non

See also: nón, nőn, nôn, nőn, nõn, non-, and Non.

Languages (38)

Translingual • English

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Asturian • Basque • Chiricahua • Chuukese • Cimbrian • Dutch • Fala • French • Friulian • Fula • Galician • Haitian Creole • Ido • Indonesian • Interlingua • Istriot • Italian • Ladino • Latin • Lote • Manchu • Mauritian Creole • Middle French • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old French • Old Galician-Portuguese • Romansch • Seychellois Creole • Sicilian • Spanish • Uzbek • Vietnamese • Vurës • Western Apache • Zazaki

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Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

non

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Old Norse.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Old Norse terms

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /nɑn/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /nɒn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Adverb

non (not comparable)

1. Obsolete form of none.

Noun

non (plural nons)

1. (Malaysia, slang) A non-Muslim citizen.

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin non.

Adverb

non

1. no

Basque

Etymology

From Proto-Basque *no- (interrogative stem) +‎ -n (inessive suffix).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /non/ [nõn]
• Rhymes: -on
• Hyphenation: non

Adverb

non (interrogative)

1. inessive indefinite inanimate of nor; where

Derived terms

• non edo han (“somewhere”)
• non edo non (“somewhere”)
• non ere
• non eta ez
• non zer
• nonahi (“anywhere”)
• nonahi den (“anywhere”)
• nonahiko (“from anywhere”)
• nonahitik (“from anywhere”)
• nonbait (“somewhere”)
• nonbait ere (“somewhere”)
• nonbait han (“more or less”)
• nonbait hor (“more or less”)
• nonbaiteko (“from somewhere”)
• nonbaiten (“somewhere”)
• nonbaitera (“to somewhere”)
• nonbaitetik (“from somewhere”)
• nonbaitik (“from somewhere”)
• nondar (“born where?”)
• nondik (“from where”)
• nondik edo handik (“from somewhere”)
• nondik eta nola
• nondik ez (“of course”)
• nondik nora (“from where to where”)
• nondik norako (“of what form”)
• nondik-bait
• nondik-nahi
• nondik-nahiko
• nondiko
• nongo (“from where”)
• nongonahiko
• nongotar (“born where?”)
• nongotasun (“origin”)
• nongura
• nontsu (“where more or less”)
• nonzerberri

Further reading

• “non”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “non”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Chiricahua

Noun

non

1. Alternative spelling of nun

Chuukese

Preposition

non

1. in

Cimbrian

Noun

non

1. plural of nono (“grandfather”): grandparents

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch nonne, which ultimately derives from Late Latin nonna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɔn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: non
• Rhymes: -ɔn

Noun

non f (plural nonnen, diminutive nonnetje n)

1. nun

Synonyms

• zuster
• kloosterzuster

Derived terms

• bedelnon
• nonnenklooster

Descendants

• → Papiamentu: nònchi (from the diminutive)

Fala

Alternative forms

• nun
• no

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn (“not”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnon/
• Rhymes: -on
• Syllabification: non

Adverb

non

1. not (negates the meaning of the modified verb)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme II, Chapter 2: Recunquista:

     Non poemos analizar con pormenoris estis siglos, pero tampoco se debi toleral que, sin fundamentus, se poña en duda algo que a Historia documentá nos lega sobre nossa terra.

     We can’t thoroughly analyse these centuries, but one mustn’t tolerate that, unfoundedly, something documented history tells us about our land be questioned.

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

French

Etymology

From Old French non, from Latin nōn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones: nom, noms, nons

Adverb

non

1. no

Conjunction

non (literary)

1. not
   • 1869, Sully Prudhomme, “La Voie lactée”, in Les Solitudes:

     Êtes-vous toujours en prière ?
     Êtes-vous des astres blessés ?
     Car ce sont des pleurs de lumière,
     Non des rayons, que vous versez.

     Are you still in prayer?
     Are you hurt stars?
     Because it is cries of light,
     Not rays, that you pour.

Noun

non m (plural non or nons)

1. a no, a negative response

Interjection

non

1. no!

Derived terms

• hélas non
• ni oui ni non
• non mais
• non merci
• non plus
• nul et non avenu
• oh non
• pour un oui ou pour un non
• pourquoi non

Further reading

• “non”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin nōmen, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.

Noun

non m (plural nons)

1. name

Fula

Adverb

non

1. a deictic element referring to either a preceding adverb or the preceding statement

   debbo reeduujo hino hanndi e ñaametee yottiiɗo fii yo tere makko ɗen gollu no haaniri non.

   A pregnant woman requires a substantial diet for her body to function properly

Particle

non

1. a particle of insistance which can be added to a conjunction, interjection or pronoun

   Min non mi yiɗaa ɗun!

   As for me, I especially dislike that

References

• Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.

Galician

Alternative forms

• não (reintegrationist)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nʊ̃ŋ], [ˈnõŋ]
  • Rhymes: -on
• Hyphenation: non

Adverb

non

1. no, not, not at all
2. no (used to show disagreement or negation)
3. no (used to reinforce an affirmation as negation of the alternative - but it can be omitted without changing the meaning)

   Ás veces é mellor berrar que non calar

   Sometimes it is better to shout than to - keep quiet

4. no (reinforces a mandate in interrogative sentences)

Usage notes

Non usually contracts in speech with a following definite article or personal pronoun (a, as, o, os). The result of this contraction, in the past written as nono, no-no, n'o, among other forms, is [nona], [nono], [nonas], [nono] in the east and central areas and [na], [no], [nas], [nos] in the west. Today these contractions are rarely shown in written Galician:

Non o queres? ("You don't want it?"): IPA^(key): (central) [nõnoˈkɛɾɪs], (western) [noˈkɛs].

References

• “non”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “non”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “non”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “non”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɔ̃/

Etymology 1

From French non (“no, not”).

Adverb

non

1. no

Antonyms

• wi

Etymology 2

From French nom (“name”).

Noun

non

1. name

Related terms

• onon

Ido

Ido numbers ^(edit)

	90
←  8	9	10  →
Cardinal: non     Ordinal: nonesma     Adverbial: nonfoye     Multiplier: nonopla     Fractional: nonima

Etymology

From English nine, German neun, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. In length from English nona-, French nona-, Italian nono, Spanish nono.

Numeral

non

1. nine (9)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnɔn]
• Rhymes: -ɔn
• Hyphenation: non

Etymology 1

Ultimately derives from Late Latin nonna.

• The sense of nun is a Dutch non (“nun”), cf above.

Noun

non (uncountable)

1. apocopic form of nona
2. nun

   Synonyms: biarawati, suster

Etymology 2

Cognate of Indonesian non-

Noun

non (uncountable)

1. see kaum non (“non-cooperative groups of Dutch colonial government”).

Further reading

• “non” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Adverb

non

1. not

Istriot

Alternative forms

• nom

Etymology

From Latin nōmen. Compare Friulian non, Dalmatian naun.

Noun

non

1. name

Italian

Etymology

From Latin nōn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /non/
  • (prevocalic) IPA^(key): [no.n‿]
  • preconsonantally the final /-n/ assimilates the place of articulation of the following consonant.
  • (stressed, prepausal) IPA^(key): [ˈnon.nə̆], [ˈnon]

    • Audio:

      (file)

    • Rhymes: -on
• (unmonitored speech, preconsonantal, very common) IPA^(key): /n/, usually assimilates the place of articulation of the following consonant, though some speakers realize this as [n] in all positions.
  • Homophones: 'n, in, un, un'
• (unmonitored speech, prevocalic, less common) IPA^(key): /n‿/, ^*/n‿/

Adverb

non

1. not
2. un-
3. don't

Ladino

Etymology

From Latin nōn.

Adverb

non (Hebrew spelling נון)

1. not

   ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו איל בﬞארון קי נון אנדה אין קונסיזﬞו די מאלוס.

   Bienaventurado el varon que non anda en consejo de malos.

   Blessed is the man who walks not in the counsel of the wicked.

Latin

Alternative forms

• n̄ (abbreviation, Medieval Latin)

Etymology

Uncertain. Maybe from Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *óynos (“one”). Equivalent to ne + ūnus.^[1] Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *nó-h₁ ne (“not at all”) and cognate with the uncertain Gaulish nane (“not”) and Luwian [Term?] (/⁠nā̆na⁠/, “not”).^[2]

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈnoːn/, [ˈnoːn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈnon/, [ˈnɔn]

Particle

nōn (negative particle)

1. not

   Lingua Graeca est; potest nōn legī.

   It's Greek; it can not be read.

   Sit ut est, aut nōn sit.

   Let it be as it is, otherwise it would not be.

Usage notes

The particle nōn may be used to negate verbs, adjectives, nouns, or phrases.

Derived terms

• cūr nōn?
• nec nōn
• non iam/non jam
• nōn intellegō
• nōn male
• non modo
• non quo
• nōn semper Sāturnālia erunt
• nonne
• nonnemo
• sine quā nōn

Related terms

• nē (“not”, + subjunctive)
• nī (“if not, that not”)

Descendants

• Aromanian: nu
• Asturian: nun, ñun
• Dalmatian: na
• Friulian: no
• Italian: no, non
• Ladino: non (נון)
• Lombard: nò
• Mirandese: nun
• Mozarabic: نن (nn), נון (nwn)
• Old French: non, ne
  • French: non, ne
• Old Occitan: non
  • Catalan: no
  • Occitan: non
• Old Galician-Portuguese: nom
  • Galician: non
  • Portuguese: não
• Romanian: nu
• Romansch: na
• Sardinian: no, non, nu
• Sicilian: nun (used before a verb), no (used before a noun), nû (nun + lu/u)
• Spanish: no, non

References

1. Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “non”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 174f.
2. Dunkel, George E. (2014) “*nóh₁ ne ‘gar nicht’”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 533

Further reading

• non in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• non in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• non in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Lote

Noun

non

1. man

References

• Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)

Manchu

Romanization

non

1. Romanization of ᠨᠣᠨ

Mauritian Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɔ̃/

Etymology 1

From French nom.

Noun

non

1. name

Alternative forms

• nom

Etymology 2

From French non.

Adverb

non

1. no; a word used to indicate disagreement or negation

   Antonym: wi

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French non.

Interjection

non

1. no

Descendants

• French: non

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

non

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Etymology

From Old Norse nón, from Latin nona (hora) (“ninth hour”). Akin to English noon and nones.

Noun

non n (definite singular nonet, indefinite plural non, definite plural nona)

1. (historical) the ninth hour after dawn (about 3pm)
2. a meal eaten around 3-5 pm
3. (Catholicism) none, nones

Derived terms

• nonsmat m
• Nonshaug (a common Norwegian toponym)
• Nonshei (toponym common in Trøndelag)
• Nonshøa (toponym common in Oppdal and Upper Gudbrandsdal)
• Nonsfjell (toponym, almost not used in Eastern Norway)
• Nonfjell (toponym, used only in Western and Southern Norway)

References

• “non” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• onn

Old English

Etymology 1

From Latin nōna (“ninth; ninth hour”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /noːn/

Noun

nōn n

1. (historical) Nones, the ninth hour after sunrise
2. (Christianity) Nones, the religious service appointed to this hour

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	nōn	—
accusative	nōn	—
genitive	nōnes	—
dative	nōne	—

Synonyms

• (time): nōntīd, nōntīma
• (religious service): nōnsang

Derived terms

• nōngereord, nōnmete, nōnsang, nōntīd, nōntīma
• ofernōn (“afternoon”)

Descendants

• Middle English: non, none, noon, noun, noune
  • English: noon

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /non/

Noun

non m

1. a form of address from younger to older monks

References

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “nōn”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “non”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin nōn.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -on

Interjection

non

1. no

Adverb

non

1. not
   • c. 1190, Chrétien de Troyes, Le Roman de Percival:

     Les uns barbez, les autres non

     Some bearded, the others not

Noun

non oblique singular, m (oblique plural nons, nominative singular nons, nominative plural non)

1. Alternative form of nom

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin nōn (“no”), from Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnõ/

Adverb

non

1. no, not
   • a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 84 (facsimile):

     ſi ou non

     yes or no

Descendants

• Fala: non
• Galician: non
• Portuguese: não

Romansch

Etymology

From Late Latin nonnus (compare Italian nonno).

Noun

non m (plural nons)

1. (Puter) grandfather

Synonyms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) tat
• (Vallader) bazegner, bapsegner

Related terms

• nona

Seychellois Creole

Etymology

From French non.

