orthodox

See also: Orthodox

English

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orthodox

Wikipedia

Etymology

From Late Middle English orthodoxe, from Middle French orthodoxe and its etymon Late Latin orthodoxus, from Ancient Greek ὀρθόδοξος (orthódoxos), from ὀρθός (orthós, “straight”) + δόξα (dóxa, “opinion”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈɔːθədɒks/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈɔɹθədɑks/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: or‧tho‧dox

Adjective

orthodox (comparative more orthodox, superlative most orthodox)

1. Conforming to the accepted, established, or traditional doctrines of a given faith, religion, or ideology. [from 15th c.]

   Synonym: homodox (less common)

   Antonyms: heretical, heterodox, inorthodox, nonorthodox, unorthodox

   • 2005, Alister E McGrath, Iustitia Dei:

     Five important modifications were made by the Pietists to the orthodox doctrine of justification, each corresponding to a distinctive aspect of the movement's agenda.

   • 2009 December 23, Andrew Brown, The Guardian:

     ‘These speakers are academics who have specialised in Islamic sciences and are well respected in scholarly circles. It is grossly unjust to suggest that they belong to some fringe ideology rather than orthodox Islam.’

2. Adhering to whatever is customary, traditional, or generally accepted. [1640s]

   Synonyms: conservative, conventional

   Antonyms: liberal, outlandish, unorthodox

   • 1838, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter VII, in Alice or The Mysteries […], volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book III, pages 297–298:

     She tattled on: first to one, then to the other—then to all, till she had tattled herself out of breath;—and then the orthodox half hour had expired, and the bell was rung, and the carriage ordered, and Mrs. Hare rose to depart.

   • 1976 March 27, F. Dudley Hart, “History of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis”, in British Medical Journal, volume 1, number 6012, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 763:

     Not only the quack cures of the past but also many forms of treatment given with the best will and intentions in the world by the best and most orthodox doctors of the time seem strange to us today.

3. Of the eastern churches, Eastern Orthodox. [1772]

   Antonyms: Roman Catholic, Western Christianity

4. Of a branch of Judaism. [1853]

   Antonyms: liberal, Reform Judaism

5. (botany) Of pollen, seed, or spores: viable for a long time; viable when dried to low moisture content. [c. 1975]

   Antonym: recalcitrant

Derived terms

• orthodox file manager
• orthodoxise, orthodoxize

Related terms

Terms related to orthodox

• Eastern Orthodox
• Greek Orthodox
• left arm orthodox
• Neo-orthodox
• Orthodoxan
• orthodox spin
• orthodox spinner
• orthodoxy
• Orthodoxy
• paleo-orthodox
• Russian Orthodox Church
• Serbian Orthodox Church

 

Translations

conforming to accepted, established, or traditional doctrines of a given faith, religion, or ideology

Armenian: ուղղադավան (hy) (uġġadavan), ուղղահավատ (hy) (uġġahavat), ուղղափառ (hy) (uġġapʻaṙ), օրթոդոքսալ (ōrtʻodokʻsal) Bengali: ফরায়েজী (fôraẏezī), ফরাজী (fôrazī) Bulgarian: правоверен (bg) (pravoveren) Catalan: ortodox (ca) Czech: ortodoxní (cs), pravověrný Danish: ortodoks, rettroende Dutch: orthodox (nl) Esperanto: ortodoksa Estonian: õigeusklik Finnish: ortodoksinen (fi), ortodoksi-, puhdasoppinen (fi) French: orthodoxe (fr) Georgian: please add this translation if you can German: orthodox (de) Greek: ορθόδοξος (el) m (orthódoxos) Ancient: ὀρθόδοξος (orthódoxos) Hebrew: אוֹרְתּוֹדוֹקְסִי Hindi: रूढ़िवादी (hi) (rūṛhivādī) Hungarian: ortodox (hu) Ido: ortodoxo (io) Irish: ceartchreidmheach, ortadocsach Italian: ortodosso (it) m Malay: ortodoks Middle English: orthodoxe Norwegian: ortodoks Old Church Slavonic: православьнъ (pravoslavĭnŭ), правовѣрьнъ (pravověrĭnŭ) Persian: ارتدکس (fa) (ortodoks) Polish: ortodoksyjny (pl), prawowierny (pl) Portuguese: ortodoxo (pt) Russian: ортодокса́льный (ru) (ortodoksálʹnyj), правове́рный (ru) (pravovérnyj) Slovak: pravoslávny, ortodoxný (sk) Spanish: ortodoxo (es) Swedish: ortodox (sv), renlärig (sv) Ukrainian: ортодокса́льний (uk) (ortodoksálʹnyj), правові́рний (uk) (pravovírnyj) Volapük: lotodogik Yiddish: אָרטאָדאָקסיש (ortodoksish)

