stary

See also: Stary and starý

English

Etymology

From stare +‎ -y.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stɛə.ɹɪ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Adjective

stary (comparative starier, superlative stariest)

1. Alternative spelling of starey
   • 1980, Stephen King, The Mist:

     Buddy Eagleton was ahead of Reppler and he turned to run, his eyes wide and stary.

Anagrams

• T-rays, artsy, satyr, stray, trays, yrast

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *starъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstarɨ/

Adjective

stary (comparative staršy, superlative nejstaršy)

1. old

   Antonyms: młody, nowy

   • 1998, Erwin Hannusch, chapter 1, in Niedersorbisch praktisch und verständlich, Bautzen: Domowina Verlag, →ISBN, page 20:

     Tšochu dalej su Stare wiki.

     Somewhat further on is the Old Market.

Declension

	Masculine singular	Feminine singular	Neuter singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	stary	stara	stare	starej	stare
Genitive	starego	stareje	starego	stareju	starych
Dative	staremu	starej	staremu	staryma	starym
Accusative	stary starego (animate)	staru	stare	starej stareju (animate)	stare starych (optional animate form)
Instrumental	starym	stareju	starym	staryma	starymi
Locative	starem	starej	starem	staryma	starych

Declension of stary

Derived terms

• starjejšej (“parents”)

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “stary”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “stary”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *starъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /starɨː/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /starɨ/

Adjective

stary (comparative starszy or starzejszy, superlative nastarszy)

1. old (having existed in the past)
2. old (having existed for a long time)
3. old (that is no longer valid)
4. old (of a living being, having lived for most of the expected years)
5. (of a family member, particularly a sibling) older (having been born before another)

Noun

stary m animacy unattested

1. (nominalized) old person
2. (nominalized, in the plural) parents
3. (nominalized) high rank or position
4. (nominalized) elected head of a rural subdivision

Derived terms

adverbs

• na stare kolana
• od starego czasu
• stara

nouns

• rycerz stary
• stara mać
• stara przysięga
• stare dni
• stare lata
• stare mięsopusty
• starosta
• staroswat
• staroć
• starość
• stary ociec
• stary zakon
• Stary Zakon
• starz
• starzec
• starzy Żydowie
• starzyna
• starzyzna

verbs

• być star lat impf
• starzeć impf

Related terms

adjectives

• podstarzały
• przestarzały
• staradawny
• starodawny
• starościn
• starośćski
• zastarzały
• zstarzały

adverb

• z starodawna

nouns

• podstarości
• postarzenie
• starostwo
• starościna
• starzectwo
• zastarzałość

verbs

• postarzeć pf
• przestarzeć pf
• zastarzeć pf, zastarzawać impf
• zstarać pf
• zstarzeć pf

Descendants

• Polish: stary, story (Southern Greater Poland)
• Silesian: stary

References

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “stary”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “stary”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Alternative forms

• story (Southern Greater Poland)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish stary.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈsta.rɘ/

• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈsta.rɨ/
• (Greater Poland):
  • (Southern Greater Poland) IPA^(key): /ˈsta.rɘ/
• (Masovia):
  • (Far Masovian) IPA^(key): /ˈsta.rɘ/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -arɘ
• Syllabification: sta‧ry
• Homophone: Stary

Adjective

stary (comparative starszy, superlative najstarszy, derived adverb staro)

1. old (of a living being, having lived for most of the expected years)

   Synonyms: leciwy, posunięty w latach, sędziwy, starszy, wcześnie urodzony, wiekowy, zaawansowany wiekiem

   Antonym: młody

2. old (characteristic of such a being)

   Synonym: starczy

   Antonym: młody

3. old (having a lot of experience)

   Synonym: doświadczony

4. old (having existed for a long time)

   Synonym: nienowy

   Antonym: nowy

5. old (destroyed or worn-out)

   Synonym: nienowy

   Antonym: nowy

6. old (that is no longer valid)

   Synonym: dawny

   Antonym: nowy

7. old (having existed for a while but not outdated)

   Synonym: dawny

8. old (familiar, having been known to the speaker for a long time)

   Synonym: dawny

9. old (not fresh)