Interjection

non

1. no

Sicilian

Alternative forms

• nun

Etymology

Dialectal variant of Sicilian nun, from Latin nōn. Maybe influenced from Italian non.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɔn/

Adverb

non

1. not

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnon/ [ˈnõn]
• Rhymes: -on
• Syllabification: non

Etymology 1

From Latin non.

Adverb

non

1. Archaic form of no.

Etymology 2

From Latin non (par).

Adjective

non

1. odd (indivisible by two)

   Synonym: impar

   Antonym: par

Further reading

• “non”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Uzbek

Other scripts

Yangi Imlo
Cyrillic	нон‍
Latin	non‍
Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan)

Etymology

From Persian نان (nân).

Noun

non (plural nonlar)

1. bread

Declension

Declension of non

	singular	plural
nominative	non	nonlar
genitive	nonning	nonlarning
dative	nonga	nonlarga
definite accusative	nonni	nonlarni
locative	nonda	nonlarda
ablative	nondan	nonlardan
similative	nondek	nonlardek

Possessive forms of non

1st person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	nonim	nonlarim
genitive	nonimning	nonlarimning
dative	nonimga	nonlarimga
definite accusative	nonimni	nonlarimni
locative	nonimda	nonlarimda
ablative	nonimdan	nonlarimdan
similative	nonimdek	nonlarimdek
2nd person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	noning	nonlaring
genitive	noningning	nonlaringning
dative	noningga	nonlaringga
definite accusative	noningni	nonlaringni
locative	noningda	nonlaringda
ablative	noningdan	nonlaringdan
similative	noningdek	nonlaringdek
3rd person singular
	singular	plural
nominative	noni	nonlari
genitive	nonining	nonlarining
dative	noniga	nonlariga
definite accusative	nonini	nonlarini
locative	nonida	nonlarida
ablative	nonidan	nonlaridan
similative	nonidek	nonlaridek
1st person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	nonimiz	nonlarimiz
genitive	nonimizning	nonlarimizning
dative	nonimizga	nonlarimizga
definite accusative	nonimizni	nonlarimizni
locative	nonimizda	nonlarimizda
ablative	nonimizdan	nonlarimizdan
similative	nonimizdek	nonlarimizdek
2nd person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	noningiz	nonlaringiz
genitive	noningizning	nonlaringizning
dative	noningizga	nonlaringizga
definite accusative	noningizni	nonlaringizni
locative	noningizda	nonlaringizda
ablative	noningizdan	nonlaringizdan
similative	noningizdek	nonlaringizdek
3rd person plural
	singular	plural
nominative	noni	nonlari
genitive	nonining	nonlarining
dative	noniga	nonlariga
definite accusative	nonini	nonlarini
locative	nonida	nonlarida
ablative	nonidan	nonlaridan
similative	nonidek	nonlaridek

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [nɔn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [nɔŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [nɔŋ˧˧]

• Audio (Hà Nội):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Vietic *k-nɔːn, from *k-rn-ɔːn, which Ferlus considered an infixed derivation of Proto-Vietic *kɔːn (“child”). Cognate with Chut [Rục] kunɔːn¹, Semai kenon (“child”), Juang kɔnɔn ("child, son, the young one; young"), Khmu [Cuang] krnɔːn ("uterus"). Likely received some semantic influence from 嫩 (MC nwonH) (SV: nộn) as well.

Adjective

non • (嫩)

1. young, tender, green
2. new
3. mild
4. premature
5. not up to the mark

See also

• mầm non
• non dạ
• non nớt
• non tay
• non trẻ

Etymology 2

Noun

non • (𡽫, 𧀒)

1. mountain

See also

• hòn non bộ
• non bộ
• non nước
• non sông
• núi non
• nước non

Vurës

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

non

1. barracuda, (blackfin barracuda) Sphyraena qenie

Further reading

Catriona Malau (2011-05-05) Dictionary of Vurës

Western Apache

Alternative forms

• noi

Etymology

Cognates: Navajo nooʼ, Chiricahua nun, Mescalero nun, Plains Apache nǫǫ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nòn]

Noun

non

1. something stored away, cache

Zazaki

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnon]
• Hyphenation: non

Noun

non

1. Alternative form of nan