pona

See also: póna, poña, and p’óna

Kituba

Verb

pona

1. to choose

Ladin

Adverb

pona

1. then; later

Synonyms

• dò; dapò; dapodò

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-pona (infinitive kupona)

1. to heal, to recover
2. to survive

Conjugation

Conjugation of -pona
Positive present -napona Subjunctive -pone Negative -poni Imperative singular pona
Infinitives
Positive kupona Negative kutopona
Imperatives
Singular pona Plural poneni
Tensed forms
Habitual hupona Positive past positive subject concord + -lipona Negative past negative subject concord + -kupona
Positive present (positive subject concord + -napona) Singular Plural 1st person ninapona/napona tunapona 2nd person unapona mnapona 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anapona wanapona other classes positive subject concord + -napona
Negative present (negative subject concord + -poni) Singular Plural 1st person siponi hatuponi 2nd person huponi hamponi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) haponi hawaponi other classes negative subject concord + -poni
Positive future positive subject concord + -tapona Negative future negative subject concord + -tapona
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -pone) Singular Plural 1st person nipone tupone 2nd person upone mpone 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apone wapone other classes positive subject concord + -pone
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sipone Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngepona Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singepona Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalipona Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalipona
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apona) Singular Plural 1st person napona twapona 2nd person wapona mwapona 3rd person m-wa(I/II) apona wapona m-mi(III/IV) wapona yapona ji-ma(V/VI) lapona yapona ki-vi(VII/VIII) chapona vyapona n(IX/X) yapona zapona u(XI) wapona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwapona pa(XVI) papona mu(XVIII) mwapona
Perfect positive subject concord + -mepona "Already" positive subject concord + -meshapona "Not yet" negative subject concord + -japona "If/When" positive subject concord + -kipona "If not" positive subject concord + -sipopona Consecutive kapona / positive subject concord + -kapona Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kapone
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nipona -tupona 2nd person -kupona -wapona/-kuponeni/-waponeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpona -wapona m-mi(III/IV) -upona -ipona ji-ma(V/VI) -lipona -yapona ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kipona -vipona n(IX/X) -ipona -zipona u(XI) -upona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kupona pa(XVI) -papona mu(XVIII) -mupona Reflexive -jipona
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -pona- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -ponaye -ponao m-mi(III/IV) -ponao -ponayo ji-ma(V/VI) -ponalo -ponayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -ponacho -ponavyo n(IX/X) -ponayo -ponazo u(XI) -ponao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -ponako pa(XVI) -ponapo mu(XVIII) -ponamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -pona) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yepona -opona m-mi(III/IV) -opona -yopona ji-ma(V/VI) -lopona -yopona ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chopona -vyopona n(IX/X) -yopona -zopona u(XI) -opona see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kopona pa(XVI) -popona mu(XVIII) -mopona
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -ponea
  • Causative: -ponesha
  • Passive: -ponwa
  • Stative: -poneka

Zou

Noun

pona

1. shirt

References

• http://www.languageinindia.com/feb2013/zouphonologyfinal.pdf