- The computing sense is a semantic loan from English virus.
Pronunciation
Noun
virus
- virus
- a submicroscopic, non-cellular structure consisting of a core of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat, that requires a living host cell to replicate, and often causes disease in the host organism; such agents are often classed as nonliving infectious particles and less often as microorganisms.
- (uncountable) a quantity of such infectious agents.
- (metonymically) a disease caused by such an infectious agent; a viral illness.
- (computing) a type of malware which can covertly transmit itself between computers via networks (especially the Internet) or removable storage such as disks, often causing damage to systems and data.
- (computing) any type of malware.
Hyponyms
Computing
- virus komputer
Virology
- virus flu burung
- virus korona
- virus mosaik
- virus utuh
Derived terms
- bervirus
Related terms
Further reading
- “virus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Noun
virus (plural viruses)
Related terms
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
virus m (invariable)
Further reading
- virus in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Pronunciation
Noun
virus m (Latin spelling)
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