ramus

See also: Ramus and rámus

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rāmus (“branch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹeɪməs/
• Rhymes: -eɪməs

Noun

ramus (plural rami)

1. A small spray or twig.
2. (biology) A branching, as of nerves or blood vessels.
3. (ornithology) The stem of a barb of a feather, from which the barbules extend.
4. (anatomy) A bony projection, particularly of the jaw, but also in the groin area, both subject to the maturing process of symphysis.

Derived terms

• ramal

Related terms

• interramal
• ramification

Anagrams

• Masur, Sarum, Surma, Umars, amurs, arums, musar, rusma, surma

Latin

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Italic *wrādmos, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂dmos, from *wréh₂ds (“root”). Cognate with rādīx.^[1]

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈraː.mus/, [ˈräːmʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈra.mus/, [ˈräːmus]

Noun

rāmus m (genitive rāmī); second declension

1. branch, bough, limb

   Adeō tenerī rāmī sunt, ut laevī tactū digitī dēcutiantur.

   The branches are so soft that they can be shaken off by the touch of a left finger.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	rāmus	rāmī
genitive	rāmī	rāmōrum
dative	rāmō	rāmīs
accusative	rāmum	rāmōs
ablative	rāmō	rāmīs
vocative	rāme	rāmī

Derived terms

• rāmāle
• rāmeus
• rāmex
• rāmificō
• rāmōsus
• rāmulus
• rāmusculus

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Romanian: ram
• Italian: ramo
• Old French: raim, rain, ram, reim, rein
• Old Occitan: ram
  • Occitan: ram
• Old Galician-Portuguese: ramo
  • Galician: ramo, rama
  • Portuguese: ramo
• Old Spanish: ramo
  • Spanish: ramo
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: ram
  • Romansch: rom, ram (Puter)
• → Albanian: rremb
• → English: ramus
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *rāma
  • Dalmatian: ruoma
  • Sicilian: rama
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *ramellus
  • Old French: ramel
    • French: rameau
    • Walloon: ramxhyî
  • Old Occitan: ramel
    • Occitan: ramèl
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *dērāmō, *dērāmāre
  • Dalmatian: dramur
  • Eastern Romance:
    • Romanian: dărâma, dărma
  • Italian: diramare
  • Old French: deramer
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: derramar
    • Galician: derramar
    • Portuguese: derramar
  • Old Spanish:
    • Spanish: derramar
  • → Albanian: dërmoj (uncertain)

References

• “ramus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ramus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "ramus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the twigs are shooting out, spreading: rami late diffunduntur
    

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 513

Anagrams

• armus

Lithuanian

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem- (“to rest”).^[1] Compare Latvian rāms (“calm, tranquil”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rɐˈmʊs̪]

Adjective

ramùs m (stress pattern: 4) ^[2]

1. calm

   ramus miegas^[2] - calm sleep

   ramus oras^[2] - calm weather

   rami jūra^[2] - a calm sea

   rami gatvė^[2] - a tranquil street

Inflection

positive degree
neuter		ramù
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	ramùs	rãmūs		ramì	rãmios
genitive	ramaũs	ramių̃		ramiõs	ramių̃
dative	ramiám	ramíems		rãmiai	ramióms
accusative	rãmų	ramiùs		rãmią	ramiàs
instrumental	ramiù	ramiaĩs		ramià	ramiomìs
locative	ramiamè	ramiuosè		ramiojè	ramiosè
vocative	ramùs	rãmūs		ramì	rãmios
comparative degree
neuter		ramiaũ
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	ramèsnis	ramesnì		ramèsnė	ramèsnės
genitive	ramèsnio	ramesnių̃		ramesnė̃s	ramesnių̃
dative	ramesniám	ramesníems		ramèsnei	ramesnė̃ms
accusative	ramèsnį	ramesniùs		ramèsnę	ramesnès
instrumental	ramesniù	ramesniaĩs		ramesnè	ramesnėmìs
locative	ramesniamè	ramesniuosè		ramèsnėje	ramesnėsè
superlative degree
neuter		ramiáusia
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	ramiáusias	ramiáusi		ramiáusia	ramiáusios
genitive	ramiáusio	ramiáusių		ramiáusios	ramiáusių
dative	ramiáusiam	ramiáusiems		ramiáusiai	ramiáusioms
accusative	ramiáusią	ramiáusius		ramiáusią	ramiáusias
instrumental	ramiáusiu	ramiáusiais		ramiáusia	ramiáusiomis
locative	ramiáusiame	ramiáusiuose		ramiáusioje	ramiáusiose

Non-pronominal forms (neįvardžiuotinės formos) of ramus

positive degree
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	ramùsis	ramíeji		ramióji	rãmiosios
genitive	rãmiojo	ramių̃jų		ramiõsios	ramių̃jų
dative	ramiájam	ramíesiems		rãmiajai	ramiósioms
accusative	rãmųjį	ramiúosius		rãmiąją	ramią́sias
instrumental	ramiúoju	ramiaĩsiais		ramią́ja	ramiõsiomis
locative	ramiãjame	ramiuõsiuose		ramiõjoje	ramiõsiose
vocative	ramùsis	ramíeji		ramióji	rãmiosios
comparative degree
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	ramesnỹsis	ramesníeji		ramesnióji	ramèsniosios
genitive	ramèsniojo	ramesnių̃jų		ramesniõsios	ramesnių̃jų
dative	ramesniájam	ramesníesiems		ramèsniajai	ramesniósioms
accusative	ramèsnįjį	ramesniúosius		ramèsniąją	ramesnią́sias
instrumental	ramesniúoju	ramesniaĩsiais		ramesnią́ja	ramesniõsiomis
locative	ramesniãjame	ramesniuõsiuose		ramesniõjoje	ramesniõsiose
superlative degree
	masculine			feminine
	singular	plural		singular	plural
nominative	ramiáusiasis	ramiáusieji		ramiáusioji	ramiáusiosios
genitive	ramiáusiojo	ramiáusiųjų		ramiáusiosios	ramiáusiųjų
dative	ramiáusiajam	ramiáusiesiems		ramiáusiajai	ramiáusiosioms
accusative	ramiáusiąjį	ramiáusiuosius		ramiáusiąją	ramiáusiąsias
instrumental	ramiáusiuoju	ramiáusiaisiais		ramiáusiąja	ramiáusiosiomis
locative	ramiáusiajame	ramiáusiuosiuose		ramiáusiojoje	ramiáusiosiose

Pronominal forms (įvardžiuotinės formos) of ramus

Synonyms

• tylus

Derived terms

• (noun) ramybė f

References

1. “ramus”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
2. “ramus” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.