Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsurmɑ/, [ˈs̠urmɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -urmɑ
- Syllabification(key): sur‧ma
Noun
surma
- violent death (mainly used of humans)
He saivat surmansa- They got killed
- (literally, “They got their deaths.”)
- the personification of sudden death
Hän joutui surman suuhun.- He got killed.
- (literally, “He got into the mouth of death.”)
- (law) killing, voluntary manslaughter under mitigating circumstances
Usage notes
- (law): "killing" is the unofficial translation of Finnish penal code used by the Ministry of Justice of Finland. See usage notes under tappo.
Declension
More information nominative, genitive ...
Inflection of surma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) |
nominative |
surma |
surmat |
genitive |
surman |
surmien |
partitive |
surmaa |
surmia |
illative |
surmaan |
surmiin |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
surma |
surmat |
accusative |
nom. |
surma |
surmat |
gen. |
surman |
genitive |
surman |
surmien surmain rare |
partitive |
surmaa |
surmia |
inessive |
surmassa |
surmissa |
elative |
surmasta |
surmista |
illative |
surmaan |
surmiin |
adessive |
surmalla |
surmilla |
ablative |
surmalta |
surmilta |
allative |
surmalle |
surmille |
essive |
surmana |
surmina |
translative |
surmaksi |
surmiksi |
abessive |
surmatta |
surmitta |
instructive |
— |
surmin |
comitative |
See the possessive forms below. |
Close
More information first-person singular possessor, singular ...
first-person singular possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
surmani |
surmani |
accusative |
nom. |
surmani |
surmani |
gen. |
surmani |
genitive |
surmani |
surmieni surmaini rare |
partitive |
surmaani |
surmiani |
inessive |
surmassani |
surmissani |
elative |
surmastani |
surmistani |
illative |
surmaani |
surmiini |
adessive |
surmallani |
surmillani |
ablative |
surmaltani |
surmiltani |
allative |
surmalleni |
surmilleni |
essive |
surmanani |
surminani |
translative |
surmakseni |
surmikseni |
abessive |
surmattani |
surmittani |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | surmineni |
second-person singular possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
surmasi |
surmasi |
accusative |
nom. |
surmasi |
surmasi |
gen. |
surmasi |
genitive |
surmasi |
surmiesi surmaisi rare |
partitive |
surmaasi |
surmiasi |
inessive |
surmassasi |
surmissasi |
elative |
surmastasi |
surmistasi |
illative |
surmaasi |
surmiisi |
adessive |
surmallasi |
surmillasi |
ablative |
surmaltasi |
surmiltasi |
allative |
surmallesi |
surmillesi |
essive |
surmanasi |
surminasi |
translative |
surmaksesi |
surmiksesi |
abessive |
surmattasi |
surmittasi |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | surminesi |
first-person plural possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
surmamme |
surmamme |
accusative |
nom. |
surmamme |
surmamme |
gen. |
surmamme |
genitive |
surmamme |
surmiemme surmaimme rare |
partitive |
surmaamme |
surmiamme |
inessive |
surmassamme |
surmissamme |
elative |
surmastamme |
surmistamme |
illative |
surmaamme |
surmiimme |
adessive |
surmallamme |
surmillamme |
ablative |
surmaltamme |
surmiltamme |
allative |
surmallemme |
surmillemme |
essive |
surmanamme |
surminamme |
translative |
surmaksemme |
surmiksemme |
abessive |
surmattamme |
surmittamme |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | surminemme |
second-person plural possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
surmanne |
surmanne |
accusative |
nom. |
surmanne |
surmanne |
gen. |
surmanne |
genitive |
surmanne |
surmienne surmainne rare |
partitive |
surmaanne |
surmianne |
inessive |
surmassanne |
surmissanne |
elative |
surmastanne |
surmistanne |
illative |
surmaanne |
surmiinne |
adessive |
surmallanne |
surmillanne |
ablative |
surmaltanne |
surmiltanne |
allative |
surmallenne |
surmillenne |
essive |
surmananne |
surminanne |
translative |
surmaksenne |
surmiksenne |
abessive |
surmattanne |
surmittanne |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | surminenne |
third-person possessor |
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
surmansa |
surmansa |
accusative |
nom. |
surmansa |
surmansa |
gen. |
surmansa |
genitive |
surmansa |
surmiensa surmainsa rare |
partitive |
surmaansa |
surmiaan surmiansa |
inessive |
surmassaan surmassansa |
surmissaan surmissansa |
elative |
surmastaan surmastansa |
surmistaan surmistansa |
illative |
surmaansa |
surmiinsa |
adessive |
surmallaan surmallansa |
surmillaan surmillansa |
ablative |
surmaltaan surmaltansa |
surmiltaan surmiltansa |
allative |
surmalleen surmallensa |
surmilleen surmillensa |
essive |
surmanaan surmanansa |
surminaan surminansa |
translative |
surmakseen surmaksensa |
surmikseen surmiksensa |
abessive |
surmattaan surmattansa |
surmittaan surmittansa |
instructive |
— |
— |
comitative |
— | surmineen surminensa |
|
Close
Synonyms
- (voluntary manslaughter): tappo (common language)
Noun
surma
- death
Declension
More information Declension of (type 3/koira, no gradation), singular ...
|
singular |
plural |
nominative |
surma |
surmat |
genitive |
surman |
surmiin |
partitive |
surmaa |
surmia |
illative |
surmaa |
surmii |
inessive |
surmaas |
surmiis |
elative |
surmast |
surmist |
allative |
surmalle |
surmille |
adessive |
surmaal |
surmiil |
ablative |
surmalt |
surmilt |
translative |
surmaks |
surmiks |
essive |
surmanna, surmaan |
surminna, surmiin |
exessive1) |
surmant |
surmint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Close
References
- Fedor Tumansky (1790) “сурума”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 699
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 551