sar

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sar"

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• saru, ansar, ansaru

Etymology

From Latin saliō. Compare Romanian sări, sar.

Verb

sar first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative sari or sare, past participle sãritã)

1. to jump, leap

Related terms

• sãriri / sãrire
• sãrit
• arsar

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Middle Mongol ᠰᠠᠷ (sar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɑr]

Noun

sar (definite accusative sarı, plural sarlar)

1. common buzzard

Declension

Declension of sar
	singular	plural
nominative	sar	sarlar
definite accusative	sarı	sarları
dative	sara	sarlara
locative	sarda	sarlarda
ablative	sardan	sarlardan
definite genitive	sarın	sarların

Possessive forms of sar
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarım	sarlarım
sənin (“your”)	sarın	sarların
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarı	sarları
bizim (“our”)	sarımız	sarlarımız
sizin (“your”)	sarınız	sarlarınız
onların (“their”)	sarı or sarları	sarları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımı	sarlarımı
sənin (“your”)	sarını	sarlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarını	sarlarını
bizim (“our”)	sarımızı	sarlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	sarınızı	sarlarınızı
onların (“their”)	sarını or sarlarını	sarlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarıma	sarlarıma
sənin (“your”)	sarına	sarlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarına	sarlarına
bizim (“our”)	sarımıza	sarlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	sarınıza	sarlarınıza
onların (“their”)	sarına or sarlarına	sarlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımda	sarlarımda
sənin (“your”)	sarında	sarlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarında	sarlarında
bizim (“our”)	sarımızda	sarlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	sarınızda	sarlarınızda
onların (“their”)	sarında or sarlarında	sarlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımdan	sarlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	sarından	sarlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarından	sarlarından
bizim (“our”)	sarımızdan	sarlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	sarınızdan	sarlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	sarından or sarlarından	sarlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	sarımın	sarlarımın
sənin (“your”)	sarının	sarlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	sarının	sarlarının
bizim (“our”)	sarımızın	sarlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	sarınızın	sarlarınızın
onların (“their”)	sarının or sarlarının	sarlarının

Further reading

• “sar” in Obastan.com.

Chuukese

Adjective

sar

1. over, finished

Daur

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *sara, compare Mongolian сар (sar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sar/

Noun

sar

1. moon

   Coordinate term: nar (“sun”)

Maltese

Root
s-j-r (becoming)
5 terms

Etymology

From Arabic صارَ (ṣāra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saːr/
• Homophone: sahar
• Rhymes: -aːr

Verb

sar (imperfect jsir, past participle misjur, verbal noun sajran)

1. (copulative) to become

   Studjat il-Latin u saret għalliema. ― She studied Latin and became a teacher.

   • 2022, Nadia Mifsud, meta tinfetaq il-folla, Ede Books, →ISBN:

     f’żarbun ġa ssikkat. irkiekel dahri
     tat-terrakotta － ’kk tmisshom,
     isiru frak. dil-belt tentakli waħedha －
     għoddha qalftitni fatat.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (with imperfect verb) to come to; to start to

   Sirt nifhem xi jfisser tkun fqir. ― I came to understand what it means to be poor.

3. (intransitive, of fruits) to ripen
4. (intransitive, of food) to be cooking; to become ready; to be in the oven, on the hob

   Is-soppa qed issir. ― The soup is cooking.

Conjugation

Conjugation of sar
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	sirt	sirt	sar		sirna	sirtu	saru
	f			saret
imperfect	m	nsir	ssir	jsir		nsiru	ssiru	jsiru
	f			ssir
imperative			sir				siru

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English sār.

Noun

sar

1. Alternative form of sore

Descendants

• Scots: sare, sair
• English: sore

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). Compare Persian سرد (sard, “cold”), Sanskrit शीत (śīta, “cold”), and English cold.

Adjective

sar (comparative sartir, superlative sartirîn)

1. cold

Northern Tujia

Pronunciation

• (Longshan) IPA^(key): /sa˨˩/

Noun

sar

1. speech; word
2. language

Old Danish

Alternative forms

• saar (Jutland)

Etymology

From Old Norse sár, from Proto-Germanic *sairą.

Noun

sār n (genitive sārs, plural sār)

1. (Scania) wound
   • c. 1210, "Far horkarl sar", Scanian Law, chapter 216.

     Far horkarl sar innæn siangu mæþ annærs manz kunu […]

     If a male prostitute gets wounds in bed with another man's wife […]

Descendants

• Danish: sår

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑːr/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *sair, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz.

Adjective

sār

1. painful
   • 10th century, The Wanderer:

     Þonne bēoð þȳ hefiġran · heortan benne,
     sāre æfter swǣsne. · Sorg bið ġenīwad,

     Then heart's wounds are heavier,
     painful after beloved. Sorrow is renewed

2. sore

Declension

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sār	sār	sār
Accusative	sārne	sāre	sār
Genitive	sāres	sārre	sāres
Dative	sārum	sārre	sārum
Instrumental	sāre	sārre	sāre
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sāre	sāra, sāre	sār
Accusative	sāre	sāra, sāre	sār
Genitive	sārra	sārra	sārra
Dative	sārum	sārum	sārum
Instrumental	sārum	sārum	sārum

Declension of sār — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sāra	sāre	sāre
Accusative	sāran	sāran	sāre
Genitive	sāran	sāran	sāran
Dative	sāran	sāran	sāran
Instrumental	sāran	sāran	sāran
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sāran	sāran	sāran
Accusative	sāran	sāran	sāran
Genitive	sārra, sārena	sārra, sārena	sārra, sārena
Dative	sārum	sārum	sārum
Instrumental	sārum	sārum	sārum

Declension of sār — Weak

Derived terms

• sārnes
• unsār

Descendants

• Middle English: sore, sor, sar
  • English: sore
  • Geordie English: sair
  • Scots: sair, sare

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *sair, from Proto-Germanic *sairą.

Noun

sār n

1. pain
2. soreness

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	sār	sār
accusative	sār	sār
genitive	sāres	sāra
dative	sāre	sārum

Declension of sār (strong a-stem)

Descendants

• Middle English: sore, sor, sar
  • English: sore
  • Scots: sair, sare

Old High German

Adverb

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sar

1. soon
2. immediately

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sárr, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz.

Adjective

sar

1. sore, aching
2. wounded

Declension

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sār	sār	sārt
accusative	sāran	sāra	sārt
dative	sārum sārom	sārri sārre	sāru sāro
genitive	sārs	sārrar	sārs
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sārir sārer	sārar	sār
accusative	sāra	sārar	sār
dative	sārum sārom	sārum sārom	sārum sārom
genitive	sārra sāra	sārra sāra	sārra sāra

Declension of sār (strong)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sār sār	sāra	sāra
accusative	sāra	sāru sāro	sāra
dative	sāra	sāru sāro	sāra
genitive	sāra	sāru sāro	sāra
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro
accusative	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro
dative	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro
genitive	sāru sāro	sāru sāro	sāru sāro

Declension of sārer (weak)

Romani

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit सरओ (sarao), from Sanskrit सरत्रम् (saratram).^[1]

Adverb

sar

1. how? (interrogative)^[2][3]

References

1. Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “sar”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 255b
2. Marcel Courthiade (2009) “sar I”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 318b
3. Michael Beníšek (2020 August) “The Historical Origins of Romani”, in Yaron Matras, Anton Tenser, editors, The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, pages 32-33

Romanian

Verb

sar

1. inflection of sări:
   1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. third-person plural present indicative

Sumerian

Romanization

sar

1. Romanization of 𒊬 (sar)