adhering to whatever is customary, traditional, or generally accepted

Bulgarian: общоприет (bg) (obštopriet) Chinese: Mandarin: 正統／正统 (zh) (zhèngtǒng) Danish: ortodoks, almindelig anerkendt Dutch: orthodox (nl), traditioneel (nl) Esperanto: ortodoksa Finnish: ortodoksinen (fi), perinteinen (fi), puhdasoppinen (fi) French: orthodoxe (fr) German: orthodox (de) Greek: ορθόδοξος (el) m (orthódoxos) Ancient: ὀρθόδοξος (orthódoxos) Hungarian: ortodox (hu) Ido: ortodoxo (io) Italian: ortodosso (it) m Latin: orthodoxus Portuguese: ortodoxo (pt) Russian: общепри́нятый (ru) (obščeprínjatyj), традицио́нный (ru) (tradiciónnyj) Spanish: ortodoxo (es) Volapük: lotodogik

viable for a long time

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Romanian: (please verify) ortodox (ro) Swedish: (please verify) ortodox (sv)

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin orthodoxus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɔr.toːˈdɔks/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: or‧tho‧dox
• Rhymes: -ɔks

Adjective

orthodox (not comparable)

1. orthodox
   1. (ideology, religion) conforming to conventional norms in opinion or practice

      Karl Kautsky was een orthodoxe socialist. ― Karl Kautsky was an orthodox socialist.

   2. (more generally) staying close to established customs, not particularly innovative

Declension

Declension of orthodox
uninflected	orthodox
inflected	orthodoxe
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial		orthodox
indefinite	m./f. sing.	orthodoxe
	n. sing.	orthodox
	plural	orthodoxe
definite		orthodoxe
partitive		orthodox

Antonyms

• heterodox
• onorthodox

Derived terms

• ultraorthodox

Related terms

• orthodoxie

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin orthodoxus, from Ancient Greek ὀρθόδοξος (orthódoxos), from ὀρθός (orthós, “straight”) + δόξα (dóxa, “opinion”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɔʁ.toˈdɔks/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

orthodox (strong nominative masculine singular orthodoxer, comparative orthodoxer, superlative am orthodoxesten)

1. (religion, sometimes other ideologies) orthodox

   Synonym: rechtgläubig

   Er ist orthodoxer Marxist.

   He is an orthodox Marxist.

2. (religion) Orthodox

   Er ist orthodoxer Jude.

   He is an Orthodox Jew.

Usage notes

• Particularly in Christian contexts, the word is ambiguous as it can have the general sense of “not heterodox”, or the specific senses of “Eastern Orthodox” and “Oriental Orthodox” (which are distinct groups). The specifications byzantinisch-orthodox (“Eastern Orthodox”) and orientalisch-orthodox (“Oriental Orthodox”) are available, though the former is rarely used.

