trén

See also: tren, trèn, and trên

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtreːn]
• Rhymes: -eːn

Etymology 1

From tré (“lousy, crappy, crummy, poor”, slang) +‎ -n (case suffix).

Adjective

trén

1. superessive singular of tré

Etymology 2

From tré +‎ -n (adverb-forming suffix).

Adverb

trén (comparative trébben, superlative legtrébben)

1. (slang) lousily, crappily, crummily, poorly

   Synonyms: ócskán, silányul

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Austrian German Train^(de), from French train, from French traîner, from Late Latin *tragīnāre, from Latin trahere.^[1]

Noun

trén (plural trének)

1. (military, dated) train of transport, baggage train, wagon train

   Synonyms: vonatcsapat, vonatosztály, poggyászvonat, szállítóoszlop, hadtáp

2. (military, dated) reserves, provision, supplies (equipment, transport, and/or other services for the army)

   Synonyms: hadtáp, utánpótlás

3. (military, dated) a member of the army service corps

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	trén	trének
accusative	trént	tréneket
dative	trénnek	tréneknek
instrumental	trénnel	trénekkel
causal-final	trénért	trénekért
translative	trénné	trénekké
terminative	trénig	trénekig
essive-formal	trénként	trénekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	trénben	trénekben
superessive	trénen	tréneken
adessive	trénnél	tréneknél
illative	trénbe	trénekbe
sublative	trénre	trénekre
allative	trénhez	trénekhez
elative	trénből	trénekből
delative	trénről	trénekről
ablative	tréntől	trénektől
non-attributive possessive - singular	tréné	tréneké
non-attributive possessive - plural	trénéi	trénekéi

Possessive forms of trén
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	trénem	trénjeim
2nd person sing.	tréned	trénjeid
3rd person sing.	trénje	trénjei
1st person plural	trénünk	trénjeink
2nd person plural	trénetek	trénjeitek
3rd person plural	trénjük	trénjeik

Derived terms

Compound words

• trénegyenruha
• trénlaktanya
• trénosztag
• trénszekér
• tréntiszt

 

Related terms

• traktál^[1]

References

1. Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Third, enlarged edition. Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2008. →ISBN

Further reading

• trén in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

Noun

trén

1. inflection of tré:
   1. definite nominative plural
   2. definite accusative plural

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *trexsnos (compare Primitive Irish ᚈᚈᚏᚓᚅᚐᚂᚒᚌᚑᚄ (ttrenalugos), ᚈᚏᚓᚅᚐᚌᚒᚄᚒ (trenagusu)), with comparative *trexsais (compare Middle Welsh trech (“stronger”); Breton trec'h (“victory”); Cornish trygh (“victorious”)); Gaulish Trexius, Trexa, Trenus), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)treg- (“to be stiff, rigid, strong”) (Old Norse þróttr (“strength”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʲrʲeːn/

Noun

trén m (genitive tréuin, tríuin)

1. strong man

Adjective

trén (equative tressithir, comparative tressa, superlative tressam)

1. strong
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 91^b12

     Trén ⁊ mór in chairdine do·rigni⟨s⟩ friu hi tossuch ⁊ cot⟨a⟩·ascrais íarum.

     Strong and great (was) the covenant you sg had made with them at first and you annulled it afterwards.

Inflection

Usually:

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	trén	trén	trén
Vocative	tríuin* trén**
Accusative	trén	tríuin
Genitive	tríuin	tríuine	tríuin
Dative	tríun	tríuin	tríun
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	tríuin	tréna
Vocative	trénu tréna†
Accusative	trénu tréna†
Genitive	trén
Dative	trénaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

In the Würzburg glosses:

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	trén	trén	trén
Vocative	tréuin* trén**
Accusative	trén	tréuin
Genitive	tréuin	tréuine	tréuin
Dative	tríun	tréuin	tríun
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	tréuin	tréna
Vocative	trénu tréna†
Accusative	trénu tréna†
Genitive	trén
Dative	trénaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

As a noun meaning "strong man":

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	trén	trénL	tríuinL
Vocative	tríuin	trénL	tríunuH
Accusative	trénN	trénL	tríunuH
Genitive	tríuinL	trén	trénN
Dative	tríunL	trénaib	trénaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• treise f (“strength, vigour, power”)

Descendants

• Irish: tréan
• Manx: trean
• Scottish Gaelic: treun

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
trén	thrén	trén pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “trén”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, pages 224, 235

Walloon

on trén bedje

Etymology

From French train

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /trẽ/

Noun

trén m (plural tréns)

1. train (railway vehicle)