greina

Faroese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse greina.

Verb

greina (third person singular past indicative greindi/greinaði, third person plural past indicative greindu/greinaðu, supine greint/greinað)

1. to distinguish
2. to interpret
3. to branch off, ramify
4. to analyze/analyse

Conjugation

Conjugation of greina (group v-1)
infinitive	greina
supine	greint
participle (a7)1	greinandi	greindur
	present	past
first singular	greini	greindi
second singular	greinir	greindi
third singular	greinir	greindi
plural	greina	greindu
	imperative
singular	grein!
plural	greinið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Conjugation of greina (group v-30)
infinitive	greina
supine	greinað
participle (a6)1	greinandi	greinaður
	present	past
first singular	greini	greinaði
second singular	greinar	greinaði
third singular	greinar	greinaði
plural	greina	greinaðu
	imperative
singular	greina!
plural	greinið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkreiːna/
• Rhymes: -eiːna

Etymology 1

From Old Norse greina.

Verb

greina (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative greindi, supine greint)

1. to discern, to distinguish, to separate
   • Genesis 1 (Icelandic translation)

     Guð sagði: „Verði ljós!“ Og það varð ljós. Guð sá, að ljósið var gott, og Guð greindi ljósið frá myrkrinu. Og Guð kallaði ljósið dag, en myrkrið kallaði hann nótt. Það varð kveld og það varð morgunn, hinn fyrsti dagur.

     And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. God saw that the light was good, and He separated the light from the darkness. God called the light "day," and the darkness he called "night." And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.

2. to analyse [with accusative]
3. (of a disease) to diagnose [with accusative]
4. to make something out, to discern [with accusative]
5. (impersonal)

   Okkur greinir á um þetta.

   We disagree about this.

Conjugation

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að greina
supine (sagnbót)		greint
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		greinandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég greini	við greinum	present (nútíð)	ég greini	við greinum
	þú greinir	þið greinið		þú greinir	þið greinið
	hann, hún, það greinir	þeir, þær, þau greina		hann, hún, það greini	þeir, þær, þau greini
past (þátíð)	ég greindi	við greindum	past (þátíð)	ég greindi	við greindum
	þú greindir	þið greinduð		þú greindir	þið greinduð
	hann, hún, það greindi	þeir, þær, þau greindu		hann, hún, það greindi	þeir, þær, þau greindu
imperative (boðháttur)	grein (þú)	greinið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	greindu	greiniði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

greina — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að greinast
supine (sagnbót)		greinst
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		greinandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég greinist	við greinumst	present (nútíð)	ég greinist	við greinumst
	þú greinist	þið greinist		þú greinist	þið greinist
	hann, hún, það greinist	þeir, þær, þau greinast		hann, hún, það greinist	þeir, þær, þau greinist
past (þátíð)	ég greindist	við greindumst	past (þátíð)	ég greindist	við greindumst
	þú greindist	þið greindust		þú greindist	þið greindust
	hann, hún, það greindist	þeir, þær, þau greindust		hann, hún, það greindist	þeir, þær, þau greindust
imperative (boðháttur)	greinst (þú)	greinist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	greinstu	greinisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

greinast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	greindur	greind	greint		greindir	greindar	greind
accusative (þolfall)	greindan	greinda	greint		greinda	greindar	greind
dative (þágufall)	greindum	greindri	greindu		greindum	greindum	greindum
genitive (eignarfall)	greinds	greindrar	greinds		greindra	greindra	greindra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	greindi	greinda	greinda		greindu	greindu	greindu
accusative (þolfall)	greinda	greindu	greinda		greindu	greindu	greindu
dative (þágufall)	greinda	greindu	greinda		greindu	greindu	greindu
genitive (eignarfall)	greinda	greindu	greinda		greindu	greindu	greindu

greindur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

Synonyms

• aðgreina
• kryfja

Derived terms

Derived terms

• greina á milli
• greina frá
• greinast
• greina sundur

Etymology 2

Noun

greina

1. indefinite accusative/genitive plural of greinir

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

greina m or f

1. definite feminine singular of grein

Alternative forms

• greinen

Verb

greina

1. inflection of greine:
   1. simple past
   2. past participle

Alternative forms

• greinet
• greinte (simple past)
• greint (past participle)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

greina f

1. definite singular of grein

Old Norse

Etymology 1

According to Ihre, related to Proto-Germanic *grindaną (“to grind”).^[1] However, compare the noun grein (“branch, distinction”), from *granō (“awn, bristles”).

Verb

greina

1. to divide into parts
2. to discern, distinguish
3. to expound, tell, record
4. (reflexive) to branch out, be separated

Conjugation

infinitive	greina
present participle	greinandi
past participle	greindr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	greini	greinda
2nd-person singular	greinir	greindir
3rd-person singular	greinir	greindi
1st-person plural	greinum	greindum
2nd-person plural	greinið	greinduð
3rd-person plural	greina	greindu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	greina	greinda
2nd-person singular	greinir	greindir
3rd-person singular	greini	greindi
1st-person plural	greinim	greindim
2nd-person plural	greinið	greindið
3rd-person plural	greini	greindi
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	grein, greini
1st-person plural	greinum
2nd-person plural	greinið

Conjugation of greina — active (weak class 1)

infinitive	greinask
present participle	greinandisk
past participle	greinzk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	greinumk	greindumk
2nd-person singular	greinisk	greindisk
3rd-person singular	greinisk	greindisk
1st-person plural	greinumsk	greindumsk
2nd-person plural	greinizk	greinduzk
3rd-person plural	greinask	greindusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	greinumk	greindumk
2nd-person singular	greinisk	greindisk
3rd-person singular	greinisk	greindisk
1st-person plural	greinimsk	greindimsk
2nd-person plural	greinizk	greindizk
3rd-person plural	greinisk	greindisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	greinsk, greinisk
1st-person plural	greinumsk
2nd-person plural	greinizk

Conjugation of greina — mediopassive (weak class 1)

Descendants

• Faroese: greina
• Icelandic: greina
• Norwegian Nynorsk: greine
• Norwegian Bokmål: grene, greine

Etymology 2

Noun

greina

1. indefinite genitive plural of grein

References

• “greina”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

1. Zettersten, A., Mogensen, J. E. (2011). Symposium on Lexicography XI: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Symposium on Lexicography May 2-4, 2002 at the University of Copenhagen. Germany: De Gruyter, p. 353