telik
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *täwδe- or Proto-Uralic *täwde, (*tälkɜ-) (“complete, full”)[1] + -ik (reflexive suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
Verb
telik
- (intransitive) to fill (to get filled)
- (intransitive, of time) to elapse, to pass, to go by
- (intransitive, of time, less commonly of work etc.) to take, demand, require the given amount of expenditure (used with -ba/-be)
- Synonyms: kerül, igénybe vesz
- Egy órába telt, amíg/mire odaértünk / Egy órába telt odaérnünk. ― It took us an hour to get there.
- (intransitive, impersonal) to be able to afford to buy (something -ra/-re, for someone -nak/-nek)
- Synonyms: tellik, futja, megengedhet
- Nekünk nem telik új kocsira. ― We can’t afford a new car.
Usage notes
This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hull(ik), (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.
Conjugation
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | only 3rd-person forms | telik | only 3rd-person forms | telnek | |||
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ― | telt | ― | teltek | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. telni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ― | tele or telék |
― | telének | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. telik vala, telt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ― | telend (or telendik) |
― | telendenek | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | telne (or telnék) |
― | telnének | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. telt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | teljen or teljék |
― | teljenek | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. telt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | telni | ― | telnie | ― | telniük | ||||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| telés | telő | telt | ― | telve (telvén) | |||||
conjugation of telik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | only 3rd-person forms | telhet (or telhetik) |
only 3rd-person forms | telhetnek | |||
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ― | telhetett | ― | telhettek | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ― | telhete or telheték |
― | telhetének | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. telhet vala, telhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ― | telhetend or telandhat (or telhetendik or telandhatik) |
― | telhetendenek or telandhatnak | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | telhetne (or telhetnék) |
― | telhetnének | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. telhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | telhessen (or telhessék) |
― | telhessenek | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. telhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (telhetni) | ― | (telhetnie) | ― | (telhetniük) | ||||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (telhetve / telhetvén) | ||||
potential conjugation of telik
With its uncommon personal forms included:
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | telek | telsz | telik | telünk | teltek | telnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | teltem | teltél | telt | teltünk | teltetek | teltek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. telni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | telék or telém |
telél | tele or telék |
telénk | telétek | telének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. telik vala, telt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | telendek (or telendem) |
telendesz (or telendel) |
telend (or telendik*) |
telendünk | telendetek | telendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | telnék (or telném) |
telnél | telne (or telnék*) |
telnénk | telnétek | telnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. telt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | teljek | telj or teljél |
teljen or teljék |
teljünk | teljetek | teljenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. telt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | telni | telnem | telned | telnie | telnünk | telnetek | telniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| telés | telő | telt | ― | telve (telvén) | |||||
conjugation of telik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | telhetek | telhetsz (or telhetel) |
telhet (or telhetik) |
telhetünk | telhettek | telhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | telhettem | telhettél | telhetett | telhettünk | telhettetek | telhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | telheték or telhetém |
telhetél | telhete or telheték |
telheténk | telhetétek | telhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. telhet vala, telhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | telhetendek or telandhatok (or telhetendem or telandhatom) |
telhetendesz or telandhatsz (or telhetendel or telandhatol) |
telhetend or telandhat (or telhetendik or telandhatik*) |
telhetendünk or telandhatunk |
telhetendetek or telandhattok |
telhetendenek or telandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | telhetnék (or telhetném) |
telhetnél | telhetne (or telhetnék*) |
telhetnénk | telhetnétek | telhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. telhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | telhessek (or telhessem) |
telhess or telhessél |
telhessen (or telhessék) |
telhessünk | telhessetek | telhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. telhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (telhetni) | (telhetnem) | (telhetned) | (telhetnie) | (telhetnünk) | (telhetnetek) | (telhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (telhetve / telhetvén) | ||||
potential conjugation of telik
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
Related terms
References
- Entry #1042 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- telik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- telik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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