Declension

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist orthodox	sie ist orthodox	es ist orthodox	sie sind orthodox
strong declension (without article)	nominative	orthodoxer	orthodoxe	orthodoxes	orthodoxe
	genitive	orthodoxen	orthodoxer	orthodoxen	orthodoxer
	dative	orthodoxem	orthodoxer	orthodoxem	orthodoxen
	accusative	orthodoxen	orthodoxe	orthodoxes	orthodoxe
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der orthodoxe	die orthodoxe	das orthodoxe	die orthodoxen
	genitive	des orthodoxen	der orthodoxen	des orthodoxen	der orthodoxen
	dative	dem orthodoxen	der orthodoxen	dem orthodoxen	den orthodoxen
	accusative	den orthodoxen	die orthodoxe	das orthodoxe	die orthodoxen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein orthodoxer	eine orthodoxe	ein orthodoxes	(keine) orthodoxen
	genitive	eines orthodoxen	einer orthodoxen	eines orthodoxen	(keiner) orthodoxen
	dative	einem orthodoxen	einer orthodoxen	einem orthodoxen	(keinen) orthodoxen
	accusative	einen orthodoxen	eine orthodoxe	ein orthodoxes	(keine) orthodoxen

Positive forms of orthodox

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist orthodoxer	sie ist orthodoxer	es ist orthodoxer	sie sind orthodoxer
strong declension (without article)	nominative	orthodoxerer	orthodoxere	orthodoxeres	orthodoxere
	genitive	orthodoxeren	orthodoxerer	orthodoxeren	orthodoxerer
	dative	orthodoxerem	orthodoxerer	orthodoxerem	orthodoxeren
	accusative	orthodoxeren	orthodoxere	orthodoxeres	orthodoxere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der orthodoxere	die orthodoxere	das orthodoxere	die orthodoxeren
	genitive	des orthodoxeren	der orthodoxeren	des orthodoxeren	der orthodoxeren
	dative	dem orthodoxeren	der orthodoxeren	dem orthodoxeren	den orthodoxeren
	accusative	den orthodoxeren	die orthodoxere	das orthodoxere	die orthodoxeren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein orthodoxerer	eine orthodoxere	ein orthodoxeres	(keine) orthodoxeren
	genitive	eines orthodoxeren	einer orthodoxeren	eines orthodoxeren	(keiner) orthodoxeren
	dative	einem orthodoxeren	einer orthodoxeren	einem orthodoxeren	(keinen) orthodoxeren
	accusative	einen orthodoxeren	eine orthodoxere	ein orthodoxeres	(keine) orthodoxeren

Comparative forms of orthodox

number & gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter
predicative		er ist am orthodoxesten	sie ist am orthodoxesten	es ist am orthodoxesten	sie sind am orthodoxesten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	orthodoxester	orthodoxeste	orthodoxestes	orthodoxeste
	genitive	orthodoxesten	orthodoxester	orthodoxesten	orthodoxester
	dative	orthodoxestem	orthodoxester	orthodoxestem	orthodoxesten
	accusative	orthodoxesten	orthodoxeste	orthodoxestes	orthodoxeste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der orthodoxeste	die orthodoxeste	das orthodoxeste	die orthodoxesten
	genitive	des orthodoxesten	der orthodoxesten	des orthodoxesten	der orthodoxesten
	dative	dem orthodoxesten	der orthodoxesten	dem orthodoxesten	den orthodoxesten
	accusative	den orthodoxesten	die orthodoxeste	das orthodoxeste	die orthodoxesten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein orthodoxester	eine orthodoxeste	ein orthodoxestes	(keine) orthodoxesten
	genitive	eines orthodoxesten	einer orthodoxesten	eines orthodoxesten	(keiner) orthodoxesten
	dative	einem orthodoxesten	einer orthodoxesten	einem orthodoxesten	(keinen) orthodoxesten
	accusative	einen orthodoxesten	eine orthodoxeste	ein orthodoxestes	(keine) orthodoxesten

Superlative forms of orthodox

Derived terms

• Griechisch-Orthodoxe Kirche f
• Koptisch-Orthodoxe Kirche f
• Russisch-Orthodoxe Kirche f
• Syrisch-Orthodoxe Kirche f
• unorthodox

Related terms

• Orthodoxie

Further reading

• “orthodox” in Duden online
• “orthodox” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache