roach
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Roach
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɹəʊtʃ/
- (US) IPA(key): /ɹoʊt͡ʃ/
Audio (General Australian): (file) - Rhymes: -əʊtʃ
Etymology 1
From Middle English roche, from Old French roche, from Middle Low German roche, ruche (“ray (fish)”), from Old Saxon *rūh, possibly from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz (“rough”).
Cognate with Old English ruhha ("a ray"; > Middle English rouhe, rohȝe), German Rochen (“ray (fish)”).
Noun
roach (plural roach)
- Certain members of the fish family Cyprinidae, including:
- Any fish of species in the genus Rutilus, especially:
- A California roach, of the monotypic genus Hesperoleucus
Derived terms
Translations
Rutilus rutilus
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References
Rutilus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
Etymology 2
Back-formation from cockroach, as if it were a compound. Marijuana-related meanings by similarity of appearance of the butt, attested since the 1930s.
Noun
roach (plural roaches)
- (US) A cockroach.
- (US, slang, smoking) The butt of a marijuana cigarette.
- (US, slang, smoking) An entire marijuana cigarette, blunt, or joint.
- 1957, Alfred Maund, The Big Boxcar, Urbana: University of Illinois Press, →ISBN, page 106:
- In his half hour of free time between brooms it was Willie's custom to smoke his lunch in an alleyway. He'd take just half a roach, only enough to make him feel a new day was starting, no more no less.
- (UK, slang, smoking) The filter of a rolled cigarette or joint, made from card or paper.
- 2000, Zadie Smith, White Teeth, London: Penguin Books, published 2001, →ISBN, page 292:
- Last toke is the yellowing fabric of the roach, containing the stuff that is less than tobacco.
Derived terms
- brown-banded roach (Supella supellectilium)
- dubia roach (Blaptica dubia)
- kikeroach
- Madeira roach (Leucophaea maderae)
- oriental roach (Blatta orientalis)
- roach bomb
- roach clip
- roach coach
- roach fogger
- roach killer
- roach motel
- roach stomper
- sea roach (Ligia oceanica, Ligia exotica)
- Turkroach, turkroach
- wharf roach (Ligia exotica)
- wood roach (Cryptocercus)
Translations
US: cockroach — see cockroach
marijuana as drug — see marijuana
slang: butt of a marijuana cigarette
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slang: filter of a marijuana cigarette
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Etymology 3
Apparently from extended or figurative use of roach (“Cyprinidae”), above. Compare the adjective roached (“styled so that the mane stands up from the neck”).
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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
roach (plural roaches)
- (nautical) Sail material that forms a concave curve rather than straight leech (aft edge) of a sail to increase the sail area over that of a simple triangular sail.
- A haircut or a similar-looking kind of headdress worn by some of the indigenous peoples of North America, often red.
Derived terms
Translations
nautical: curve in the aft edge of a sail
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Verb
roach (third-person singular simple present roaches, present participle roaching, simple past and past participle roached)
- (transitive) To cut or shave off the mane of a horse so that the remaining hair stands up on the neck.
- (transitive, by extension) To cut a person's hair so that it stands straight up.
Derived terms
References
Roach (headdress) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - Category:Roaches (headdress) on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
Etymology 4
Variant of roche (“rock”). Attested since the seventeenth century.
Noun
roach (plural roaches)
- (UK, obsolete, mining) A bed or stratum of some mineral.
- 1749, Rog. Mostyn, “Mineralogy”, in Philosophical Transactions and Collections to the End of the Year, volume II, London: Royal Society, →OCLC, page 379:
- After long Working of this Coal, it was found upon the rising Grounds, that there lay another Roach of Coal, at the Depth of 14 Yards under it
- (UK, regional) Gritty or coarse rock; especially Portland stone or similar limestone.
- 1841, C.H. Smith, “Lithology; or Observations on Stone for Building”, in The Surveyor, Engineer, and Architect, →OCLC, page 13:
- The roach, both of the top and bottom beds, is always imperceptibly incorporated with the freestone, which is invariable situated beneath it.
References
- “roach n.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present
- “roach, n.2.”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000. - “roach, n.3.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
- “roach, n.4.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
- “roach”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Anagrams
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