   Synonym: nieświeży

Declension

singular					plural
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter	virile (= masculine personal)	non-virile
nominative	stary		stara	stare	starzy	stare
genitive	starego		starej	starego	starych
dative	staremu		starej	staremu	starym
accusative	starego	stary	starą	stare	starych	stare
instrumental	starym		starą	starym	starymi
locative	starym		starej	starym	starych

Declension of stary (hard)

Derived terms

adjective

• starej daty
• stary jak świat
• stary, ale jary

adverbs

• na stare lata
• po starej znajomości
• starym torem

interjection

• stary koniu

nouns

• stara bieda
• stara gwardiastara krowa
• stara maleńka
• stara panna
• Stare
• stare dzieje
• stare kąty
• stare lata
• stare miasto
• stare pudło
• stare śmieci
• starość
• stary kawaler
• Stary Kontynent
• stary koń
• stary malutki
• stary portfel
• stary styl
• Stary Świat
• Stary Testament
• stary wróbel

proverb

• stara miłość nie rdzewieje
• starego wróbla na plewy nie nabierzesz
• w starym piecu diabeł pali

verbs

• starzeć impf

verbs

• zrzucić starą skórę pf, zrzucać starą skórę impf

Noun

stary m pers (female equivalent stara)

1. (nominalized, colloquial, expressive or dialectal, Far Masovian) old man (father)
2. (nominalized, colloquial, expressive or dialectal, Southern Greater Poland, literally) old man
3. (nominalized, colloquial, expressive or dialectal, Far Masovian) old man (husband)
4. (nominalized, colloquial, expressive) friend, dude
5. (in the plural, nominalized, colloquial) 'rents (one's father and mother)

   Synonyms: rodzice, rodziciele, staruszkowie

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	stary	starzy
genitive	starego	starych
dative	staremu	starym
accusative	starego	starych
instrumental	starym	starymi
locative	starym	starych
vocative	stary	starzy

Declension of stary

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), stary is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 44 times in scientific texts, 21 times in news, 39 times in essays, 104 times in fiction, and 76 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 284 times, making it the 180th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

References

1. Ida Kurcz (1990) “stary”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 559

Further reading

• stary in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• stary in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “stary”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “STARY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2010 January 8
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “stary”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “stary”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “stary”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 401
• stary in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
• Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “stary”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 122
• Oskar Kolberg (1877) “stary”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 31

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish stary.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsta.rɪ/
• Rhymes: -arɪ
• Syllabification: sta‧ry

Adjective

stary (comparative starszy, superlative nojstarszy, derived adverb staro)

1. old (of someone or something that has existed for a relatively long time)

   Synonyms: niymody, syńdziwy

   Antonym: mody

2. old (not new)

   Antonym: nowy

3. old (of a living being, having lived for most of the expected years)
4. old (that is no longer valid)

   Synonym: były

   Antonym: nowy

5. old (known to the speaker for a long time)
6. old (having a lot of experience)

   Antonym: świyży

7. old (not fresh)

   Antonym: mody

Declension

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	virile	nonvirile
nominative		stary	stare	starŏ	starzi	stare
genitive		starego		staryj	starych
dative		starymu		staryj	starym
accusative	animate	starego	stare	starõ	starych	stare
	inanimate	stary
instrumental		starym		starōm	starymi
locative		starym		staryj	starych
vocative		stary	stare	starŏ	starzi	stare

Declension of stary

Further reading

• stary in dykcjonorz.eu
• stary in silling.org

Upper Sorbian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stàrъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstaʀɨ/
• Rhymes: -aʀɨ
• Hyphenation: sta‧ry
• Syllabification: sta‧ry

Adjective

stary (comparative starši, superlative najstarši, absolute superlative nanajstarši, excessive přestary, adverb starje)

1. old

   Kak stary sy ty?

   How old are you?

Declension

	singular				dual		plural
	masculine		neuter	feminine	virile	nonvirile	virile	nonvirile
	personal/animal	inanimate
nominative, vocative	stary		stare	stara	staraj	starej	stari	stare
genitive	stareho staroh¹			stareje	stareju		starych
dative	staremu starom¹			starej	starymaj		starym
accusative	stareho staroh¹	stary	stare	staru	stareju	starej	starych	stare
instrumental	starym			starej	starymaj		starymi
locative							starych

Declension of stary

¹ Poetic or colloquial.

References

• “stary” in Soblex